Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A stereospecific ^3J_(CF) coupling in the low-temperature ^(13)C nmr spectrum of 1,1-difluorocyclohexane

The proton-decoupled ^(13)C nmr spectrum of 1,1-difluorocyclohexane has been examined at room temperature and at -90 degrees C. There are only minor changes in the one-bond and two-bond carbon-fluorine scalar coupling constants at the lower temperature; however, the triplet observed for C-3 (^3J_(CF) = 4.7 Hz) collapses to a doublet (3JCF = 9.5 Hz) at -90 °C. It is proposed that only the equatorial fluorine is coupled with the C-3 carbon as the result of operation of a back-lobe orbital interaction

Les enjeux des industries mécaniques françaises et l’euro méditerranée

Les points suivants de l'exposé sont : - la réalité des industries mécaniques françaises aujourd’hui, - ses grands enjeux et défis, - les relations avec le monde méditerranéen et en particulier avec les pays du Maghreb, - les pistes de développement. Dans ce contexte le périmètre des industries mécaniques est celui de : - la transformation et le travail des métaux, - la fabrication de machines et d’équipements mécaniques, - la fabrication d’instruments médicaux, de précision, d’optique et d’horlogerie

Identification and verification of heat shock protein 60 as a potential serum marker for colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue worldwide, and novel tumor markers may contribute to its efficient management by helping in early detection, prognosis or surveillance of disease. The aim of our study was to identify new serum biomarkers for CRC, and we followed a phased biomarker discovery and validation process to obtain an accurate preliminary assessment of potential clinical utility. We compared colonic tumors and matched normal tissue from 15 CRC patients, using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and identified 17 proteins that had significant differential expression. These results were further confirmed by western blotting for heat shock protein (HSP) 60, glutathione-S-transferase Pi, α-enolase, T-complex protein 1 subunit β, and leukocyte elastase inhibitor, and by immunohistochemistry for HSP60. Using mAbs raised against HSP60, we developed a reliable (precision of 5–15%) and sensitive (0.3 ng·mL−1) immunoassay for the detection of HSP60 in serum. Elevated levels of HSP60 were found in serum from CRC patients in two independent cohorts; the receiver-operating characteristic curve obtained in 112 patients with CRC and 90 healthy controls had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.70, which was identical to the AUC of carcinoembryonic antigen. Combination of serum markers improved clinical performance: the AUC of a three-marker logistic regression model combining HSP60, carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 reached 0.77. Serum HSP60 appeared to be more specific for late-stage CRC; therefore, future studies should evaluate its utility for determining prognosis or monitoring therapy rather than early detection

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Des corps etrangers metalliques chez les "bovins.

Diss. Toulouse.OPLADEN-RUG0

Zombies Strike Back

         ABSTRACT:Zombies Strike BackAlpha YeeJean-Claude Charrier      This world has been controlled for far too long by the tyranny of the humans. As long as men are in control of the world, Zombies will never be free to enjoy this world they mindlessly walk in. You are the only hope for your kind. You have advanced beyond the capabilities of your zombie brethren and are able to think, use guns that projects syringes to fight, and lead your fellow zombies against your oppressors. You will venture in through various areas in habited and defended by humans, mainly by the police force and military. With that said you will encounter radiated hearts to modify your ammo with explosive and extinguishing capabilities.  Explosives will be used for destroying unmovable debris that hinders your path of destroying humanity. Your extinguishing capability will be used for saving your fellow brothers and sisters engulfed by a ring of fire.  If you choose to extinguish the fire, you can add them to your swarm in order to survive any hits you may take by sacrificing the simple-minded of your kind.  End the wrongful tyranny that has for so long kept you from freedom. You are the last and only hope for all of zombie-kind

Zombies Strike Back

         ABSTRACT:Zombies Strike BackAlpha YeeJean-Claude Charrier      This world has been controlled for far too long by the tyranny of the humans. As long as men are in control of the world, Zombies will never be free to enjoy this world they mindlessly walk in. You are the only hope for your kind. You have advanced beyond the capabilities of your zombie brethren and are able to think, use guns that projects syringes to fight, and lead your fellow zombies against your oppressors. You will venture in through various areas in habited and defended by humans, mainly by the police force and military. With that said you will encounter radiated hearts to modify your ammo with explosive and extinguishing capabilities.  Explosives will be used for destroying unmovable debris that hinders your path of destroying humanity. Your extinguishing capability will be used for saving your fellow brothers and sisters engulfed by a ring of fire.  If you choose to extinguish the fire, you can add them to your swarm in order to survive any hits you may take by sacrificing the simple-minded of your kind.  End the wrongful tyranny that has for so long kept you from freedom. You are the last and only hope for all of zombie-kind

Du CDI au centre de ressources multimédias : un outil pour développer une culture de l’information à l’école

Les CDI français ont quarante ans. Dans un premier temps de leur évolution, ils ont eu à rassembler les documents et les matériels destinés à l’ensemble des membres de la communauté éducative. Progressivement, ils sont devenus de véritables lieux d’apprentissage : on n’y vient plus seulement pour lire et pour emprunter des volumes, mais pour développer des méthodes de travail et des habiletés d’information. Parallèlement, les documentalistes qui les animent sont devenus des enseignants à part entière et les promoteurs d’activités pédagogiques. Aujourd’hui, le développement des technologies de l’information et de la communication fait du CDI un centre de ressources multimédias ouvert vers l’extérieur et intégré dans un plus vaste réseau. Cela ne fait que renforcer le besoin d’une médiation entre l’élève et l’information. Enseignants documentalistes et enseignants de disciplines doivent travailler ensemble au CDI pour développer chez l’élève une culture de l’information.The French CDIs (Instructional Material Centres) are now forty years old. At first, their role was to gather documentation and material for all members of the educational community. Over time, they themselves became places of learning: people did not go to them just to read and borrow books, but also to develop study and information gathering skills. In parallel fashion, the documentalists who ran the centres became teachers in their own right and developers of pedagogical activities. Today, information and communication technologies have transformed the CDI into an outward-looking multimedia resource centre, one that is integrated into a much larger network. This development can only reinforce students’ need for help in accessing information. Library science teachers and teachers of all disciplines must work together at the CDI to develop an information culture in students.Los CDI franceses tienen cuarenta años. Al iniciar su evolución, se dedicaron a recolectar los documentos y los materiales destinados al conjunto de los miembros de la comunidad educativa. Progresivamente se convirtieron en verdaderos centros de aprendizaje: no se acude solamente a leer o pedir prestados documentos, sino a adquirir métodos de trabajo y habilidades en el menajo de la información. En forma paralela, los documentalistas que los aníman se han convertido en maestros y promotores de actividades pedagógicas. Actualmente, el desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación ha convertido al CDI en un centro de recursos multimedia abierto al exterior e integrado a una vasta red. Esto confirma la necesidad de mediación entre el alumno y la información. Maestros documentalistas y maestros de diversas disciplinas deben trabajar conjuntamente en el CDI para favorecer el desarrollo, entre los alumnos, de una cultura de la información