Underwater: a Singer-Songwriter EP with electronic elements

For this project, Brigitte developed her artistic voice and experimented with incorporating electronic elements into her original acoustic singer-songwriter music. She wanted to experiment with combining acoustic and electronic sounds since prior to her year at Berklee she had used almost exclusively utilized acoustic sounds. During the project, Brigitte experimented with different production approaches, striving to incorporate new techniques and software into her creative process. Some of the techniques she experimented with include adding MIDI, sound design and using Ableton Live as a compositional tool. By the end of this process she composed and recorded an EP. Brigitte wanted to experiment with combining these two genres because she appreciates when producers are able to combine a singer-songwriter style with an electronic production. Many times this is achieved through remixes or collaborations, but Brigitte wanted to experiment with doing this herself as part of the original composition.https://remix.berklee.edu/graduate-studies-production-technology/1188/thumbnail.jp

L’intervention de type criminologique à l’aune de la Collaboration Cochrane

Dans les échelles d’appréciation de la qualité scientifique des recherches, les essais randomisés contrôlés (ERC) figurent en haut de la liste. En termes de crédibilité, dans le courant des pratiques fondées sur des données probantes (Evidence Based Practice [EBP]), les résultats qu’ils obtiennent ont la priorité sur les autres. Les recensions Cochrane, qui portent généralement sur l’efficacité d’interventions médicales, s’intéressent aussi aux interventions de type criminologique. À notre connaissance, aucune étude ne s’est encore penchée sur les conclusions dégagées par la Collaboration Cochrane sur ce type d’intervention. Dans le présent article, le contenu de la revue électronique Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews a été analysé, pour la période allant de 2000 à 2008. Les résultats montrent que 33 recensions Cochrane ont traité d’interventions de type criminologique. Privilégiant les ERC, ces recensions n’ont retenu en moyenne que 2 % de toutes les études publiées dans différents champs d’intervention. Un tel résultat permet de discuter de la pertinence de la méthode Cochrane pour évaluer l’efficacité d’interventions à caractère plus social. Les questions posées concernent la représentativité des milieux où sont implantées les interventions, la concomitance et la complexité des problèmes à résoudre, les apports et limites des « protocoles » d’intervention, ainsi que les risques de retard, voire de paralysie, dans l’implantation d’approches innovantes.In reviews of scientific quality of studies, randomized controlled trials (RCT) are typically regarded as having the highest methodological rigour. Although the Cochrane Reviews are best known for their analysis of the effects of treatment in healthcare settings, they also investigate the effectiveness of criminological interventions. To our knowledge, no study has ever examined the conclusions of the Cochrane Reviews for this type of intervention. In this study, our analysis of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between 2000 and 2008 found 33 Cochrane Reviews of criminological interventions. Not surprisingly, given its weight on RCT, on average only 2 % of these studies were assessed as having high methodological quality. These results raise questions about the appropriateness of the Cochrane Reviews to evaluate the scientific quality of social type interventions. Issues such as the representativeness of the environment where interventions are implemented, the concomitance and complexity of social problems, the contributions and limits of intervention protocols and the risks of delay, even paralysis, in the implementation of innovative approaches are not part of their scientific quality examinations.Los estudios randomizados controlados (ERC) figuran a la cabeza de las escalas de evaluación de la calidad científica de las investigaciones. En términos de credibilidad, sus resultados tienen prioridad en la corriente de prácticas basadas en la evidencia (Evidence Based Practice). Las revisiones sistemáticas Cochrane, que por lo general tratan sobre la eficacia de las intervenciones médicas, se usan también en las intervenciones de tipo criminológico. Hasta donde sabemos, ningún estudio se ha detenido aún en las conclusiones de la Colaboración Cochrane sobre la intervención de tipo criminológico. En este artículo hemos analizado el contenido de la revista electrónica Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews de 2000 a 2008 ; los resultados muestran que 33 revisiones sistemáticas Cochrane tratan sobre intervenciones de tipo criminológico. Privilegiando los ERC, estas revisiones no han retenido en promedio más que el 2 % del total de estudios publicados en ésta u otra área de intervención. Este resultado permite discutir la pertinencia del método Cochrane para evaluar la eficacia de intervenciones de índole más social. Las cuestiones planteadas conciernen la representatividad de los medios en que se han implantado las intervenciones, la concomitancia y complejidad de problemas por resolver, los aportes y límites de los protocolos de intervención y el riesgo de retraso, e incluso parálisis, en la instrumentación de enfoques innovadores

p53-dependent stimulation of redox-related genes in the lymphoid organs of γ-irradiated mice—identification of Haeme-oxygenase 1 as a direct p53 target gene

Recent data showed that p53 stimulates the expression of genes encoding not only pro- but also antioxidant enzymes. It was suggested that antioxidant genes could be induced under physiologic levels of stress while the prooxidant ones respond to higher level of stress. Results presented in this article illustrate an additional degree of complexity. We show that the expression of Haeme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1), a stress-inducible gene that codes for an enzyme having antioxidant properties, is stimulated in a p53-dependent manner in the thymus and spleen of irradiated mice. We prove that HO-1 is a direct p53 target gene by showing that the p53RE identified within human and mouse genes is specifically bound by p53. The threshold of irradiation dose required to induce a significant response of HO-1 in the lymphoid organs of the irradiated mice is higher than that for Waf1/p21 that encodes an universal inhibitor of cell cycle. Moreover, induction of HO-1 occurs later than that of Waf1/p21. Finally, the higher stimulation of HO-1 is reached when Waf1/p21 stimulation starts to decrease

How effective is tetracaine 4% gel, before a peripherally inserted central catheter, in reducing procedural pain in infants: a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial [ISRCTN75884221]

BACKGROUND: Procedural pain relief is sub-optimal in infants, especially small and vulnerable ones. Tetracaine gel 4% (Ametop(®), Smith-Nephew) provides pain relief in children and larger infants, but its efficacy in smaller infants and for peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) remains uncertain. The objective of this trial was to assess the safety and efficacy of tetracaine gel on the pain response of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants during insertion of a PICC. METHODS: Medically stable infants greater than or equal to 24 weeks gestation, requiring a non-urgent PICC, were included. Following randomization and double blinding, 1.1 g of tetracaine or placebo was applied to the skin for 30 minutes. The PICC was inserted according to a standard protocol. Pain was assessed using the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP). A 3-point change in the pain score was considered clinically significant, leading to a sample size of 54 infants, with 90% statistical power. Local skin reactions and immediate adverse cardiorespiratory events were noted. The primary outcome, PIPP score at 1 minute, was analysed using an independent Student's t-test. RESULTS: Fifty-four infants were included, 27 +/- 2 weeks gestation, 916 +/- 292 grams and 6.5 +/- 3.2 days of age. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The mean PIPP score in the first minute was 10.88 in the treatment group as compared to 11.74 in the placebo group (difference 0.86, 95% CI -1.86, 3.58). Median duration of crying in non-intubated infants was 181 seconds in the tetracaine group compared to 68 seconds in the placebo group (difference -78, 95% CI -539, 117). Local skin erythema was observed transiently in 4 infants (3 in the treatment and 1 in the placebo group). No serious harms were observed. CONCLUSION: Tetracaine 4% when applied for 30 minutes was not beneficial in decreasing procedural pain associated with a PICC in very small infants

How effective is tetracaine 4% gel, before a venipuncture, in reducing procedural pain in infants: a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Procedural pain relief is sub-optimal in neonates. Topical tetracaine provides pain relief in children. Evidence of its efficacy and safety in neonates is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of topical tetracaine on the pain response of neonates during a venipuncture. METHODS: Medically stable infants greater than or equal to 24 weeks gestation, requiring a venipuncture, were included. Following randomization and double blinding, 1.1 g of tetracaine or placebo was applied to the skin for 30 minutes. Participants received oral sucrose if they met local eligibility criteria. The venipuncture was performed according to a standard protocol. A medium effect size in the pain score (corresponding to about 2 point difference in the PIPP score) was considered clinically significant, leading to a sample size of 142 infants, with 80% statistical power. Local skin reactions and immediate adverse cardiorespiratory events were noted. The primary outcome, PIPP score at 1 minute, was analysed using an independent Student's t-test. RESULTS: One hundred and forty two infants were included, 33 +/- 4 weeks gestation, 2100 +/- 900 grams and 6 +/- 3 days of age. There was almost no difference in PIPP scores at 1 minute between groups (mean difference -0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.68 to 1.50; P = . 91). Similarly, there were no differences in PIPP scores during the 2(nd), 3(rd )and 4th minute. Duration of cry did not differ between the groups (median difference, 0; 95% CI, -3 to 0; P = . 84). The majority of infants in both groups received sucrose 24%. Sucrose had a significant effect on the PIPP score, as assessed by an ANOVA model (p = 0.0026). Local skin erythema was observed transiently in 11 infants (7 in the tetracaine and 4 in the placebo group). No serious side effect was observed. CONCLUSION: Tetracaine did not significantly decrease procedural pain in infants undergoing a venipuncture, when used in combination with routine sucrose administration

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe