Transcriptional Regulation of zma-MIR528a by Action of Nitrate and Auxin in Maize

In recent years, miR528, a monocot-specific miRNA, has been assigned multifaceted roles during development and stress response in several plant species. However, the transcription regulation and the molecular mechanisms controlling MIR528 expression in maize are still poorly explored. Here we analyzed the zma-MIR528a promoter region and found conserved transcription factor binding sites related to diverse signaling pathways, including the nitrate (TGA1/4) and auxin (AuxRE) response networks. Accumulation of both pre-miR528a and mature miR528 was up-regulated by exogenous nitrate and auxin treatments during imbibition, germination, and maize seedling establishment. Functional promoter analyses demonstrated that TGA1/4 and AuxRE sites are required for transcriptional induction by both stimuli. Overall, our findings of the nitrogen- and auxin-induced zma-MIR528a expression through cis-regulatory elements in its promoter contribute to the knowledge of miR528 regulome

Evaluation of the LIAISON XL Zika Capture IgM II for the Diagnosis of Zika Virus Infections

The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance characteristics of the LIAISON XL Zika Capture IgM II. For this purpose we tested 128 samples obtained from recent infections caused by the Zika (ZIKV; 74 samples), dengue (DENV; 10 samples), chikungunya (CHIK V; 11 samples), rubella (RUBV; 10 samples) and measles (MeV; 10 samples) viruses, as well as human parvovirus B19 (HPVB19; 13 samples). The results of the assay under evaluation are compared with those obtained from an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay, and the discrepancies are resolved by considering other laboratory results (PCR and a plaque-reduction neutralization test). The LIAISON showed excellent sensitivity (100%). The specificity (91.25%) was hampered by some false-positive results in recent dengue virus, chikungunya virus, measles virus and human parvovirus B19 infections. The method evaluated is adequate, but the low specificity makes it necessary to consider the clinical and epidemiological contexts of patients, as well as other laboratory results.Funding: This work has been financed by a contract between the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and Diasorin Iberia(MVP280/18).S

Differences in Expression of IQSEC2 Transcript Isoforms in Male and Female Cases with Loss of Function Variants and Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Pathogenic hemizygous or heterozygous mutations in the IQSEC2 gene cause X-linked intellectual developmental disorder-1 (XLID1), characterized by a variable phenotype including developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, hypotonia, autism, microcephaly and stereotypies. It affects both males and females typically through loss of function in males and haploinsufficiency in heterozygous females. Females are generally less affected than males. Two novel unrelated cases, one male and one female, with de novo IQSEC2 variants were detected by trio-based whole exome sequencing. The female case had a previously undescribed frameshift mutation (NM_001111125:c.3300dup; p.Met1101Tyrfs*5), and the male showed an intronic variant in intron 6, with a previously unknown effect (NM_001111125:c.2459+21C>T). IQSEC2 gene expression study revealed that this intronic variant created an alternative donor splicing site and an aberrant product, with the inclusion of 19bp, confirming the pathogenic effect of the intron variant. Moreover, a strong reduction in the expression of the long, but also the short IQSEC2 isoforms, was detected in the male correlating with a more severe phenotype, while the female case showed no decreased expression of the short isoform, and milder effects of the disease. This suggests that the abnormal expression levels of the different IQSEC2 transcripts could be implicated in the severity of disease manifestations.This research was funded by INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III, institutional project Spain UDP and grant PT20CIII/00009.S

The Risk of Contracting COVID-19 Is Not Increased in Patients With Celiac Disease

The World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic in March 2020. Since then, there are more than 34 million cases of COVID-19 leading to more than 1 million deaths worldwide. Numerous studies suggest that celiac disease (CeD), a chronic immune-mediated gastrointestinal condition triggered by gluten, is associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections.1-3 However, how it relates to the risk of COVID-19 is unknown. To address this gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate whether patients with self-reported CeD are at an increased risk of contracting COVID-19

Strengtheningtheunderstanding and production of texts, use of research as a pedagogicalstrategy, withsupport in information and communicationtechnologies

Este artículo presenta resultados derivados de la investigación acerca del desarrollo de la comprensión lectora y la producción escrita, comocompetencias necesarias en la formación integral de los estudiantes, no sólo del área del lenguaje, sino en todo su quehacer comunicativo e intelectual, en favor de un aprendizaje significativo. El propósito es generar procesos para fortalecer una práctica pedagógica que promuevael desarrollo de aprendizajes basados en la investigación como estrategia pedagógica y la incorporación de los avances de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Se desarrolló la investigación con estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Departamental Agropecuaria Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes, ubicada en Magdalena, Pivijay, Colombia. Se generaron orientaciones para la integración curricular de la investigación y las tecnologías de información y comunicación, para orientar innovaciones necesarias para redefinir las estrategias que adoptan los docentes en su quehacer pedagógicoThisarticlepresentsresultsderivedfromresearchonthedevelopment of readingcomprehension and writtenproduction, as necessarycompetences in the integral formation of students, notonly in thearea of language, but in alltheircommunicative and intellectualwork, in favor of a significantlearningThepurposeistogenerateprocessestostrengthen a pedagogicalpracticethatpromotesthedevelopment of learningbasedonresearch as a pedagogicalstrategy and theincorporation of advances in information and communicationtechnologies.TheresearchwasdevelopedwithstudentsfromtheAgriculturalDepartmentalInstitution of Our Lady of Mercy, located in Magdalena, Pivijay, Colombia. Guidelinesforthe curricular integration of research and information and communicationtechnologiesweregeneratedto guide innovationsnecessaryto redefine thestrategiesadoptedbyteachers in theirpedagogicalwor

Científicas españolas: un mundo por descubrir

Objetivos: La Unión Europea sugiere, entre otros puntos, que la formación universitaria sea complementada con los avances que se vayan produciendo en la investigación científica y, además, pone un especial énfasis en la digitalización de contenidos y en la difusión a través de internet en la Educación Superior. Por ello, el objetivo del proyecto llevado a cabo fue realizar una actividad en la que los alumnos entrevistaran a una mujer científica española que trabajara en alguno de los temas estudiados en clases e ir creando un blog, vinculado a Facebook, con las entrevistas realizadas. De esta forma, además de dar visibilidad a las científicas de nuestro país, ya que en muchos casos la mujer está infravalorada por la sociedad en el ámbito científico, se pretendía conseguir la participación activa del alumnado y favorecer y fomentar su aprendizaje activo, desarrollar la capacidad del alumno de profundizar en un tema de investigación y de plantearse y de que tomaran conciencia del relevante nivel científico que existe en nuestro país y, en concreto, de la importancia que tienen las mujeres. Metodología: Se propuso la actividad a alumnos de 5 Grados diferentes (Farmacia, Doble Grado de Nutrición y Dietética, Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Terapia Ocupacional y Óptica y Optometría). Los alumnos interesados en participar formaron grupos de trabajo y eligieron el tema sobre el que querían trabajar del listado propuesto por los profesores. Buscaron una mujer científica española de reconocido prestigio que trabajara en el tema elegido y, después de comunicárselo al profesor, se pusieron en contacto con ella para solicitarles la realización de la entrevista. Una vez que esta accedía a su realización, los alumnos prepararon un dossier de preguntas basándose en los trabajos publicados de la misma, y, tras ser supervisado y corregido por el profesor, eran formuladas a la científica elegida. Una vez realizada la entrevista, los alumnos redactaron un artículo y tras su revisión por el profesor, se hacía público en el blog. Para dar mayor visibilidad al blog, se creó una cuenta abierta de Facebook en la que se iba vinculando el mismo. Al final de todo el proceso se realizó una valoración de la actividad global por parte de los alumnos mediante una encuesta de opinión tipo Likert. Resultados: Se ofertó la actividad a 581 alumnos y participaron 195 (33,6%). Con la actividad propuesta se ha conseguido la participación activa de un porcentaje considerable del alumnado, destacando en los Grados de CYTA (78,4%), Doble Grado de Farmacia y Nutrición (72,3%) y Farmacia (24,1%). Dentro de los que participaron en la actividad, el porcentaje de aprobados fue mayor que el de suspensos (78 vs. 22%; p<0,05, respectivamente). Por otra parte, la valoración otorgada a la actividad fue bastante buena (3,8 sobre 5 puntos), aunque muchos estudiantes manifestaron que les llevó bastante tiempo su realización. Por último, según los alumnos, la actividad les hizo tomar conciencia del alto nivel científico de muchas científicas españolas (4,5 puntos sobre 5)

Epigenetic clocks in relapse after a first episode of schizophrenia

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the association between several epigenetic clocks, covering different aspects of aging, with schizophrenia relapse evaluated over a 3-year follow-up period in a cohort of ninety-one first-episode schizophrenia patients. Genome-wide DNA methylation was profiled and four epigenetic clocks, including epigenetic clocks of chronological age, mortality and telomere length were calculated. Patients that relapsed during the follow-up showed epigenetic acceleration of the telomere length clock (p = 0.030). Shorter telomere length was associated with cognitive performance (working memory, r = 0.31 p = 0.015; verbal fluency, r = 0.28 p = 0.028), but no direct effect of cognitive function or symptom severity on relapse was detected. The results of the present study suggest that epigenetic age acceleration could be involved in the clinical course of schizophrenia and could be a useful marker of relapse when measured in remission stages

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13