The Manual Diaphragm Release Technique improves diaphragmatic mobility, inspiratory capacity and exercise capacity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomised trial

Questions: In people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, does the Manual Diaphragm Release Technique improve diaphragmatic mobility after a single treatment, or cumulatively? Does the technique also improve exercise capacity, maximal respiratory pressures, and kinematics of the chest wall and abdomen? Design: Randomised, controlled trial with concealed allocation, intention-to-treat analysis, and blinding of participants and assessors. Participants: Twenty adults aged over 60 years with clinically stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Intervention: The experimental group received six treatments with the Manual Diaphragm Release Technique on non-consecutive days within a 2-week period. The control group received sham treatments following the same regimen. Outcome measures: The primary outcome was diaphragmatic mobility, which was analysed using ultrasonography. The secondary outcomes were: the 6-minute walk test; maximal respiratory pressures; and abdominal and chest wall kinematics measured by optoelectronic plethysmography. Outcomes were measured before and after the first and sixth treatments. Results: The Manual Diaphragm Release Technique significantly improved diaphragmatic mobility over the course of treatments, with a between-group difference in cumulative improvement of 18 mm (95% CI 8 to 28). The technique also significantly improved the 6-minute walk distance over the treatment course, with a between-group difference in improvement of 22 m (95% CI 11 to 32). Maximal expiratory pressure and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure both showed significant acute benefits from the technique during the first and sixth treatments, but no cumulative benefit. Inspiratory capacity estimated by optoelectronic plethysmography showed significant cumulative benefit of 330 ml (95% CI 100 to 560). The effects on other outcomes were non-significant or small. Conclusion: The Manual Diaphragm Release Technique improves diaphragmatic mobility, exercise capacity and inspiratory capacity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This technique could be considered in the management of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Trial registration: NCT02212184. [Rocha T, Souza H, Brandão DC, Rattes C, Ribeiro L, Campos SL, Aliverti A, de Andrade AD (2015) The Manual Diaphragm Release Technique improves diaphragmatic mobility, inspiratory capacity and exercise capacity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 61: 182–189

O papel da enfermagem e sua contribuição para a promoção do envelhecimento saudável e ativo

A longevidade adquirida por meio de melhor qualidade de vida da população tem obrigado o setor saúde a enfrentar alguns desafios para proporcionar aos idosos longos anos de vida saudáveis, o que tem levado as equipes de enfermagem das unidades básicas a não conseguir realizar uma assistência de modo adequada, uma vez que os profissionais se prendem apenas aos aspectos biológicos do envelhecimento, esquecendo que a população da terceira idade também possui uma vida social e afetiva. Esta pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, e para sua elaboração foram pesquisados diversos artigos científicos na BIREME, SCIELO e LILACS (Literatura Latino Americana da Ciência da Saúde e do Caribe), além de condutas e diretrizes do ministério da saúde. Seu principal objetivo foi conhecer a atuação do enfermeiro na atenção básica que favoreça o envelhecimento saudável e ativo. Considerando a importância da promoção da saúde em nosso meio, o enfermeiro, enquanto membro de uma equipe multiprofissional possui um papel de extrema responsabilidade, o qual deverá estar devidamente qualificado para atender qualitativa e quantitativamente as necessidades individuais e coletivas de todas as pessoas, e em especial os da população idosa

El síndrome de Burnout: ¿estará presente entre los fisioterapeutas de cuidados intensivos?

The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile and prevalence of Burnout syndrome in physical therapists of public hospitals with intensive care units (ICU) in Recife, comparing them between adult, pediatric and neonatal units. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in five public hospitals with intensive care units in the city of Recife. A sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire for stressors and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MIB) were used to assess the prevalence of the syndrome. The results indicated a percentage of Burnout of 48.72% for adult ICU professionals and 47.06% for pediatric and neonatal ICUs, considering a serious level in only one dimension. High scores were found in the Emotional Exhaustion indicators, with 56.42% in the adult ICU and 64.71% in the pediatric and neonatal ICUs. For Depersonalization 12.82% in adult ICU and 29.41% in other ICUs. As for Professional Realization, values of 17.65% in pediatric and neonatal ICUs and 33.33% in adults. The prevalence of Burnout syndrome was high among the evaluated physiotherapists. Given this, it is observed the need to develop preventive measures and intervention models, so that this effect is minimized.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil e a prevalência da síndrome de Burnout em fisioterapeutas intensivistas das redes públicas da cidade do Recife, comparando-os entre unidades adultas, pediátricas e neonatais. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo de corte transversal em cinco hospitais públicos portadores de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico para fatores estressantes e do Maslach Burnout Inventory (MIB) para avaliar a prevalência da síndrome. Os resultados indicaram um percentual de 48,72% de Burnout para profissionais de UTI de cuidado adulto e 47,06% para unidades pediátricas e neonatais, considerando-se nível grave em apenas uma dimensão. Foram encontrados escores elevados nos indicadores de exaustão emocional, com 56,42% em UTI adulto e 64,71% em unidades pediátricas e neonatais. O indicador despersonalização apresentou 12,82% em UTI adulto e 29,41% nas demais. Já realização profissional obteve valores de 17,65% em UTI pediátricas e neonatais e de 33,33% em cuidado adulto. A prevalência da síndrome de Burnout se mostrou elevada entre os fisioterapeutas avaliados. Diante disso, observa-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de medidas preventivas e modelos de intervenção para que tal efeito seja minimizado.En este trabajo se propone evaluar el perfil y la prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout entre los fisioterapias de cuidados intensivos en las redes públicas en Recife (Brasil), comparándolos entre las unidades pediátricas, neonatales y de adultos. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de cohorte transversal, del cual participaron cinco hospitales públicos con Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, por medio de un cuestionario sociodemográfico para factores de estrés y del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MIB) para evaluar la prevalencia del síndrome. Los resultados desvelan un porcentaje del 48,72 % de Burnout a profesionales de UCI de atención a adultos, y un 47,06 % en unidades pediátricas y neonatales, con nivel grave sólo en una dimensión. Se encontraron puntuaciones más altas en los indicadores de agotamiento emocional, con un 56,42 % en UCI de adultos, y un 64,71 % en unidades pediátricas y neonatales. El indicador despersonalización presentó un 12,82 % en UCI de adultos, y un 29,41 % en las demás. Ya la satisfacción profesional obtuvo valor de un 17,65 % en UCI pediátricas y neonatales, y un 33,33 % en la atención a adultos. La prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout fue elevada entre los fisioterapeutas evaluados. Lo que demuestra la necesidad de desarrollar medidas preventivas y modelos de intervención para minimizar este efecto

Acute effects of different inspiratory efforts on ventilatory pattern and chest wall compartmental distribution in elderly women

It is not completely described how aging affect ventilatory kinematics and what are the mechanisms adopted by the elderly population to overcome these structural modifications. Given this, the aim was to evaluate the acute effects of different inspiratory efforts on ventilatory pattern and chest wall compartmental distribution in elderly women. Variables assessed included: tidal volume (Vt), total chest wall volume (Vcw), pulmonary rib cage (Vrcp%), abdominal rib cage (Vrca%) and abdominal compartment (Vab%) relative contributions to tidal volume. These variables were assessed during quiet breathing, maximal inspiratory pressure maneuver (MIP), and moderate inspiratory resistance (MIR; i.e., 40% of MIP). 22 young women (age: 23.9 ± 2.5 years) and 22 elderly women (age: 68.2 ± 5.0 years) participated to this study. It was possible to show that during quiet breathing, Vab% was predominant in elderly (p < 0.001), in young, however, Vab% was similar to Vrcp% (p = 0.095). During MIR, Vrcp% was predominant in young (p < 0.001) and comparable to Vab% in elderly (p = 0.249). When MIP was imposed, both groups presented a predominance of Vrcp%. In conclusion, there are differences in abdominal kinematics between young and elderly women during different inspiratory efforts. In elderly, during moderate inspiratory resistance, the pattern is beneficial, deep, and slow. Although, during maximal inspiratory resistance, the ventilatory pattern seems to predict imminent muscle fatigue

Quality of Life, Sleep and Fatigue in Parkinson's Disease: A Correlation Study / Qualidade de vida, sono e fadiga na doença de Parkinson: um estudo de correlação

Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the older adults, leading to sleep disorders and can negatively affect their quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease and correlate it with the quality of sleep and fatigue. Cross-sectional study in which 18 individuals with a diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, of both sexes, mean between ages 65±9, underwent evaluation by questionnaires like Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (r = 0.627; p = 0.003), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (r = 0.613; p = 0.003). This study found that it is possible to infer that there is a strong relationship between the quality of life, quality of sleep and perception of fatigue, and demonstrate how these variables are fundamental for planning appropriate strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease

Position statement of the Brazilian Academy of Rhinology on the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes, and oral corticosteroids in the treatment of inflammatory sinonasal diseases

Introduction: Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are very prevalent in the general population, resulting in marked loss of quality of life in affected patients, as well as significant work, leisure, and social activity losses. These patients require specific and specialized treatment. A wide range of oral medications are available. Objective: The present document is aimed to clarify, for professionals treating patients with inflammatory sinonasal diseases, both specialists and general practitioners, specific oral therapies in noninfectious nasal inflammatory conditions. Methods: The methodology used to create this article included the search for the key words: oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, antileukotrienes, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases in the last 5 years. Since no relevant article was found for the text on the subject of interest in the last 5 years, the search was extended for another 5 years, and so on, according to the authors' needs. Results: Relevant literature was found regarding the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes and oral corticosteroids in these conditions. The Brazilian Academy of Rhinology emphasizes, after extensive discussion by the collegiate, key points in the treatment with these drugs. Conclusion: There is support in the literature for the use of these drugshowever, final considerations about the role of each of them have been made. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. on behalf of Associacao Brasileira de Otorrino-laringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial.Univ Sao Paulo, Disciplina Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Otorrinolaringol, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Ciencias Saude, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Fac Med, Disciplina Otorrinolaringol, Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Inst Paranaense Otorrinolaringol, Centro Rinite & Alergia, Curitiba, PR, BrazilUniv Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Brasilia, Fac Med, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Otorrinolaringol & Cabeca & Pescoco, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Luterana Brasil, Fac Med, Otorrinolaringol, Canoas, RS, BrazilMt Sinai Hosp, Dept Othorhinolaryngol, Toronto, ON, CanadaUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Ciencias, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Oftalmol Otorrinolaringol & Cirurgia Cabeca, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Ciencias Saude, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Otorrinolaringol & Cabeca & Pescoco, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Comparing Notes: Recording and Criticism

This chapter charts the ways in which recording has changed the nature of music criticism. It both provides an overview of the history of recording and music criticism, from the advent of Edison’s Phonograph to the present day, and examines the issues arising from this new technology and the consequent transformation of critical thought and practice

Wider Still and Wider: British Music Criticism since the Second World War

This chapter provides the first historical examination of music criticism in Britain since the Second World War. In the process, it also challenges the simplistic prevailing view of this being a period of decline from a golden age in music criticism