Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies Developed for Biomedical Applications

The research and development of new electronic-nose applications in the biomedical field has accelerated at a phenomenal rate over the past 25 years. Many innovative e-nose technologies have provided solutions and applications to a wide variety of complex biomedical and healthcare problems. The purposes of this review are to present a comprehensive analysis of past and recent biomedical research findings and developments of electronic-nose sensor technologies, and to identify current and future potential e-nose applications that will continue to advance the effectiveness and efficiency of biomedical treatments and healthcare services for many years. An abundance of electronic-nose applications has been developed for a variety of healthcare sectors including diagnostics, immunology, pathology, patient recovery, pharmacology, physical therapy, physiology, preventative medicine, remote healthcare, and wound and graft healing. Specific biomedical e-nose applications range from uses in biochemical testing, blood-compatibility evaluations, disease diagnoses, and drug delivery to monitoring of metabolic levels, organ dysfunctions, and patient conditions through telemedicine. This paper summarizes the major electronic-nose technologies developed for healthcare and biomedical applications since the late 1980s when electronic aroma detection technologies were first recognized to be potentially useful in providing effective solutions to problems in the healthcare industry

[Corrigendum] Antiproliferative effects of imatinib mesylate on ZR‑75‑1 and MDA‑MB‑231 cell lines via PDGFR‑β, PDGF‑BB, c‑Kit and SCF expression

An interested reader drew to our attention that the above study appeared to contain a high level of overlap with an article by the same authors published in the journal Drug Design, Development and Therapy [Kadivar A, Kamalidehghan B, Akbari Javar H, Karimi B, Sedghi R and Noordin MI: Antiproliferation effect of imatinib mesylate on MCF7, T‑47D tumorigenic and MCF 10A nontumorigenic breast cell lines via PDGFR‑β, PDGF‑BB, c‑Kit and SCF genes. Drug Des Devel Ther 11: 469‑481, 2017]. Following an internal investigation and also in liaison with the authors, it was established that, although the studies were conducted along broadly similar lines, the papers contained entirely different data involving two different subsets of cell lines; the submission to Drug Des Devel Ther aimed to explore the effects of imatinib mesylate on three different groups, with each group being represented by a cell line, whereas the submission to Int J Mol Med explored the effectiveness of imatinib mesylate in breast cancer cell lines. In spite of this, considering the relatedness of the articles and the fact that the paper to Drug Des Devel Ther was submitted first and published while the Int J Mol Med paper was passing through the peer‑review process, the authors concede that they should have properly referenced their paper submitted to Drug Des Devel Ther in the Int J Mol Med paper. Note that the publishers of Drug Des Devel Ther, with whom we were liaising, agreed with the decision to issue a Corrigendum for this paper that acknowledges the article published in Drug Des Devel Ther. The authors regret their failure to acknowledge the related paper in this instance, and apologize to the readership for this oversight. [the original article was published in International Journal of Molecular Medicine 14: 414‑424, 2018; DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3590]