Developing a quick and practical screen to improve the identification of poor hydration in geriatric and rehabilitative care

Dehydration has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Dehydration risk increases with advancing age, and will progressively become an issue as the aging population increases. Worldwide, those aged 60 years and over are the fastest growing segment of the population. The study aimed to develop a clinically practical means to identify dehydration amongst older people in the clinical care setting. Older people aged 60 years or over admitted to the Geriatric and Rehabilitation Unit (GARU) of two tertiary teaching hospitals were eligible for participation in the study. Ninety potential screening questions and 38 clinical parameters were initially tested on a single sample (n=33) with the most promising 11 parameters selected to undergo further testing in an independent group (n=86). Of the almost 130 variables explored, tongue dryness was most strongly associated with poor hydration status, demonstrating 64% sensitivity and 62% specificity within the study participants. The result was not confounded by age, gender or body mass index. With minimal training, inter-rater repeatability was over 90%. This study identified tongue dryness as a potentially practical tool to identify dehydration risk amongst older people in the clinical care setting. Further studies to validate the potential screen in larger and varied populations of older people are require

Effect of sustained attention on Early Start Denver Model outcomes

Introduction: There is very little research on the use of sustained attention as an outcome predictor for the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM). We hypothesized that a child’s level of sustained attention prior to therapy will correlate with positive ESDM outcomes. Methods: 10 pre-preschool age children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder received one year of ESDM therapy. A novel coding scheme was developed to evaluate each child’s pre-treatment level of sustained attention. Mullen Scales of Early Learning were evaluated prior to and after one year of ESDM. Pre-treatment levels of sustained attention were compared to pre-and post-treatment Mullen scores. Sustained attention was evaluated as an outcome predictor for ESDM. Results: Preliminary results identified a positive correlation between the duration of an episode of sustained attention and the pre- and post-treatment Mullen scores. A positive correlation was also identified between the functional use of an object during an episode of sustained attention and the pre- and post-treatment Mullen scores. Conclusion: Preliminary results support the hypothesis that a child’s level of sustained attention prior to therapy will correlate with positive ESDM outcomes. More participants are required to confirm the significance of the preliminary results

Dynamic data flow testing

Data flow testing is a particular form of testing that identifies data flow relations as test objectives. Data flow testing has recently attracted new interest in the context of testing object oriented systems, since data flow information is well suited to capture relations among the object states, and can thus provide useful information for testing method interactions. Unfortunately, classic data flow testing, which is based on static analysis of the source code, fails to identify many important data flow relations due to the dynamic nature of object oriented systems. This thesis presents Dynamic Data Flow Testing, a technique which rethinks data flow testing to suit the testing of modern object oriented software. Dynamic Data Flow Testing stems from empirical evidence that we collect on the limits of classic data flow testing techniques. We investigate such limits by means of Dynamic Data Flow Analysis, a dynamic implementation of data flow analysis that computes sound data flow information on program traces. We compare data flow information collected with static analysis of the code with information observed dynamically on execution traces, and empirically observe that the data flow information computed with classic analysis of the source code misses a significant part of information that corresponds to relevant behaviors that shall be tested. In view of these results, we propose Dynamic Data Flow Testing. The technique promotes the synergies between dynamic analysis, static reasoning and test case generation for automatically extending a test suite with test cases that execute the complex state based interactions between objects. Dynamic Data Flow Testing computes precise data flow information of the program with Dynamic Data Flow Analysis, processes the dynamic information to infer new test objectives, which Dynamic Data Flow Testing uses to generate new test cases. The test cases generated by Dynamic Data Flow Testing exercise relevant behaviors that are otherwise missed by both the original test suite and test suites that satisfy classic data flow criteria

THE COMPARISON OF WATER MANAGEMENT KNOWLEDGE AND WATER CONSERVATION ATTITUDE ON FARMERS AT GUNUNG KIDUL REGENCY

This research aimed to observe the difference of water management knowledge and water conservation attitude on farmers of Natah Village and Jatiayu Village at GunungKidul Regency, DI Yogyakarta Province. These two villages are karst area with the calcareous soil and different topography. Natah village has a few water soil than Jatiayu village. These differences might influence the water management knowledge and water attitude conservation on farmers. This research was conducted on April-Mei 2012. The method was descriptive quantitative method with 140 samples of farmers taken by simple random sampling and t test data analysis. The result of this study was water management knowledge and water conservation attitude of farmer at Jatiayu village was higher than Natah village. This research concluded that Natah village with a water soil limitation did not build a better water management knowledge and water conservation attitude. The role of GunungKidul Regency Government is important in managing water management knowledge and water conservation attitude on farmers especially in facing the climate change

Dietetics in the digital age: the impact of an electronic medical record on a tertiary hospital dietetic department

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the impact of a hospital-wide electronic medical record (EMR) on the way dietitians collect routine data for their assessments and its impact on their clinical documentation and service provision. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from the following sources: interdepartmental chart audit, the EMR itself (nutrition diagnosis), National Health Roundtable database (admissions requiring nutrition events) and the hospital-wide Pressure Injury Prevention Audits (height, weight and malnutrition screening). Results: There were improvements in medical record accessibility (76.4% pre vs 100% post, P

Malnutrition, poor food intake, and adverse healthcare outcomes in non-critically ill obese acute care hospital patients

Obesity, defined as a BMI\ua0≥\ua030\ua0kg/m, has demonstrated protective associations with mortality in some diseases. However, recent evidence demonstrates that poor nutritional status in critically ill obese patients confounds this relationship. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate if poor nutritional status, poor food intake and adverse health-related outcomes have a demonstrated association in non-critically ill obese acute care hospital patients.This is a secondary analysis of the Australasian Nutrition Care Day Survey dataset (N\ua0=\ua03122), a prospective cohort study conducted in hospitals from Australia and New Zealand in 2010. At baseline, hospital dietitians recorded participants' BMI, evaluated nutritional status using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and recorded 24-h\ua0food intake (as 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the offered food). Post-three months, participants' length of stay (LOS), readmissions, and in-hospital mortality data were collected. Bivariate and regression analyses were conducted to investigate if there were an association between BMI, nutritional status, poor food intake, and health-related outcomes.Of the 3122 participants, 2889 (93%) had eligible data. Obesity was prevalent in 26% of the cohort (n\ua0=\ua0750; 75% females; 61\ua0±\ua015 years; 37\ua0±\ua07\ua0kg/m). Fourteen percent (n\ua0=\ua0105) of the obese patients were malnourished. Over a quarter of the malnourished obese patients (N\ua0=\ua030/105, 28%) consumed ≤25% of the offered meals. Most malnourished obese patients (74/105, 70%) received standard diets without additional nutritional support. After controlling for confounders (age, disease type and severity), malnutrition and intake ≤25% of the offered meals independently trebled the odds of in-hospital mortality within 90 days of hospital admission in obese patients.Although malnourished obese experienced significantly adverse health-related outcomes they were least likely to receive additional nutritional support. This study demonstrates that BMI alone cannot be used as a surrogate measure for nutritional status and warrants routine nutritional screening for all hospital patients, and subsequent nutritional assessment and support for malnourished patients

The Effect of Using E-Learning Based Guided Discovery Learning Model Based on Self-Efficacy Towards Student Learning Outcomes In Biology Class in Reproductive System Subject in High School

Guided Discovery Learning is a learning model that is considered capable of improving student learning outcomes while Self-efficacy is self-confidence in an individual’s abilities. This study aims to determine the effect of guided discovery learning model and self-efficacy towards student learning outcomes in biology class. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental. This study has a sample of 200 students from 256 students. The technique used is Cluster random sampling. The instruments used are multiple choices and questionnaire. Data from the three variables are analysed using the Two-Way ANOVA Test and the Tukey Test, at a significance level of 0.005. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that Guided Discovery Learning model and an individual’s self-efficacy can improve student learning outcomes. Both Guided Discovery Learning model and self-efficacy can improve student learning outcomes and have positive interactions between the two variables. The implications of this study are as a basis for increasing the use of learning models using technology, and teachers as educators are able to encourage students to improve self-efficacy

The Influence of Environmental Sensitivity, Knowledge and Desire Issues (Intention To Act) with Students Behaviour as State Citizens Towards Environment

Students’ behaviour as citizens towards environment is an act of voluntary and free to conduct activities that benefit the environment. This study aims to analyse the influence environmental sensitivity, knowledge of environmental issues, and intention to act, with students’ behaviour as citizens towards the environment. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach and using survey methods, and analysed using path analysis. The number of samples used as respondents was 188 students in grade XI of MIA SMAN 1 Tarumajaya Tambun Utara Kabupaten Bekasi school year of 2019/2020. Based on the results of hypothesis it can be concluded that there is a positive direct influence of environmental sensitivity towards knowledge of environmental issues. There is a direct positive influence of environmental sensitivity on the intention to act. There is a direct positive influence of environmental sensitivity on student behaviour as citizens towards environment. There is a direct positive influence of knowledge of environmental issues on the intention to act. There is a direct positive influence of knowledge of environmental issues on student behaviour as citizens towards environment. There is a direct positive influence of the intention to act on student behaviour as citizens towards environment with large path coefficients. There is an indirect positive influence of environmental sensitivity on the intention to act through the knowledge of environmental issues. There is an indirect positive influence of knowledge of environmental issues on student behaviour as citizens towards environment through the intention to act. There is an indirect positive influence of environmental sensitivity on student behaviour as citizens towards environment through the knowledge of environmental issues and the intention to act

Multifunction Green Open Space for Environmental Education

With huge pressures from a rapidly growing population, Jakarta suffers from an increasingly low Environmental Quality Index (IKLH). In 2016 and 2017 it was the only province in Indonesia with the IKLH index “alert” according to the Ministry of Environmental and Forestry. Improving the quantity and quality of Green Open Space (GOS) is one way to counter this issue, and this initiative is undertaken by the DKI Jakarta Government to improve the quality of its environment. However, land limitations remain a challenge. The solution of the DKI Jakarta Government is to create multifunction GOS that combine various interests and facilities. The purpose of this study is to identify potential educational benefits from multifunction GOS, using qualitative analysis via literature study. The results suggest that the GOS provide economic, social and educational improvements. Most of the articles said that education through GOS is the second benefit that people can get. This study concludes that GOS can serve to improve environmental awareness in visitors, via indirect educational methods. Keywords: Green Open Space, Multifunction Green Open Space, Environmental Educatio