Comparative analysis with pedagogical purposes in the design of narrowband suppressor filters with twin-T and FDNR

Debido a la complejidad para introducir por primera vez la temática de los convertidores de impedancia en el ámbito universitario, específicamente los giradores (Circuito de Antoniou) y circuitos FDNR (Frequency Dependent Negative Resistance), se elabora una introducción didáctica, básica y detallada de los convertidores de impedancia, específicamente de los giradores y los circuitos FDNR usados en el curso de Electrónica II de la Universidad de la Costa.Due to the complexity to introduce for first time the subject of impedance converters in the university scope, specifically gyrators (Antoniou circuit) and FDNR circuits (Frequency Dependent Negative Resistance), is elaborated a didactic, basic and detailed introduction of the impedance converters, specifically of the gyrators and the FDNR circuits used in the course of Electronics II in the University of the Coast

Population fluctuation of the pineapple mealybug in two pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) varieties in Huimanguillo Tabasco, Mexico

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the specie, the prevalence and seasonal distribution of Dysmicoccus spp. Design/Methodology/Approach: The present study was carried out in two pineapples producing localities MD2 and cabezona varieties in the municipality of Huimanguillo, Tabasco The seasonal distribution and percentage of infestation were determined in both localities/varieties from January to June 2021. Monthly, 40 plants were sampled at random, in an area of 4 ha per locality. At the plant level, roots, stems, and leaves of the base of the plant and fruits were checked for the presence of this mealybug. Results: The species present were D. brevipes. The greatest abundance of mealybug was found in the bighead variety. D. brevipes are mostly located at the base of the stem and old basal leaves, both in the var. bighead as in MD2, by 85.46 and 61.75%, respectively. From January to April, the populations of D. brevipes were moderate, a period with the highest temperature; while the highest populations were recorded towards mid-June when the rains begin. Study limitations/implications: Climatic variable and immature stages of D. brevipes may affect the observations of population dynamics. Findings/Conclusions: D. brevipes was found to feed more on basal leaves and stems. To obtain population dynamics and predict the total number of insects per plant and their temporal and spatial distribution, the entire production cycle must be considered together with the climatic parameters, to create a control strategy directed at the dates of moderate abundance. Key words: Pineapple mealybugs, seasonal distribution, Huimanguillo.    Objective: To identify the pineapple mealybug Dysmicoccus spp. and determine its prevalence and seasonal distribution in Huimanguillo Tabasco, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was carried out in two pineapple producing localities in the municipality of Huimanguillo, Tabasco. The varieties studied were MD2 and Cabezona. The seasonal distribution and infestation percentage was determined in both localities and for both varieties from January to June 2021. Forty plants were randomly sampled per month in a 4-ha area per locality. Roots, stems, basal leaves, and fruits were examined at the plant level. Results: The highest abundance of pineapple mealybugs (D. brevipes sp.) was found in the Cabezona variety. D. brevipes is mainly located in 85.46 and 61.76% of the old leaves of the stem, in the Cabezona and MD2 varieties, respectively. From January to April —when the highest temperatures were recorded—, the population of D. brevipes was moderate, while the highest populations were recorded towards mid-June, when the rains began. Study Limitations/Implications: Climatic variables can affect the evaluation parameters. The immature stages dynamics can limit the interpretation of results. Conclusions: D. brevipes is mostly distributed in the lower parts of the plant. To determine the population fluctuation, predict the total number of insects per plant, and establish their temporal and spatial distribution, the entire production cycle must be considered, as well as the climatic parameters, in order to develop a targeted control strategy on dates of moderate abundance

Propuesta en Supply Chain Management y Logística en la empresa agro veterinaria donde "Richar"

Hablar de Supply Chain Management es analizar la columna vertebral de la empresa de hoy y del futuro, en un mundo tan cambiante y un mercado tan acelerado como el actual, con un sistema de comunicación globalizado y en su mayoría digital, se hace necesario que cada una de las empresas empiece a unificar procesos, a enfatizar más en todas las cadenas de suministro, con la finalidad de controlar adecuadamente cada uno de los procesos y sub procesos de cuna a tumba, siempre enfocados en la gestión eficiente y eficaz hacia el cliente final. En lo transcurrido de este semestre, hemos verificado y analizado cada uno de los procesos que intervienen en la cadena suministro, enfocados a Agro veterinaria donde Richard, con la finalidad de reestructurar y redefinirlos para una mejor gestión de esta. Con el desarrollo de las diferentes unidades son muchas las conclusiones que nos deja este diplomado en Supply Chain Management y logística, desde una perspectiva teórica practica aplicamos cada uno de los conceptos adquiridos, si bien es cierto, no estuvimos en físico en la empresa objeto de estudio, tuvimos acceso a la información necesaria para desarrollar cada una de las actividades de manera satisfactoria, profundizando y aplicando cada uno de los conceptos teóricos, los cuales se presenta de manera individual para demostrar lo mencionado. Para iniciar con el diseño de la cadena de Supply Chain Management y logística debemos conocer a profundidad la organización objeto de estudio, esto nos permite identificar cada uno de los miembros de la red, para posteriormente realizar su diseño de estructura, donde nos permite clasificar cada uno de nuestros proveedores y clientes de acuerdo a su importancia para nuestra organización, este mapa nos permite identificar rápidamente un miembro de nuestra red y aplicar diferentes estrategias de mejoramiento de acuerdo a su ubicación y problemática. En la aplicación de los ocho procesos del Global Supply Chain Fórum (GSCF), es fundamental entenderlos de forma correcta, esta implementación debe ser consecutiva, no se puede permitir restar importancia a ninguno de los procesos, ya que abarca todos los campos de la cadena, desde la adquisición de materias primas hasta el momento que se consume el producto. La evolución tecnológica nos permite automatizar mediante sistemas de algoritmos la toma de decisiones de manera acertada en este caso está la herramienta APICS-SCOR, o Supply Chain Operations Reference Model, mediante su funcionamiento de seis módulos independientes abarca todos los campos de SCM tanto de nuestra organización focal como de nuestros proveedores y clientes. Observando nuestro desempeño logístico frente a los demás países del mundo, de manera general no es buen buena nuestra posición, de acuerdo con Los Índices de Desempeño en Logística del banco mundial, lo cual desde nuestra profesión debemos aportar a este mejoramiento y lógicamente gran parte de este desarrollo lo debe aportar el gobierno mediante su política nacional de logística. Un punto crítico dentro del SCM es el efecto látigo, motivo por el cual se debe tener precaución, una buena lectura y análisis de datos, acceso a la información en tiempo real de nuestros clientes y hacia nuestros proveedores para minimizar este efecto y lógicamente lo que conlleva a definir el mejor punto para manejar nuestro sistema de inventarios de manera centralizada o descentralizada. Un buen diseño de distribución y almacenamiento nos implica una reducción en costos de operación, lo que se traduce en un espacio bien distribuido bajo un sistema optimo, sin realizar mayores inversiones en la organización. Generalmente las organizaciones colombianas son medianas y pequeñas por lo que el tema de modos y medios no son de difícil elección. Es fundamental tener una excelente estrategia de aprovisionamiento y a su vez de distribución, la primera nos permite permanecer con niveles óptimos de inventarios y la segunda la satisfacción de nuestros clientes. Sin duda alguna es primordial estar a la vanguardia en las nuestras mega tendencias que se generan e implementarlas en neutras organizaciones para ser competitivos y quizás no llegar a declinar frente a nuestros competidores.To speak of Supply Chain Management is to analyze the backbone of the company of today and of the future, in a world so changing and a market as accelerated as the current one, with a globalized communication system and mostly digital, it is necessary that each one of the companies begins to unify processes, to emphasize more in all supply chains, in order to properly control each of the processes and sub-processes from cradle to grave, always focused on efficient and effective management towards the end customer . During this semester, we have verified and analyzed each one of the processes involved in the supply chain, focused on Agro veterinaria where Richard, in order to restructure and redefine them for better management of this. With the development of the different units, there are many conclusions that this diploma in Supply Chain Management and logistics leaves us, from a practical theoretical perspective we apply each of the concepts acquired, although it is true, we were not physically in the company object of study, we had access to the necessary information to develop each of the activities satisfactorily, deepening and applying each of the theoretical concepts, which are presented individually to demonstrate the aforementioned. To start with the design of the Supply Chain Management and logistics chain, we must know in depth the organization under study, this allows us to identify each of the members of the network, to later carry out its structure design, where it allows us to classify each one of our suppliers and clients according to their importance to our organization, this map allows us to quickly identify a member of our network and apply different improvement strategies according to their location and problems. In the application of the eight processes of the Global Supply Chain Forum (GSCF), it is essential to understand them correctly, this implementation must be consecutive, it cannot be allowed to downplay any of the processes, since it covers all fields of the chain , from the acquisition of raw materials to the moment the product is consumed. Technological evolution allows us to automate decision-making through algorithm systems in a correct way.In this case, there is the APICS-SCOR tool, or Supply Chain Operations Reference Model, through its operation of six independent modules, it covers all the SCM fields of both our focal organization as well as our suppliers and clients. Observing our logistics performance compared to other countries in the world, in general our position is not good, according to the World Bank's Logistics Performance Indices, which from our profession we must contribute to this improvement and logically much of This development must be provided by the government through its national logistics policy. A critical point within the SCM is the bullwhip effect, which is why caution must be exercised, good reading and data analysis, access to real-time information from our customers and towards our suppliers to minimize this effect and logically what It leads to defining the best point to manage our inventory system in a centralized or decentralized way. A good distribution and storage design implies a reduction in operating costs, which translates into a well-distributed space under an optimal system, without making major investments in the organization. Colombian organizations are generally medium and small, so the issue of ways and means are not difficult to choose. It is essential to have an excellent supply and distribution strategy, the former allows us to maintain optimal inventory levels and the latter the satisfaction of our customers. Without a doubt, it is essential to be at the forefront of our mega trends that are generated and implement them in neutral organizations in order to be competitive and perhaps not decline compared to our competitors

Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease in Primary and Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention Groups

Background: Canagliflozin reduces the risk of kidney failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, but effects on specific cardiovascular outcomes are uncertain, as are effects in people without previous cardiovascular disease (primary prevention). Methods: In CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes With Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation), 4401 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease were randomly assigned to canagliflozin or placebo on a background of optimized standard of care. Results: Primary prevention participants (n=2181, 49.6%) were younger (61 versus 65 years), were more often female (37% versus 31%), and had shorter duration of diabetes mellitus (15 years versus 16 years) compared with secondary prevention participants (n=2220, 50.4%). Canagliflozin reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events overall (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.67-0.95]; P=0.01), with consistent reductions in both the primary (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.49-0.94]) and secondary (HR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.69-1.06]) prevention groups (P for interaction=0.25). Effects were also similar for the components of the composite including cardiovascular death (HR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.61-1.00]), nonfatal myocardial infarction (HR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.59-1.10]), and nonfatal stroke (HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.56-1.15]). The risk of the primary composite renal outcome and the composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure were also consistently reduced in both the primary and secondary prevention groups (P for interaction >0.5 for each outcome). Conclusions: Canagliflozin significantly reduced major cardiovascular events and kidney failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, including in participants who did not have previous cardiovascular disease

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Supplement: "Localization and broadband follow-up of the gravitational-wave transient GW150914" (2016, ApJL, 826, L13)

This Supplement provides supporting material for Abbott et al. (2016a). We briefly summarize past electromagnetic (EM) follow-up efforts as well as the organization and policy of the current EM follow-up program. We compare the four probability sky maps produced for the gravitational-wave transient GW150914, and provide additional details of the EM follow-up observations that were performed in the different bands

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe