Prevalência de doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica apontada por ultrassonografia em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 hospitalizados

Introdução: A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é caracterizada pela infiltração gordurosa do fígado, em indivíduos sem histórico de ingestão significativa de álcool ou de outras doenças hepáticas. A DHGNA é subdividida em fígado gorduroso não alcoólico e esteato-hepatite não alcoólica (NASH). A resistência à insulina e o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) apresentam importante associação com DHGNA. Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de DHGNA, predita por ultrassonografia, em pacientes com DM2 hospitalizados, verificando sua associação com tempo de DM2, comorbidades, terapêutica previamente utilizada, parâmetros antropométricos e controles glicêmico e pressórico. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, realizado nas enfermarias de Clínica Médica e de Endocrinologia do Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro, envolvendo pacientes adultos com DM2. Foram excluídos pacientes com outras hepatopatias diagnosticadas, com histórico de etilismo significativo ou que não quiseram participar da pesquisa. Resultados: A amostra válida foi de 20 pacientes, com média de idade de 62,9 anos (± 10,9). A prevalência de DHGNA foi de 40%. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre DHGNA e maiores níveis de índice de massa corpórea (IMC) (p = 0,025) e de circunferência abdominal (CA) (p = 0,041). Entre as comorbidades, houve relação entre DHGNA e hipotireoidismo (p = 0,049). Conclusão: Apesar das limitações relacionadas ao tamanho da amostra, observa-se que a DHGNA está associada à obesidade central, o que é apontado pelos maiores níveis de IMC e de CA, de forma que uma abordagem multidisciplinar pode impedir o desenvolvimento ou a progressão de DHGNA

Associação entre sarcopenia e história de fraturas em pacientes idosos com diabetes tipo 2

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de sarcopenia em pacientes idosos portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM), verificando sua associação com histórico de fraturas e quedas. Modelo do estudo: Observacional, transversal e analítico. Metodologia: Estudo realizado em hospital universitário de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Envolveu pacientes idosos (≥60 anos) com DM. Foram excluídos aqueles com diagnóstico de osteoporose. O critério preditor de sarcopenia foi a circunferência da panturrilha (CP): <33 cm para mulheres e <34 cm para homens. Resultados: A amostra válida foi de 44 pacientes, todos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 20,4%. Houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre sarcopenia e história de fraturas em traumas de baixa energia (p = 0,022). Não houve diferença entre os grupos com e sem sarcopenia em relação à história de quedas no último ano (p = 0,589). Houve associação entre uso de psicotrópicos e ocorrência de quedas (p = 0,001). A maioria dos achados convergiram para aqueles já presentes na literatura. Conclusão: Apesar da CP não ser, de forma isolada, um método estabelecido para o diagnóstico de sarcopenia, a perda muscular apontada por tal medida mostrou-se associada a histórico de fraturas em idosos com DM2, de forma que essa acessível mensuração pode alertar para iniciar intervenções que possam melhorar a qualidade de vida dos idosos.Objective: Evaluating the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), verifying their association with a history of fractures and falls. Study model: Observational, cross-sectional, and analytical. Method: The study was conducted at a university hospital in Campina Grande, Paraíba. It included elderly patients (≥60 years) with DM. Those with a diagnosis of osteoporosis were excluded. The predictor criterion for sarcopenia was calf circumference (CC): <33 cm for women and <34 cm for men. Results: The valid sample was 44 patients, all with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.4%. There was a statistically significant relationship between sarcopenia and history of fractures in low energy traumas (p=0.022). There was no difference between the groups with and without sarcopenia in relation to the history of falls in the last year (p=0.589). There was an association between the use of psychotropic drugs and the occurrence of falls (p=0.001). Most of the findings converged with those already present in the literature.  Conclusion: Although CC is not an established method for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, muscle loss indicated by this measure has been associated with a history of fractures in the elderly with DM2, so that this accessible measurement can alert to initiate interventions that can improve the quality of life of the elderly

Sarcopenia em pacientes de 40 a 64 anos hospitalizados por insuficiência cardíaca

Introduction: heart failure (HF) and sarcopenia are prevalent and interrelated conditions, being important causes of functional limitations. Objective: to evaluate sarcopenia criteria, and their relationship with cardiometabolic parameters, in patients aged 40–64 years hospitalized for HF. Methodology: Cross-sectional study including patients with established HF. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), considering low ASMM women with ASMM/height² <5.5 kg/m² or ASMM/body mass index (BMI) <0.512 and men with ASMM/height² <7.0 kg/m² or ASMM/BMI <0.789. Low handgrip strength (HGS) was considered when <16 kg in women and <27 kg in men. Results: we evaluated 109 patients (50.5% women), with a median age of 58 years. Low ASMM was found in 41.3% and low HGS in 64.2%, with no significant correlation between HGS and ASMM in either gender. Low ASMM was associated with male gender (68.9% versus 35.9%; p=0.001), older age (60.0 [53.0-63.0] versus 57.0 [51.3-60, 0] years; p=0.039) and higher serum parathyroid hormone (48.0 [30.5-94.4] versus 29.9 [23.0-54.1] pg/mL; p=0.009). Low HGS was associated with greater cardiac symptoms (75.7% with low HGS had a New York Heart Association III-IV functional classification, versus 51.3% of those with normal HGS; p=0.009). Conclusions: there is a relevant prevalence of sarcopenia in patients aged 40–64 years hospitalized for HF, observing a higher frequency of low ASMM in men, an association between low HGS and cardiac symptoms, and higher levels of parathyroid hormone in those with muscle wasting.Introdução: a insuficiência cardíaca (IC) e a sarcopenia são condições prevalentes e inter-relacionadas, figurando como importantes causas de limitações funcionais. Objetivo: avaliar critérios de sarcopenia, e suas relações com parâmetros cardiometabólicos, em pacientes de 40 a 64 anos hospitalizados por IC. Metodologia: estudo de corte transversal com caráter analítico envolvendo indivíduos com IC confirmada. A massa muscular apendicular (MMA) foi avaliada através da absorciometria por raios-X de dupla energia (DXA), considerando-se baixa MMA mulheres com MMA/altura² <5,5 kg/m² ou MMA/índice de massa corporal (IMC) <0,512 e homens com MMA/altura² <7,0 kg/m² ou MMA/IMC <0,789. Baixa força de preensão manual (FPM) foi considerada quando <16 kg em mulheres e <27 kg em homens. Resultados: avaliou-se 109 pacientes (50,5% mulheres), com mediana de idade de 58 anos. Constatou-se baixa MMA em 41,3% e baixa FPM em 64,2%, não havendo correlação significativa entre FPM e MMA em nenhum dos gêneros. Baixa MMA se associou ao gênero masculino (68,9% versus 35,9%; p=0,001), a maiores idades (60,0 [53,0-63,0] versus 57,0 [51,3-60,0] anos; p=0,039) e maiores níveis séricos de paratormônio (48,0 [30,5-94,4] versus 29,9 [23,0-54,1] pg/mL; p=0,009). Baixa FPM se associou a maior sintomatologia cardíaca (75,7% com baixa FPM tinham classificação funcional da New York Heart Association III-IV, versus 51,3% daqueles com FPM normal; p=0,009). Conclusões: há uma relevante prevalência de sarcopenia em pacientes de 40 a 64 anos hospitalizados por IC, observando-se maior frequência de baixa MMA nos homens, associação entre baixa FPM e sintomatologia cardíaca, e maiores níveis de paratormônio naqueles com perda muscular

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v(2), of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)= 2.76TeVwith the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two- and four-particle Q cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v(2) of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0-40%, and on transverse momentum, p(T), is studied in the interval 3 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. A positive v(2) is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Q cumulants in semi-central collisions (10-20% and 20-40% centrality classes) for the p(T) interval from 3 to about 5GeV/c with a significance larger than 3 sigma, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v(2) magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe