On the optimal rank-1 approximation of matrices in the Chebyshev norm

The problem of low rank approximation is ubiquitous in science. Traditionally this problem is solved in unitary invariant norms such as Frobenius or spectral norm due to existence of efficient methods for building approximations. However, recent results reveal the potential of low rank approximations in Chebyshev norm, which naturally arises in many applications. In this paper we tackle the problem of building optimal rank-1 approximations in the Chebyshev norm. We investigate the properties of alternating minimization algorithm for building the low rank approximations and demonstrate how to use it to construct optimal rank-1 approximation. As a result we propose an algorithm that is capable of building optimal rank-1 approximations in Chebyshev norm for small matrices

Studying the Russian Arctic: the experience of political analysis

The authors discuss the main directions of the political science study of the issues of development of northern regions of the country, the theoretical and applied research in the field of strategic management processes of spatial and territorial development of the North and the Russian Arctic. Key areas of political studies on the management of these processes are systematized and summarized, the main external and internal issues of the Arctic and subarctic regions of the country are analized, connected with the quality of the political process control systems of their spatial and social development. The mechanisms of accounting of interests of key actors in the North of Russia are investigated, recommendations for improving process of control mechanisms of spatial and social development of the northern regions of the country are given. The researchers specify the development of a new paradigm of considering the North and the Russian Arctic, involving the recognition of the value of the northern territories, not only as a resource base of the country, but mostly as social formations

Delimitation of Some Taxa of Ulnaria and Fragilaria (Bacillariophyceae) Based on Genetic, Morphological Data and Mating Compatibility

Fragilaria and Ulnaria are two closely related diatom genera for which the delimitation and circumscription of several species is unclear. We studied strains isolated from Lake Baikal and compared them with the species from freshwater reservoirs in Europe and Asia using phylogenetic and species delimitation methods, microscopy and interclonal crossing experiments. The results of the phylogenetic analyses of the fragments of rbcL and 18S rRNA genes revealed that baikalian F. radians clade was independent from the representatives of the genus from other localities. Among Ulnaria we found the following 18S rRNA phylogenetic tree groups at species level: U. acus, U. ulna and U. danica. Genetic distance between genera varied between 3.9-10.2% substitutions in rbcL gene and 3.2-11.5% in 18S rRNA. The boundary between intraspecies and interspecies polymorphism for studied species of Ulnaria and Fragilaria in these marker genes was around 0.8% substitutions. Morphometric characters of individual strains showed their variability and division into F. radians, U. acus and U. ulna together with U. danica. Strains of U. acus and U. danica from different localities of Europe and Asia were sexually compatible inside the species. Sexual reproduction has never been observed in monoclonal cultures, either between this species or with strains of the Fragilaria

Analysis of circulating tumor and cancer stem cells provides new opportunities in diagnosis and treatment of small cell lung cancer

Current methods for diagnosis and treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have only a modest efficacy. In this pilot study, we analyzed circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in patients with SCLC to search for new diagnostic and prognostic markers and novel approaches to improve the treatment of the disease. In other forms of lung cancer, we showed a heterogeneity of blood CTCs and CSCs populations, as well as changes in other cell populations (ALDH+, CD87+CD276+, and EGF+Axl+) in smokers. A number of CTCs and CSCs in patients with SCLC have been shown to be resistant to chemotherapy (CT). High cytotoxic activity and resistance to apoptosis of reprogrammed CD3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes (rTcells) in relation to naive CD3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes was demonstrated in a smoking patient with SCLC (Patient G) in vitro. The target for rTcells was patient G’s blood CSCs. Reprogramming of CD3+CD8+ T-lymphocytes was carried out with the MEK1/2 inhibitor and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway blocker nivolumab. The training procedure was performed with a suspension of dead CTCs and CSCs obtained from patient’s G blood. The presented data show a new avenue for personalized SCLC diagnosis and targeted improvement of chemotherapy based on the use of both CTCs and CSCs

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Bacterial Response of Oil-Degrading Bacteria Consortia to Heavy Oil upon Its Transition to Easy-Flowing Hydrocarbons

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the effect of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria of the re-formed consortia on biodegradation of different heavy oils, their impact on the vital activity of the association (the survival and the preservation of the species composition at an elevated concentration of the initial substrate and its long-term exposure), and the clarification of optimal conditions for their development ensuring the completeness and intensity of the oxidation of viscous and extra-viscous fluids under controlled cultivation mode. We found that the microorganisms being combined into consortia subject to their compatibility with each other could split aromatics and polycyclic hydrocarbons in addition to long-chain aliphatic ones, including asphaltenes and resins. We observed changes in the qualitative composition of microflora resulted from the effect of high doses of viscous oil: from rod-like and coccoid Chromobacterium, Flavobacterium, Brevibacterium, and Micrococcus to Pseudomonas, with the genus Bacillus dominating. These changes are largely due the composition and type of fluids from different viscous oil deposits used in the experiments. Aqueous medium with high salinity up to 248 g/dm 3 does not inhibit growth and developments of the consortia od hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. The biogenic elements in the form of (NH 4 ) 2 NO 3 , NH 4 NO 3 added into the medium in the amount of up to 30 mg/l, as well as glutamic, succinic, oxaloacetic, and pyruvic acid, valine, alanine, glucose and maltose in the ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1, and at a concentration of 35·10 -6 М intensify the destruction of heavy oil with its further transition to more movable hydrocarbons

Late Neolithic Complex of the Gulyukovo I Site in the Lower Kama Region

The article features an analysis of the Neolithic portion of the Gulyukovo I site – a multilayer monument of the Neolithic and Late Bronze Age periods. The Neolithic ceramics discovered at the site is classified into three groups: comb ceramics of the Kama culture, spindle ceramics of the Tatar-Azibey type, and ceramics with notches (toothed ceramics) dating back to various time periods throughout the entire Neolithic. As a result of a comparing these types of ceramics with similar materials from the Neolithic sites of the Kama region and the Ik and Belaya interfluves area, the authors concluded that they correspond to the late Neolithitic period. At the same time, the comb ceramic complex from the Gulyukovo I site presumably dates back to the early Levshino stage of the Kama culture – middle or third quarter of 5th millennium B.C., which is evidenced by a series of similar features determined after the dating value was adjusted. The authors suppose that the complex of spindle ceramics of the Tatar-Azibey type corresponds to a later chronological period. On the basis of its analogies it can be dated late 5th – early 4th millennia B.C. after the adjustment

GIXRD data

All GIXRD data used in the paper, i.e. GIXRD for KNN with and without salt flux on 100 STO, 110 STO and 111 STO. In addition to this there is GIXRD data on KNN-E-100 thin film heat treated at 700, 800 and 900 degrees celsius (as referred to in the paper)