Vasari biografo di se stesso

In un testo pubblicato nel 1998, John Shearman osservò acutamente che si può conoscere meglio la personalità del Vasari leggendo quanto egli scrive di altri artisti. Oltre al proposito evidente di servire alla promozione della politica culturale della corte di Cosimo I de’Medici, le strategie di scrittura delle vite vasariane devono essere comprese considerando l’invenzione come forma di edificazione morale, tesa a dare rilievo a artisti, caratteri, scelte professionali e comportamenti, che contribuirono a elevare la posizione sociale della professione artistica; e manipolazione, non sempre cosciente, di inclinazioni personali, dielementi fittizi e commenti che servono a fini personali, innanzitutto a promuovere l’immagine e la dignità dell’autore

Assessment of trabecular bone score (TBS) in overweight/obese men: effect of metabolic and anthropometric factors

The "trabecular bone score" (TBS) indirectly explores bone quality, independently of bone mineral density (BMD). We investigated the effects of anthropometric and metabolic parameters on TBS in 87 overweight/obese men. We assessed BMD and TBS by DXA, and some parameters of glucose metabolism, sex-and calciotropic hormone levels. Regression models were adjusted for either age and BMI, or age and waist circumference, or age and waist/hip ratio, also considering BMI >35 (y/n) and metabolic syndrome (MS) (y/n). Correlations between TBS and parameters studied were higher when correcting for waist circumference, although not significant in subjects with BMI >35. The analysis of covariance showed that the same model always had a higher adjusted r-square index. BMD at lumbar spine and total hip, fasting glucose, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin are the only covariates having a significant effect (p 35 on TBS values or significant interaction terms between each covariate and either BMI >35 or the presence of MS. Obesity negatively affected TBS, despite unchanged BMD. Alterations of glucose homeostasis and sex hormone levels seem to influence this relationship, while calciotropic hormones have no role. The effect of waist circumference on TBS is more pronounced than that of BMI

La fábrica de ficciones. El pasado amerindio en la cultura artística brasileña

Gli autori presentano una panoramica sull’uso e sulle interpretazioni del passato indigeno da parte della cultura brasiliana dominante con particolare attenzione alle relazioni tra arti figurative, letteratura, etnografia e al recupero delle tecniche e delle forme dell’arte amerindia.The authors present an overview of the use and interpretations of the indigenous past by the dominant Brazilian culture with particular attention to the relationships between figurative arts, literature, ethnography and the recovery of the techniques and forms of Amerindian art.Los autores presentan una visión general del uso y las interpretaciones del pasado indígena por parte de la cultura brasileña dominante con especial atención a las relaciones entre las artes figurativas, la literatura, la etnografía y la recuperación de técnicas y formas artísticas amerindias

Os retratos de Maria Isabel e Maria Francisca de Bragança, de Nicolas-Antoine Taunay

Nicolas-Antoine Taunay, French landscape painter, produced also several portraits during his stay at the Rio de Janeiro Court. In this city, in 1816, he paints the queen Carlota Joaquina and all her daughters. In this group, two portraits have a very special way: the paintings still today catalogued as Maria Francisca and Maria Teresa, but probably being Maria Isabel and Maria Francisca de Assis - princesses that, in this year, left Brazil to marry the Spanish King Fernando VII, and his brother Carlos Maria Isidro de Bourbon. In this article, beyond to describe these portraits (and analyse the identities of the portrayed princesses), I analyse their functions in the Court society and the mains artists of this gender in Europe. I will discuss, as well, the hypothesis about the Taunay choices. In this sense, I will analyse the possible circulation of the typologies of portrait between Italy, Portugal, Spain and France, understanding these productions by Taunay and the functions occupied by these portraits in the political relations between Brazil and Europe.Nicolas-Antoine Taunay, pintor de paisagens francês, também realizou alguns retratos durante sua estadia na corte do Rio de Janeiro. Nessa cidade, em 1816, ele pinta a rainha Carlota Joaquina e todas as suas filhas. Nesse conjunto, dois retratos sobressaem-se de modo especial: os hoje ainda inventariados como de Maria Francisca e de Maria Teresa, mas que provavelmente são o de Maria Isabel e o de Maria Francisca de Assis - princesas que, nesse ano, deixavam o Brasil para casar-se, respectivamente, com Fernando VII, o rei espanhol, e com seu irmão Carlos Isidro de Bourbon. Neste artigo, além de descrevermos os retratos (e analisarmos a questão da identidade das princesas retratadas), abordamos suas funções na sociedade das cortes e os principais artistas do gênero na Europa. Discutimos, também, as hipóteses que permeiam as escolhas de Taunay para sua execução. Nesse sentido, tratamos da possível circulação de tipologias entre Itália, Portugal, Espanha e França, buscando entender a forma como Taunay os realizou e as funções que doravante tais retratos ocupariam nas relações entre o Brasil e a Europa.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Da Palavra à Imagem: sobre o programa decorativo de Affonso Taunay para o Museu Paulista

O presente artigo analisa a decoraçÃo interna do Museu Paulista, criada e implementada por Affonso d'Escagnolle Taunay durante sua gestÃo como diretor daquela instituiçÃo, procurando compreender as estratégias utilizadas por ele para traduzir suas convicções teóricas em uma linguagem visual convincente. A autora analisa ainda os vínculos do projeto proposto por Taunay com a vasta tradiçÃo de ciclos decorativos europeus e, mais especificamente, com os projetos de construçÃo de uma identidade nacional através da pintura, defendida por alguns artistas ligados à Academia de Belas Artes durante o século XIX

Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map

We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)

In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. For example, a key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process versus those that measure fl ux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process including the amount and rate of cargo sequestered and degraded). In particular, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation must be differentiated from stimuli that increase autophagic activity, defi ned as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (inmost higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium ) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the fi eld understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. It is worth emphasizing here that lysosomal digestion is a stage of autophagy and evaluating its competence is a crucial part of the evaluation of autophagic flux, or complete autophagy. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. Along these lines, because of the potential for pleiotropic effects due to blocking autophagy through genetic manipulation it is imperative to delete or knock down more than one autophagy-related gene. In addition, some individual Atg proteins, or groups of proteins, are involved in other cellular pathways so not all Atg proteins can be used as a specific marker for an autophagic process. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field

Les Muses de Tijuca : Portugais et Français à Rio de Janeiro

The historiography of art in Brazil generally views the arrival of the « French Artistic Mission » as a milestone for its disruption of the colonial tradition and the introduction of elements associated with modernity: educational institutions, public exhibitions, and art criticism. However, this notion can be misleading if one considers the culture of figurative art that existed within the Portuguese colonial empire, obfuscating the formation of a Luso-Brazilian artistic civilization that linked characteristics derived from social and religious facets of the colonial regime to renewal efforts stemming from enlightened reformism. This article contributes to an understanding of the tensions between the French artists and the Portuguese cultural community in Brazil in light of the crown’s art promotion policies that prevailed following the transfer of the court to Rio de Janeiro and that led eventually to the creation of institutional models inspired by France

Arqueología, etnografía y el contexto artístico en Brasil en el Segundo Reinado: las obras de los escultores Ferdinand Pettrich y Louis Rochet

Resumen Siguiendo el trabajo anterior sobre la Expedición Científica de Exploración de la Sección de Arqueología y Etnografía del Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileño, en ese texto será evidenciada la relación entre la ilustración etnográfica y la producción artística promovida por la corte del emperador Don Pedro II y por el Academia Imperial de Bellas Artes de Rio de Janeiro. En particular, serán tratados dos casos: las esculturas figurando indios norte-americanos ejecutadas por el alemán Ferdinand Pettrich en Estados Unidos entre 1835 y 1845, re-elaboradas durante la estada brasileña del artista hasta 1857 y donadas al papa Pio IX, hoy en el Museo Etnologico Missionario en Ciudad del Vaticano. El caso más relevante para nuestro análisis, sin embargo, es el del monumento ecuestre de Don Pedro I realizado por el escultor francés Louis Rochet en Rio de Janeiro entre 1857 y 1862, en que la ilustración etnográfica se une con intenciones conmemorativas y soluciones estéticas de fuerte impacto para el arte de la época