Slip boundary conditions for shear flow of polymer melts past atomically flat surfaces

Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to investigate the dynamic behavior of the slip length in thin polymer films confined between atomically smooth thermal surfaces. For weak wall-fluid interactions, the shear rate dependence of the slip length acquires a distinct local minimum followed by a rapid growth at higher shear rates. With increasing fluid density, the position of the local minimum is shifted to lower shear rates. We found that the ratio of the shear viscosity to the slip length, which defines the friction coefficient at the liquid/solid interface, undergoes a transition from a nearly constant value to the power law decay as a function of the slip velocity. In a wide range of shear rates and fluid densities, the friction coefficient is determined by the product of the value of surface induced peak in the structure factor and the contact density of the first fluid layer near the solid wall.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figure

Explanation and Evaluation of a Four Step Model for Crisis Management Planning Process

The aim of this paper is to assess the crisis management planning process based on a four step's model at South West Power Generation Management Company in IRAN. In this research, the plan of company was assessed to meet contingent crisis based on crisis management planning process containing: finding risks and vulnerable issues, preparing plans and scenarios to meet crises organizing and training management team, and performing plans experimentally. The method of research was descriptive-analytical and statistical population included all 48 personnel of the company in different job levels (Top, Middle, and Executive) who were conferred in a referendum. Research tool as a questionnaire of 27 questions with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient 0.95 prepared to plan crisis management. This research was conducted by performing a chi-square test to assess questions and “One-variable (t)” test to evaluate hypothesis of research, regard to the complexities of social and human relationships, technologies used in the industry, national and international regulations, climate and region conditions and other effective factors, occurring crisis is seemed as usual and inseparable in the life period of that organization. Thus, the production affairs, human resources and the credit of the organization has been affected and even misguided in their principle goals due to these crises. Therefore, it was revealed the analysis of the findings of this research was weak in comparison with that of theoretical findings.Key words: Crisis management team; Plans and executive scenarios; Quick responds; Crisis management planningRésumé Le but de ce texte est d'évaluer le processus de planification de gestion de crise repose sur un modèle en quatre étapes au sud Power Company West Management génération en IRAN. Dans cette recherche, le plan d'entreprise a été évaluée pour répondre à la crise contingente repose sur la gestion de crise du processus de planification contenant: trouver risques et des enjeux vulnérables, préparation des plans et des scénarios pour répondre aux crises organisation et la formation d'équipe de gestion, et l'exécution des plans expérimentalement. La méthode de recherche a été descriptive-analytique et de la population statistique comprenait tous les 48 du personnel de l'entreprise dans les niveaux d'emploi différentes (haut, milieu et exécutif) qui ont été conférés à un référendum. Outil de recherche comme un questionnaire de 27 questions avec 0,95 Cronbach Alpha coefficient de prêts à un plan de gestion de crise. Cette recherche a été menée en effectuant un test du chi-carré pour évaluer les questions et "à une variable (t)" essai pour évaluer l'hypothèse de recherche, qui concerne la complexité des relations sociales et humaines, les technologies utilisées dans l'industrie, réglementations nationales et internationales , le climat et les conditions de la région et d'autres facteurs efficaces, la crise se produise est paru comme d'habitude et inséparables dans la période de la vie de cette organisation. Ainsi, les affaires de production, ressources humaines et le crédit de l'organisation a été touchée et même erronée dans leurs objectifs de principe à cause de ces crises. Par conséquent, il a été révélé l'analyse des résultats de cette recherche a été faible en comparaison avec celle des résultats théoriques. Mots clés: Equipe de gestion de crise; Les plans et scénarios exécutif; Response rapide; Planification de la gestion des crise

Comparing evaluation of pin bone machinery in the Silver Carp fillet

Pin bone removing is a new equipment for pin-bone removal increase customer satisfaction and revenue even further the bones were pulled out at good speed. Pin boning especially is very often done manually which causes lots of global transports to low cost countries for processing new technique will help make processing operations more efficient and profitable The new generation pin bone removing equipment is mainly for trout and is not suitable for carp fishes the new pin bone remover which works with air of compressor and hand. has proved to work in almost twenty different fish species, including Great silver smelt, Pike Perch, Coho, Sockeye salmon, Atlantic Salmon, Sea Trout, Saithe, Haddock, Herring, Whitefish, Chinook, Salmon, Perch, Rainbow Trout, Char, Mackerel and Hake. Therefore it will be suitable for carp fishes too. After a day’s work all vital parts can be removed by hand without any tools, for effective cleaning to the fish and gives nice looking filets and is determined to help processors by offering state of the art bone-removing equipment which will increase speed, yield and efficiency. But pin bone removing done manually does not give a nice looking fillet also has a considerable waste of fish

Impact of protein domains on PE_PGRS30 polar localization in Mycobacteria

PE_PGRS proteins are unique to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and a number of other pathogenic mycobacteria. PE_PGRS30, which is required for the full virulence of M. tuberculosis (Mtb), has three main domains, i.e. an N-terminal PE domain, repetitive PGRS domain and the unique C-terminal domain. To investigate the role of these domains, we expressed a GFP-tagged PE_PGRS30 protein and a series of its functional deletion mutants in different mycobacterial species (Mtb, Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium smegmatis) and analysed protein localization by confocal microscopy. We show that PE_PGRS30 localizes at the mycobacterial cell poles in Mtb and M. bovis BCG but not in M. smegmatis and that the PGRS domain of the protein strongly contributes to protein cellular localization in Mtb. Immunofluorescence studies further showed that the unique C-terminal domain of PE_PGRS30 is not available on the surface, except when the PGRS domain is missing. Immunoblot demonstrated that the PGRS domain is required to maintain the protein strongly associated with the non-soluble cellular fraction. These results suggest that the repetitive GGA-GGN repeats of the PGRS domain contain specific sequences that contribute to protein cellular localization and that polar localization might be a key step in the PE_PGRS30-dependent virulence mechanism

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups