Planeamiento estratégico para la Empresa Peruana Productora de Electricidad

Este plan estratégico se ha desarrollado para una empresa pública generadora de energía eléctrica, que por razones de confidencialidad ha sido denominada Empresa Peruana Productora de Energía (EPPE). Cuenta con 291 trabajadores y dos centros generadores, uno a base de energía hidroeléctrica y el otro de energía térmica, lo que le permite ocupar el tercer lugar en la producción nacional de electricidad. Ha mermado su participación de mercado, en la medida en que no ha podido incrementar su potencia instalada al no disponer de capital financiero. Se proyecta que al 2025 la empresa será líder, brindando seguridad y energía de calidad, a clientes directos y a empresas distribuidoras, con responsabilidad social. Para ello buscará alcanzar una participación de mercado del 22% en la generación eléctrica en el Perú, utilizando únicamente fuentes de energía renovable. En una búsqueda por incrementar sus utilidades y en un mercado donde el precio a las distribuidoras es establecido por el ente regulador, alcanzará ventas por S/ 550 millones, con lo cual contribuirá a obtener un índice de rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio superior al 20% en el año 2025. Para alcanzar la Visión se han diseñado las siguientes estrategias: (a) penetrar en el mercado, ampliando la potencia instalada, (b) penetrar en el mercado de las zonas rurales aledañas a los centros de operación, (c) diversificarse al generar energía térmica, (d) penetrar en el mercado de venta directa al Estado, (e) integrarse verticalmente hacia adelante con distribución, y (f) desarrollar el mercado de clientes directos, ampliando la cobertura y los sectores que se atiendenThis strategic plan has been developed for a public company generating electric power, which for reasons of confidentiality has been called Peruvian Company Production of Energy (EPPE). It has 291 employees and two generators centers, one based on hydropower and other thermal power, allowing you to take third place in the national electricity production. It has reduced its market share, to the extent that he has not been able to increase its installed capacity in the absence of financial capital. It is projected that in 2025 the company will be leader, providing energy security and quality, to direct customers and distributors, with corporate social responsibility. For it seek to achieve a market share of 22% in electricity generation in Peru, using only renewable energy sources. In a quest to increase profits in a market where the price to distributors is set by the regulator, reaching sales for S/ 550 million in order to obtain 20% of return over equity in 2025. To achieve the Vision has been designed the following strategies: (a) penetrate Peruvian market, increasing production, (b) penetrate rural areas around production sites, (c) diversify, generating thermic energy, (d) penetrate direct selling market to government, (e) vertically integrate forward with distribution, (f) develop direct customer market, increasing coverage and industriesTesi

Diagnóstico operativo de la Empresa Cervecera del Perú

En la actualidad las empresas deben estar permanentemente analizadas en su propuesta de valor, dado que finalmente el tipo de producto, su calidad y atributos hacen que sea valorado y consumido por los clientes, generando por lo tanto ventajas competitivas y comparativas para la subsistencia empresarial. Para ello, uno de los enfoques principales es el análisis de los procesos que conducen la transformación de insumos a productos, con las características y atributos que satisfagan las necesidades y expectativas de los clientes. Mediante el Diagnóstico Operativo Empresarial, se logra analizar identificar los principales procesos y proponer cambios que incrementen la propuesta de valor de los productos y por lo tanto soporten el crecimiento sostenible de la empresa. El presente trabajo realizado a la Empresa Cervecera del Perú (ECP), ubicado en Lima Peru, se centra en la producción de bebidas no alcohólicas jarabeadas y de malteadas, con una producción de 2’755,905 Hl en el año 2016 y un volumen de ventas de S/146 millones en dichas bebidas, aborda los procesos de diseño, planificación, operación, cadena de suministro, gestión de la calidad y mantenimiento proponiendo mejoras que conduzcan al incremento de la propuesta de valor de la empresa. Dichas mejoras permitirán incrementar la eficiencia operativa de ECP mediante balances de línea, cambios en la configuración de la disposición de planta, mejora en la administración de inventarios y procesos que permitirían un impacto significativo positivo en la reducción de los costos operativos. Con las mejoras propuestas se generarían beneficios por S/ 60.34 y ahorros por S/ 6.04, con un costo de implementación ascendente a S/ 28.12 millones. Asimismo, se contempla la propuesta de una alternativa de menor costo en S/ 13.17 millones, en la sección de Ubicación de Planta, para resolver los problemas de agua para producciónAt present, companies must be permanently analyzed in their value proposition, since finally the type of product, its quality and attributes make it valued and consumed by the customers, thus generating competitive and comparative advantages for the business subsistence. For this, one of the main approaches is the analysis of the processes that lead the transformation of inputs to products, with the characteristics and attributes that satisfy the needs and expectations of the customers. Through the Business Operational Diagnosis, it is possible to analyze the main processes and propose changes that increase the value proposition of the products and therefore support the sustainable growth of the company. The present work carried out to the Peruvian Brewing Company (ECP), located in Lima Peru, focuses on the production of syrup and malt non-alcoholic beverages, with a production of 2'755,905 Hl in 2016 and a sales volume of S/ 146 million in these beverages, it addresses the processes of design, planning, operation, supply chain, quality management and maintenance proposing improvements that lead to the increase of the value proposal of the company. These improvements will increase the operational efficiency of ECP through line balances, changes in the layout of the plant layout, improved inventory management and processes that would have a significant positive impact on the reduction of operating costs. With the proposed improvements, profits would be generated for S/ 60.34 and savings for S/ 6.04, with a cost of S/ 28.12 million. Likewise, it is contemplated the proposal of a lower cost alternative in S/ 13.17 million, in the section of Plant Location, to solve the problems of water for productionTesi

Hipofisitis e insuficiencia suprarrenal secundaria asociada a pembrolizumab

Introducción: los inhibidores de puntos de control inmunológico (IPCI) hacen parte del arsenal terapéutico contra diferentes tipos de tumores sólidos, demostrando su utilidad contra melanoma metastásico, estadio III. En Colombia, para esta indicación se cuenta con la aprobación de anticuerpos contra el antígeno 4 de los linfocitos T citotóxicos (anti-CTLA-4) y de anticuerpos contra el receptor de muerte celular programada 1 (anti-PD-1). Se han descrito eventos adversos inmunomediados, siendo las endocrinopatías uno de los más frecuentes. La hipofisitis se asocia comúnmente con terapia anti CTLA-4, siendo rara la presentación en pacientes con terapia con anti-PD-1, presentándose, en estos últimos, cuadros clínicos más larvados e inespecíficos, pero cuyas manifestaciones pueden ser graves. Objetivo: presentar un caso clínico que ilustra un efecto adverso endocrinológico, asociado a tratamiento con inmunoterapia, en paciente con melanoma metastásico, para tener en cuenta cuando se use este grupo de medicamentos. Presentación del caso: el presente artículo informa del caso de un paciente masculino de 81 años con cuadro de hipofisitis con reacción adversa grado 3, por insuficiencia suprarrenal secundaria al uso de pembrolizumab, como parte del tratamiento de un melanoma metastásico pulmonar. Debutó con síntomas generales de astenia, náuseas, hiporexia e hiponatremia hipotónica normovolémica con niveles bajos de cortisol y con ACTH (hormona adrenocorticotrópica) inapropiadamente normal. Requirió manejo intrahospitalario con glucocorticoides, con respuesta adecuada clínica y paraclínica al tratamiento. Discusión y conclusiones: los tratamientos de inmunoterapia en pacientes con enfermedad neoplásica cada vez son más utilizados y pueden llevar al desarrollo de eventos adversos. Se presenta, en el caso clínico, un evento de toxicidad por pembrolizumab que causa una insuficiencia adrenal secundaria aislada. Esta es una situación poco común y suele presentarse con una clínica inespecífica por lo que debemos tener alto nivel de sospecha para brindar un adecuado manejo; la demora para iniciar el tratamiento con corticoides tiene consecuencias en el paciente

Consenso nacional de expertos: definición de criterios diagnósticos, terapéuticos y de seguimiento de la enfermedad de Cushing en pacientes colombianos

Contexto: la enfermedad de Cushing es una enfermedad poco común en la población general, con una evolución clínica insidiosa, lo cual genera un reto para el diagnóstico oportuno a partir de la sospecha clínica. Al tener en cuenta el origen de la enfermedad, dado por la presencia de un tumor hipofisario secretor de la hormona adrenocorticótropa (ACTH); el tratamiento debe estar dirigido a lograr el control bioquímico y la resección de la masa tumoral. El seguimiento del paciente, orientado a vigilar el control de la enfermedad y detectar de forma temprana el desarrollo de comorbilidades, es un aspecto clave en el manejo adecuado de la enfermedad. Objetivo: definir criterios para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de la enfermedad de Cushing en pacientes colombianos. Metodología: se realizó un consenso tipo Delphi modificado con un grupo multidisciplinario de expertos en el manejo del paciente con enfermedad de Cushing (médicos endocrinólogos y neurocirujanos), donde la dirección del consenso fue realizada por un médico farmacólogo clínico. Los resultados fueron analizados y discutidos y, a partir de la consecución de consensos, se presenta una serie de recomendaciones en los diferentes apartados de la enfermedad de Cushing. Resultados: se generaron recomendaciones basadas en la opinión de expertos para el abordaje del paciente con enfermedad de Cushing, incluyendo los aspectos de sospecha clínica, diagnóstico bioquímico e imagenológico, tratamiento mediante intervención quirúrgica, alternativas de tratamiento farmacológico, radiocirugía y seguimiento del paciente. Conclusiones: en Colombia, es importante fortalecer el conocimiento médico desde la atención primaria hasta el especialista con alta experticia en temas como el correcto diagnóstico, el manejo y el seguimiento del paciente con enfermedad de Cushing para lograr la detección temprana de la enfermedad y disminuir la progresión de las comorbilidades asociadas

Consenso colombiano para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento del hipotiroidismo en población adulta

Contexto: el hipotiroidismo se define como un síndrome caracterizado por múltiples manifestaciones sistémicas, donde cualquiera de los componentes del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-tiroides puede estar comprometido; es una entidad altamente prevalente que puede afectar a diferentes poblaciones, independiente de su grupo etario y de sus condiciones biológicas; no obstante, la inespecificidad de sus síntomas y evolución clínica insidiosa generan un reto en la práctica clínica diaria para el oportuno y adecuado diagnóstico, tratamiento o seguimiento de la enfermedad. Independientemente de su etiología y clasificación, actualmente el tratamiento de elección es la levotiroxina (con el objetivo de alcanzar el control bioquímico). Finalmente, el seguimiento del paciente con hipotiroidismo es fundamental para garantizar el control adecuado, el cual permitirá detectar oportunamente las posibles comorbilidades asociadas. Objetivo: definir los criterios para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento del hipotiroidismo en Colombia. Metodología: se realizó un consenso tipo Delphi modificado, para ello se escogió un panel de médicos endocrinólogos colombianos, expertos en el manejo de las patologías tiroideas. Los resultados fueron analizados y discutidos a partir en consenso y se resumieron las conclusiones y las recomendaciones en los diferentes aspectos relacionados con el hipotiroidismo. Resultados: se obtuvieron las recomendaciones para el abordaje del paciente con hipotiroidismo en Colombia, incluyendo desde la sospecha clínica, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento, hasta el seguimiento del paciente con la enfermedad, además se generaron consideraciones en poblaciones especiales desde la perspectiva del sistema de salud nacional. Conclusiones: en Colombia es importante disminuir la variabilidad en la práctica clínica diaria, así como fortalecer el conocimiento del personal médico, desde el escenario de atención primaria hasta la atención de alta complejidad, respecto al diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento del paciente con hipotiroidismo, con el objetivo de brindar un manejo oportuno y adecuado de la enfermedad

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019 : A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target—1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023—we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45·8 (95% uncertainty interval 44·2–47·5) in 1990 to 60·3 (58·7–61·9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2·6% [1·9–3·3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010–2019 relative to 1990–2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0·79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388·9 million (358·6–421·3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3·1 billion (3·0–3·2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968·1 million [903·5–1040·3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people—the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close—or how far—all populations are in benefiting from UHC

Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target—1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023—we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45·8 (95% uncertainty interval 44·2–47·5) in 1990 to 60·3 (58·7–61·9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2·6% [1·9–3·3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010–2019 relative to 1990–2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0·79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388·9 million (358·6–421·3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3·1 billion (3·0–3·2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968·1 million [903·5–1040·3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people—the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close—or how far—all populations are in benefiting from UHC