Závislosť digitálneho obrazu textúry materiálu od vlnovej dĺžky svetelného zdroja

The article deals with methodology of measuring the influence of light source spectre on digital image of material texture. Special original measurement system was used for creating special texture images at various lighting conditions. Structure and principle of functioning of the system are described in the article. In the conclusion a relation between the lighting and wave length on the texture quality is examined using a correlation method.Článok sa zaoberá metodikou merania vplyvu spektra svetelného zdroja na digitálny obraz textúry materiálu. Na tvorbu špeciálnych obrazov textúry pri rôznych podmienkach osvetlenia bol použitý pôvodný merací systém. Štruktúra a princíp činnosti tohto systému sú v článku popísané. Záverom je korelačnou analýzou skúmaný vzťah intenzity osvetlenia a vlnovej dĺžky na kvalitu textúry

Antibiotic-Treated SPF Mice as a Gnotobiotic Model

Decontamination of specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice of BALB/c line was accomplished by administration of amoxicillin per os potentiated with potassium clavulanate at a dose of 387.11 mg/kg body weight and ciprofloxacin administered s.c. at a dose of 18.87 mg/kg body weight every 12 h for 5 days. This resulted in a decreased viability of microorganisms in feces and the cecal content of mice and decreased counts of cultivable microorganisms in the feces, which by day 3 of study declined below the recovery level and to the reduction of animal microbiota to two detected cultivable species, namely Escherichia coli (GenBank KX086704) and Enterococcus sp. (GenBank KX086705). Convalescence of decontaminated animals under gnotobiotic conditions for 10 days prevented restoration of species diversity of mice microbiota and sufficed to return the metabolic, hematological and morphological values to the physiological range. It also restored the fermentative activity of the intestine to the level similar to that observed before antibiotic treatment. Animals subjected to this procedure can be used in further studies. As a result, we created a mouse gnoto model with reduced and controlled microbiota without alteration of the overall health status of the respective animals

Unravelling the basic concepts and intents of misbehavior in post-truth society

Objective: To explore the definitions and connections between the terms misinformation, disinformation, fake news, rumors, hoaxes, propaganda and related forms of misbehavior in the online environment. Anotherobjective is to infer the intent of the authors, where relevant.Design/Methodology/Approach: A conceptual analysis of three hundred fifty articles or monographies from all types of disciplines with a priority of the articles focused on terminological analysis was being utilized. A conceptual map of the terminology that is relevant to the post-truth era was created. In the case of the lack of agreement, the etymology of the terms, utilizing dictionaries, terminological databases and encyclopedias,was favored.Results/Discussion: The approach made possible to delimit the borders between the core terms of posttruth society and to classify them according to the intents of the authors: power (influence), money, fun, sexual harassment, hate/discord, ignorance, passion and socialization. These features were identified to be able to differentiate the concepts: falsity (misleadingness, deceptiveness, lack of verification), accuracy, completeness, currency, medium, intent and analyzable unit. The conceptual map, summarizing and visualizing our findings is attached in the article.Conclusions: We argued that disinformation and misinformation are different terms with different authors and intents in the online environment. Likewise, fake news was delimitated as species of disinformation, which is limited by the medium and financial intent. The intent of hoaxers is rather the amusement of the authors or to spread discord between different groups of society. The intent and analyzable units as statement, claim, article, message, event, story and narrative that were identified in the literature, are crucial for the understanding and communication between social (human) scientists and computer scientists in order to better detect and mitigate various types of false information.Originality/Value: The study provides a theoretical background for detecting, analyzing and mitigating false information and misbehavior

ISG20L2: an RNA nuclease regulating T cell activation.

ISG20L2, a 3' to 5' exoribonuclease previously associated with ribosome biogenesis, is identified here in activated T cells as an enzyme with a preferential affinity for uridylated miRNA substrates. This enzyme is upregulated in T lymphocytes upon TCR and IFN type I stimulation and appears to be involved in regulating T cell function. ISG20L2 silencing leads to an increased basal expression of CD69 and induces greater IL2 secretion. However, ISG20L2 absence impairs CD25 upregulation, CD3 synaptic accumulation and MTOC translocation towards the antigen-presenting cell during immune synapsis. Remarkably, ISG20L2 controls the expression of immunoregulatory molecules, such as AHR, NKG2D, CTLA-4, CD137, TIM-3, PD-L1 or PD-1, which show increased levels in ISG20L2 knockout T cells. The dysregulation observed in these key molecules for T cell responses support a role for this exonuclease as a novel RNA-based regulator of T cell function.This study was supported by grant P2022/BMD7209- INTEGRAMUNE from the Comunidad de Madrid, a grant from “La Caixa” Banking Foundation (HR17-00016) to FS-M; the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PDC2021-121719-I00 and PID2020-120412RB-I00 to FS-M), grant from AECC, CIBER Cardiovascular (CB16/11/00272, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER). The Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Pro-CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MINECO award SEV-2015- 0505). Vaňáčová’s laboratory is supported by the Czech Science Foundation (20-19617S and 23-07372S to S.V.) and the institutional support CEITEC 2020 (LQ1601). ARG and SGD are supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Universities. Funding agencies do not have intervened in the design of the studies, with no copyright over the study.S

Comparing Notes: Recording and Criticism

This chapter charts the ways in which recording has changed the nature of music criticism. It both provides an overview of the history of recording and music criticism, from the advent of Edison’s Phonograph to the present day, and examines the issues arising from this new technology and the consequent transformation of critical thought and practice

Wider Still and Wider: British Music Criticism since the Second World War

This chapter provides the first historical examination of music criticism in Britain since the Second World War. In the process, it also challenges the simplistic prevailing view of this being a period of decline from a golden age in music criticism

Algae and cyanobacteria colonizing toxic soils on coal-mining dumps

Species composition of soil algal and cyanobacterial communities was investigated in thirteen sites of different toxicity of spoil material on dumps in the Sokolov mining area (Czech Republic). The adaptation ability of various algal and cyanobacterial species to live in toxic environment and the effect of different amendments (wooden coal, organic matter, dolomitic limestone) of toxic soils were tested both in laboratory and field experiments. According to results, species composition corresponded to environmental characteristic (pH, conductivity, substrate type). Some green unicellular algae grew successfully in extracts from the most toxic substrate and seemed to be well adapted to low pH conditions. Results indicate that increase of pH is a basic precondition for the establishment of more diverse and abundant algal flora in highly acidic sites