23 research outputs found
CARGA IMEDIATA EM IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS: AVALIAÇÃO DOS RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS E BIOLÓGICOS A CURTO E A LONGO PRAZO.
The present study aims to review the clinical and biological results associated with immediate loading of dental implants, addressing current evidence available in the scientific literature. An extensive literature review was carried out to identify relevant studies regarding the proposal of the present study. Electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and Google Scholar, were consulted to obtain published articles. Immediate loading, defined as the application of functional loading immediately after implant installation, represents a significant advance in clinical dental practice. However, more research is needed to validate these findings and to guide evidence-based clinical decisions and promote better results for patients undergoing this treatment modality. Ultimately, this study contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge in the area of dental implants, providing a basis for the development of more effective and personalized clinical protocols. Despite the evident benefits in terms of reducing treatment time and improving patients' quality of life, challenges such as peri-implant complications and marginal bone loss are discussed, emphasizing the need for careful case selection and rigorous monitoring to ensure satisfactory long-term results. This article highlights the importance of individualized, evidence-based assessment when implementing immediate loading of dental implants.O presente estudo possui como objetivo revisar os resultados clínicos e biológicos associados à carga imediata em implantes dentários, abordando evidências atuais disponíveis na literatura científica. Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura para identificar estudos relevantes acerca da proposta do presente estudo. Bases de dados eletrônicas, como PubMed, Scopus, SciELO e Google Scholar, foram consultadas para obter artigos publicados. A carga imediata, definida como a aplicação de carga funcional imediatamente após a instalação do implante, representa um avanço significativo na prática clínica odontológica. No entanto, é necessário realizar mais pesquisas para validar esses achados e para orientar decisões clínicas baseadas em evidências e promover melhores resultados para os pacientes submetidos a essa modalidade de tratamento. Em última análise, este estudo contribui para o avanço do conhecimento científico na área de implantes dentários, fornecendo uma base para o desenvolvimento de protocolos clínicos mais eficazes e personalizados. Apesar dos benefícios evidentes em termos de redução do tempo de tratamento e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, são discutidos os desafios como complicações peri-implantares e perda óssea marginal, enfatizando a necessidade de uma seleção criteriosa dos casos e um acompanhamento rigoroso para garantir resultados satisfatórios a longo prazo. Este artigo destaca a importância da avaliação individualizada e baseada em evidências na implementação da carga imediata em implantes dentários
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
Background
Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories.
Methods
We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age.
Findings
The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran.
Interpretation
Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings
Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions
Trabalho do menor : realidade e ordem legal
BibliografiaCândido Alberto da Costa GomesO que diz a literatura -- A legislação em face da realidade -- Que fazer diante do problema? -- Conclusões: encontros e desencontros entre pesquisas e legislaçã
Modelos de mobilidade social no Brasil: educação acadêmica e profissionalizante em perspectiva histórica
O sistema educacional brasileiro tem caminhado do modelo de mobilidade social patrocinada para o modelo de mobilidade social competitiva. Uma diferença crucial entre estes modelos é o período em que começa a diferenciação dos currículos para os estudantes. No entanto, estudos comparativos sobre a Grã-Bretanha e os Estados Unidos, além das presentes evidências sobre o Brasil, não permitem afirmar que o modelo de mobilidade competitiva seja mais democrático que o modelo de mobilidade patrocinada. Em conseqüência, os efeitos da diferenciação curricular como meio de seleção social podem ser questionados. O papel dos currículos provavelmente não é tão influente, a menos que estejam associados a importantes fatores do contexto social. São discutidas alternativas para a democratização educacional e a preparação para o trabalho