Caracterização das vítimas de acidentes de trabalho grave assistidas em um hospital universitário/ Characterization of victims of serious work accidents assisted in a university hospital

INTRODUÇÃO: Os acidentes de trabalho (AT) são eventos adversos que podem ocorrer durante o exercício laboral quando a serviço da empresa, provocando lesão corporal, perturbação funcional, de caráter temporário ou permanente ou até mesmo a morte do segurado. Podem ser classificados como acidente de trabalho típico, de trajeto ou por doenças ocupacionais. METODOLOGIA: Trata- se de uma pesquisa de abordagem quantitativo, descritivo por meio de análise documental, retrospectivo de fichas de investigação de AT grave que fazem parte do SINAN (Sistema de Informação Agravos de Notificação) submetidos à internação no Hospital Universitário do Norte do Paraná no ano de 2018. Os dados foram coletados do mês de agosto e setembro de 2018, resultando em 258 notificações como amostra do estudo. RESULTADO: Destacou-se maior prevalência de vítimas do sexo masculino, com faixa etária entre 16 e 25 anos, com grau de escolaridade de ensino médio completo. Predominaram os tipos de acidentes caracterizados como típicos em trabalhadores da produção de bens e serviços industriais, com vínculo empregatício não registrado. A maior ocorrência de lesões corporais foi de membros superiores. As incapacidades temporárias foram os principais desfechos dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo oportuniza reflexões acerca do universo dos AT grave. Medidas como orientações dos riscos e prevenção de acidentes podem promover mais segurança, saúde e qualidade de vida aos trabalhadores, diminuindo, por sua vez, a demanda de vítimas nos serviços de pronto atendimento

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Estudo da ação de nanopartículas magnéticas de ferro no câncer oral

O carcinoma oral epidermóide é a neoplasia mais frequente da cavidade bucal, representando, aproximadamente, 90% dos cânceres orais. A maioria das pessoas com câncer bucal realiza diagnóstico em estádios avançados quando o prognóstico é ruim e, consequentemente, a terapia é incerta com possibilidades de cura reduzidas. Sendo assim, o tratamento deste câncer envolve a utilização de recursos terapêuticos complexos, com resultados estéticos e fisiológicos pouco promissores. Portanto, outras terapias são almejadas a fim de reverter o quadro insatisfatório de qualidade de vida, amenizando os efeitos colaterais. Para isso, a nanoterapia aplicada ao tratamento do câncer tem-se desenvolvido rapidamente e nanopartículas, como as de óxidos de ferro, vem demonstrando vantagens sobre outros carreadores, sendo o tratamento do câncer por meio de hipertermia uma aplicação bastante visada. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho foi investigar a citotoxicidade das nanopartículas magnéticas de ferro revestidas por polifosfato em linhagem celular de câncer de assoalho de boca (UM-SCC14A) e sua ação em carcinoma oral in vivo. As células foram incubadas com nanopartículas em diferentes concentrações (0,35; 0,7 e 1,4x10 15 partículas/mL) e, em seguida, foram realizadas técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, microsopia de luz, microscopia de fluorescência e ensaio de viabilidade celular. Os diferentes ensaios mostraram que apenas a incubação com 1,4 x10 15 partículas desencadeou processo apoptótico significativo, refletindo alterações morfológicas e menor viabilidade celular. Sendo assim, a concentração de 0,7x10 15 partículas foi escolhida para os experimentos in vivo, já que não demonstrou caráter tóxico expressivo. Após os experimentos in vitro, trinta hamsters sírios foram divididos igualmente em cinco...Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the oral cavity, representing, approximately, 90% of oral cancers. Most people affected by oral cancer performs the diagnosis in advanced stages when the prognosis is poor and, therefore, therapy is uncertain with reduced chances of healing. Thus, treatment of this cancer involves the use of complex therapeutic resources, with hardly promising aesthetic and physiological results. Therefore, other therapies are desired to reverse the unsatisfactory quality of life, minimizing side effects. For this, nanotherapy applied to the treatment of cancer has developed rapidly and nanoparticles, such as iron oxides, have shown advantages over other carriers, being cancer treatment by hyperthermia quite an application newsworthy. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of iron magnetic nanoparticles coated with polyphosphate in cancer cell line from the floor of mouth (UM-SCC14A) and its action on oral carcinoma in vivo. Cells were incubated with nanoparticles at different concentrations (0.35, 0.7 and 1.4x10 15 particles/mL) and, then, were performed transmission electron microscopy, light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and viability assay. Different tests have shown that only incubation with 1.4x10 15 particles triggered significative apoptotic process reflecting morphological changes and reduced cell viability. Thereby, the concentration of 0.7x10 15 particles has been chosen for the experiments in vivo, as demonstrated no expressive toxic character. After the in vitro experiments, thirty Syrian hamsters were divided into five groups, with a normal control group in which no tumor was induced. In the remaining animals was induced oral cancer by applying the carcinogen DMBA on the hamsters’ right cheek, resulting in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma... (Complete abstract click electronic access below

Variable density and viscosity, miscible displacements in horizontal Hele-Shaw cells. Part 2. Nonlinear simulations

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite) (MNPs) were prepared using different organic and inorganic bases. Strong inorganic base (KOH) and organic bases (NH4OH and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO)) were used in the syntheses of the MNPs. The MNPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and magnetization measurements. MNPs prepared with strong inorganic base yielded an average size of 100 nm, whereas the average size of the MNPs prepared with the organic bases was 150 nm. The main competitive phase for MNPs prepared with the strong inorganic and organic bases was maghemite; however, syntheses with KOH yielded a pure magnetite phase. The transfection study performed with the MNPs revealed that the highest transfection rate was obtained with the MNPs prepared with KOH (74%). The correlation between the magnetic parameters and the transfection ratio without transfection agents indicated that MNPs prepared with KOH were a better vector for possible applications of these MNPs in biomedicine. HeLa cells incubated with MNP-KOH at 10 mu g/mL for 24 and 48 h exhibited a decrease in population in comparison with the control cells and it was presumably related to the toxicity of the MNPs. However, the cells incubated with MNP-KOH at 50 and 100 mu g/mL presented a very small difference in the viability between the cell populations studied at 24 and 48 h. These data illustrate the viability of HeLa cells treated with MNP-KOH and suggest the potential use of these MNPs in biomedical applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Sao Paulo Science Foundation (FAPESP) [05/54703-6, 09/11203-4]Sao Paulo Science Foundation (FAPESP)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [301596/2011-5]Braile Biomedica Industria, Comercio e Representacoes LimitadaBraile Biomedica Industria, Comercio e Representacoes Limitad

Sensory Deficits In Ipsilesional Upper-extremity In Chronic Stroke Patients

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Objective: To investigate somatosensory deficits in the ipsilesional wrist and hand in chronic stroke patients and correlate these deficits with contralesionat sensorimotor dysfunctions, functional testing, laterality and handedness. Method: Fifty subjects (twenty-two healthy volunteers and twenty-eight stroke patients) underwent evaluation with Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, the sensory and motor Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Nottingham Sensory Assessment in both wrists and hands and functional tests. Results: Twenty-five patients had sensory changes in the wrist and hand contratateral to the stroke, and eighteen patients (64%) had sensory deficits in the ipsilesional wrist and hand. The most significant ipsilesional sensory loss was observed in the left-handed patients. We found that the patients with brain damage in the right hemisphere had better scores for ipsilesional tactile sensation. Conclusions: A reduction in ipsilesional conscious proprioception, tactile or thermal sensation was found in stroke subjects. Right hemisphere damage and right-handed subjects had better scores in ipsilesional tactile sensation.7310834839Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES