1,742 research outputs found

    ETN:RIT

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    ETN:H2O

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    HÄllbar avfallshantering: utvÀrdering av styrmedel frÄn ett psykologiskt och etnologiskt perspektiv

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    Inom psykologi och etnologi studeras företeelser ur perspektiv som Ă„terfinns hos den enskilda individen samt i det lokala eller sociala sammanhanget. I studien har olika styrmedel bedömts frĂ„n ett etnologiskt och psykologiskt perspektiv. Studien har dĂ€rvid inneburit nya arbetsmetoder – i varken psykologi eller etnologi brukar man arbeta med att förutsĂ€ga hur olika medel (t.ex. styrmedel) pĂ„verkar mĂ€nniskan, normalt arbetar man efter att beskriva hur mĂ€nniskan upplever ett befintligt styrmedel. Nytt i arbetssĂ€ttet Ă€r ocksĂ„ att utvĂ€rdera styrmedlen i olika framtidsscenarier. De viktigaste slutsatserna om de studerade styrmedlen Ă€r enligt följande. Information Ă€r ett viktigt styrmedel, men bör frĂ€mst ses i kombination med andra styrmedel. Information bör utformas sĂ„ att den Ă€r anpassad för olika grupper, hellre Ă€n massutskick och glĂ€ttiga kampanjer. Informationen bör vara bĂ„de deklarativ (ge information om effekter och konsekvenser) och procedurell (beskriva hur man ska göra). Information Ă€r viktigast som styrmedel i de hĂ„llbara scenarierna, men Ă€r av betydelse i samtliga scenarier. Vad gĂ€ller verksamheter kan man skilja pĂ„ information till företagsledningen och information till anstĂ€llda. Styrmedlet ”Reklam ja tack” förvĂ€ntas leda till minskad mĂ€ngd pappersavfall och Ă€r lĂ€tt att förstĂ„ för hushĂ„llen. Styrmedlet Ă€r mest effektivt i de hĂ„llbara scenarierna. Styrmedlet bedöms verksamt Ă€ven i scenariot regional marknad eftersom det dĂ„ Ă€r större tryck pĂ„ verksamheterna att föra ut sitt budskap. Negativ kemikaliemĂ€rkning bedöms vara ett effektivt styrmedel, och framför allt effektivare Ă€n positiv mĂ€rkning. Negativ kemikaliemĂ€rkning bedöms ocksĂ„ vara effektivt i alla scenarier. I styrmedlet viktbaserad avfallstaxa kan storleken pĂ„ den rörliga delen av avfallstaxan pĂ„verka styrmedlets genomslagskraft. Viktbaserad avfallstaxa bedöms fungera bĂ€st i de marknadsdrivna scenarierna dĂ€r individen tar ett stort ansvar sjĂ€lv. I de hĂ„llbara scenarierna kan styrmedlet komma att upplevas negativ eftersom ansvaret för miljöfrĂ„gorna Ă€r mer överflyttade till staten frĂ„n medborgarna. Miljödifferentierad avfallstaxa bedöms ge ytterst smĂ„ styreffekter eftersom det med den givna utformningen kan vara svĂ„r att kommunicera med mĂ€nniskorna. Med vissa Ă€ndringar skulle det dĂ€remot kunna bli kraftfullt. Utvecklade insamlingssystem bedöms leda till ökad kĂ€llsortering i alla scenarier. Detta gĂ€ller bĂ„de ökad fastighetsnĂ€ra insamling och insamling i materialströmmar

    Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    This paper presents measurements of the W+→Ό+ÎœW^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu and W−→Ό−ΜW^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

    Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

    Measurement of χ c1 and χ c2 production with s√ = 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

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    The prompt and non-prompt production cross-sections for the χ c1 and χ c2 charmonium states are measured in pp collisions at s√ = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using 4.5 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. The χ c states are reconstructed through the radiative decay χ c → J/ÏˆÎł (with J/ψ → ÎŒ + ÎŒ −) where photons are reconstructed from Îł → e + e − conversions. The production rate of the χ c2 state relative to the χ c1 state is measured for prompt and non-prompt χ c as a function of J/ψ transverse momentum. The prompt χ c cross-sections are combined with existing measurements of prompt J/ψ production to derive the fraction of prompt J/ψ produced in feed-down from χ c decays. The fractions of χ c1 and χ c2 produced in b-hadron decays are also measured

    Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections for Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel at s√=8 TeV with ATLAS

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    Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV. The analysis is performed in the H → γγ decay channel using 20.3 fb−1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assuming that the width of the resonance is much smaller than the experimental resolution. The signal yields are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution. The pp → H → γγ fiducial cross section is measured to be 43.2 ±9.4(stat.) − 2.9 + 3.2 (syst.) ±1.2(lumi)fb for a Higgs boson of mass 125.4GeV decaying to two isolated photons that have transverse momentum greater than 35% and 25% of the diphoton invariant mass and each with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.37. Four additional fiducial cross sections and two cross-section limits are presented in phase space regions that test the theoretical modelling of different Higgs boson production mechanisms, or are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. Differential cross sections are also presented, as a function of variables related to the diphoton kinematics and the jet activity produced in the Higgs boson events. The observed spectra are statistically limited but broadly in line with the theoretical expectations

    Search for squarks and gluinos in events with isolated leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum at s√=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    The results of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing at least one isolated lepton (electron or muon), jets and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The search is based on proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy s√=8 TeV collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed. Limits are set on supersymmetric particle masses for various supersymmetric models. Depending on the model, the search excludes gluino masses up to 1.32 TeV and squark masses up to 840 GeV. Limits are also set on the parameters of a minimal universal extra dimension model, excluding a compactification radius of 1/R c = 950 GeV for a cut-off scale times radius (ΛR c) of approximately 30

    Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

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    The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009 and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3% for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table, submitted to European Physical Journal

    Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

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    Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02
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