Matematik eğitimi araştırmaları bağlamında yeni bir yaklaşım: Ders imecesi

Bu derleme makale, matematik eğitimi araştırmaları bağlamında, öğretmenlerin ve öğretmen adaylarının profesyonel mesleki gelişimlerinde bir yöntem olması yanında, bir araştırma ortamı olarak da ders imecesini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ders imecesi, öğretmenlerin ve öğretmen adaylarının profesyonel gelişimlerine katkı sağlaması, onların matematik öğretirken ihtiyaç duyacakları bilgi düzeylerini artırması ve aralarındaki iletişimi geliştirmesi ve öğretim ürünlerinin (ders planı, vb.) geliştirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Kökeni Japonya’ya dayanan ders imecesi uluslararası anlamda dikkat çekmiş ve araştırmacılar için de çalışmalarına bir araştırma ortamı hazırlamıştır. Bu derlemede, ders imecesinin öğretim deneyleriyle desteklenerek bu araştırma ortamlarını nasıl temellendirileceği ve matematik eğitimi bağlamındaki katkılarına odaklanılmıştır.This article review investigates the lesson study as a new approach in the context of mathematics education research to study the development of teachers’ knowledge domains as well as a professional development period of in-service or preservice teachers. Lesson study has such an importance in teacher education that it provides teachers’ professional development, it improves knowledge levels of in-service and preservice teachers which they need for teaching while enriching the interaction among the participants of a lesson study group, and provides also an improvement in teaching artifacts (lesson plans, etc.). Being originated in Japan teacher education, lesson study has internationally attracted notice and it brings a research context where researchers study. This article review also tries to ground lesson study while offering methodological relations with teaching experiments

Caregiver Burden and Responsibilities for Nurses to Reduce Burnout

The world has been aging, and technology has been advancing. Increasing population and chronic diseases indicate that importance of home care will continue. Many important chronic diseases in the world-such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hemodialysis and heart failure-affect the daily life and quality of life of the individual negatively. The patient needs help and support from the caregiver in many ways, such as using medicines, maintaining health checks, and maintaining daily living activities. In particular, in the home care process of the disease, there are difficulties in the physical, social, emotional and economical areas for both individuals and caregivers. Through the role of educator, the nurse can help to share the burden of care with family members, to give equal responsibility for each individual in the family and to plan the care period

Thioredoxin System and miR-21, miR-23a/b and let-7a as Potential Biomarkers for Brain Tumor Progression: Preliminary Case Data

Background: The thioredoxin system and microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential targets for both cancer progression and treatment. However, the role of miRNAs and their relation with the expression profile of thioredoxin system in brain tumor progression remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we aimed to determine the expression profiles of redox components Trx-1, TrxR-1 and PRDX-1, and oncogenic miR-21, miR-23a/b and let-7a and oncosuppressor miR-125 in different brain tumor tissues and their association with increasing tumor grade. We studied Trx-1, TrxR-1, and PRDX-1 messenger RNA expression levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and protein levels by Western blot and miR-23a, miR-23b, miR-125a, miR-21, and let-7a miRNA expression levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 16 glioma, 15 meningioma, 5 metastatic, and 2 benign tumor samples. We also examined Trx-1, TrxR-1, and PRDX-1 protein levels in serum samples of 36 patients with brain tumor and 37 healthy volunteers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that Trx-1, TrxR-1, and PRDX-1 presented high messenger RNA expression but low protein expression in low-grade brain tumor tissues, whereas they showed higher protein expression in sera of patients with low-grade brain tumors. miR-23b, miR-21, miR-23a, and let-7a were highly expressed in low-grade brain tumor tissues and positively correlated with the increase in thioredoxin system activity. Conclusions: Our findings showed that Trx-1, TrxR-1, miR-21, miR-23a/b, and let-7a might be used for brain tumor diagnosis in the clinic. Further prospective studies including molecular pathway analyses are required to validate the miRNA/Trx system regulatory axis in brain tumor progression. © 2022 Elsevier Inc

Presentación

The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of specific exercise types on pulmonary functions, aerobic and functional capacity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A systematic search of Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, MEDLINE (EBSCO), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), CINAHL (EBSCO), PUBMED, AMED, EMBASE (OVID) was conducted in January 2016. The outcome measures were spirometric measurements, chest expansion, 6 minute walk distance (6MWD), pVO(2), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). The search strategy was applied with limitation of date and language and this initial electronic search resulted in 143 relevant studies. After duplicates were removed, the titles and abstracts of 52 articles were screened. Of these, 14 full-text articles met initial criteria and were retrieved for review, with eight studies meeting final inclusion criteria. Both specific and conventional exercise groups showed significant improvements in BASDAI and BASFI scores (p 0.05). Specific exercises are an effective adjuvant therapy to enhance cardiopulmonary functions in patients with AS; therefore, it is assumed that in addition to the medical treatments, specific exercise therapy might reduce the cardiopulmonary complications related with AS

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

An investigation of understanding of preservice elementary mathematics teachers (PEMT) about data displays

International audienceUnderstanding to what extent preservice teachers are capable of conceptual and procedural knowledge of data displays is the aim of this study through analyzing a part of data collected during an independent study course. Change in the middle school curriculum in Turkey necessitates the study of examination of understanding of PEMT about statistics. Therefore, this study is significant in supporting the needs of teacher educators as well as it contributes to the consequences of curriculum efforts. In order to possess an understanding of statistical concepts for preservice mathematics teachers, they must have both conceptual and procedural knowledge (Hiebert & Lefevre, 1986), which is the main concern of this study

Öğretmen yetiştiricilerinin bakış açılarının incelenmesi:

Investigating the teacher education phenomenon of mathematics teacher education through the perspectives of teacher educators was aimed in this study. It was designed to understand the problems and the needs of teacher education in Turkey, to conceive the imperatives of the reforms mathematics teacher education reforms, namely 1982 reform, 1998 reform, and 2006 reform, and to determine whether these reforms satisfy the existing needs in Turkey. Based on the principles of qualitative research methods, documents of mathematics teacher education programs were investigated after the date when teacher education has been replaced under universities. As a second data collection tool, interviews with past and present deans of the education faculties, department chairs of mathematics education departments, and the academic staff were conducted. The data collected were analyzed through qualitative data analysis methods and the meanings and importance of the imperatives, processes, and consequences of the reforms were explored as well as the problems and the needs of teacher education in Turkey and solutions for them were investigated. The findings of this study showed that mathematics teacher education took a great step after establishing education faculties under universities in 1982. However, it has to be improved in order to eliminate the problems and the needs of teacher education in Turkey. It was expected to develop a source for the future teacher education reforms while paying attention to the imperatives and the consequences of educational changes in 1982, 1998 and 2006, and to be beneficial to generate a Turkish teacher education framework.M.S. - Master of Scienc

İlköğretim matematik öğretmenliği adaylarının teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisi gelişimleri: bir mikro öğretim ders araştırması .

The current study examined the development of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) of preservice mathematics teachers in statistics teaching with virtual manipulatives in the context of a microteaching lesson study (MLS). Since “technology integration is described by how and why it is used rather its amount or type”, integrating technology into education necessitates investigation of instructional uses of digital tools and resources (Earle, 2002, p. 8). TPACK framework suggested by Koehler and Mishra (2009) for technology-integrated teaching in which teaching is assumed as “an interaction between what teachers know and how they apply what they know” in different contexts lies as a fundamental idea behind this study (p. 62). Qualitative efforts were used in order to address research questions through two MLS groups. At the beginning, 9 participants volunteered for the interviews in order to investigate their views towards statistics teaching and technology integration into it. Distinguishing Teacher Assessment in Statistics (DTAS) Test were applied in order to analyze their content and pedagogical content knowledge. Before MLS began, a workshop was conducted to introduce virtual manipulatives which can be used in statistics teaching while recalling their statistical content knowledge. Through MLS period, each group prepared one lesson plan including a virtual manipulative for the instruction of a specific statistical concept. Data collected through MLS for each group contained three consecutive group discussions. Based on the findings, it was argued that preservice mathematics teachers’ TPACK changed and developed through MLS. They were observed to have significant developments regarding TPACK knowledge domains, especially in statistical content knowledge, statistical pedagogical knowledge and technological content knowledge.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra