Do Resin Cements Alter Action Potentials of Isolated Rat Sciatic Nerve?

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects dual-cure resin cements on nerve conduction. Methods: Panavia F, RelyX ARC, and Variolink II polymerized either by light-emitting diode (LED) or quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) were used in the study (n=10). The conductance of sciatic nerves of 50 rats were measured before and after contact with the specimens for 1 h. Results: The time-dependent change in nerve conductance and the comparison of LED versus QTH showed that differences between groups are significant (P<.05). For both polymerization techniques, pair-wise comparisons of resin cements showed that the nerve conductance between groups is different (P<.05). RelyX ARC elicited irreversible inhibition of compound action potentials (more than 50% change) and Panavia F and Variolink II polymerized by LED and QTH did not alter nerve conduction beyond physiologic limits. Conclusions: Resin cements may alter nerve conductance and even lead to neurotoxic effects.PubMe

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals &lt;1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe

Multi-tissue integrative analysis of personal epigenomes

Evaluating the impact of genetic variants on transcriptional regulation is a central goal in biological science that has been constrained by reliance on a single reference genome. To address this, we constructed phased, diploid genomes for four cadaveric donors (using long-read sequencing) and systematically charted noncoding regulatory elements and transcriptional activity across more than 25 tissues from these donors. Integrative analysis revealed over a million variants with allele-specific activity, coordinated, locus-scale allelic imbalances, and structural variants impacting proximal chromatin structure. We relate the personal genome analysis to the ENCODE encyclopedia, annotating allele- and tissue-specific elements that are strongly enriched for variants impacting expression and disease phenotypes. These experimental and statistical approaches, and the corresponding EN-TEx resource, provide a framework for personalized functional genomics

Anti-vascular effects of 4 nm and 20 nm PMA coated gold nanoparticles on CAM model

WOS: 00043767410520

Inhibitory effects of Semaphorin 3F as an alternative candidate to anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody on angiogenesis

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition forms the basis for anti-angiogenic therapies. With the methods based on the monoclonal antibody-mediated typical VEGF blockade, pathological angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment is inhibited and the limitation of tumor growth is provided; however, the existing tumor tissue cannot be intervened. In this study, the anti-angiogenic effects of Semaphorin (SEMA) 3F, which has frequently been reported to have tumor suppressive properties, on a chick chorioallantoic membrane model as well as in vitro cell-cell interactions were investigated and comparatively assessed using anti-VEGF antibody. Vascular endothelial cells and chick embryos were stimulated with 10–16 ng/mL VEGF165 prior to SEMA 3F administration in order to generate pathological vascularization conditions. Both in vitro and in ovo results revealed that SEMA 3F suppressed VEGF165-induced abnormal vascularization more effectively than anti-VEGF. Moreover, the required dose of SEMA 3F was significantly lower than that of anti-VEGF (103 times less under in ovo conditions). In light of these results, SEMA 3F is recommended as an important therapeutic agent for the prevention of pathological angiogenesis. SEMA 3F may offer an effective and efficient anti-angiogenic intervention that can be administered at a lower dose alternative to typical VEGF blocking agents...

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Allium cepa and Allium sativum extract: A comparative characterization study

European Biotechnology Congress -- MAY 25-27, 2017 -- Dubrovnik, CROATIAWOS: 00041358540010

DAVRANIŞSAL İKTİSAT ÇERÇEVESİNDE TÜKETİCİ DAVRANIŞLARI İNCELENMESİ: KARAMAN İLİNDE BULUNAN KATILIM BANKASI ÇALIŞANLARI ÖRNEĞİ

Davranışsal iktisat çerçevesinde tüketici davranışları incelenmesi: Karaman ilinde bulunan katılım bankası çalışanları örneğ

Photoacoustic analysis and imaging techniques: Sound of light

WOS: 000428590000004An unusual form of imaging and analysis applications combines optics and acoustics to probe the features and behaviors of materials. The name of photoacoustic like all other techniques of spectroscopy reveals underlying its theoretical basis. Even if the prefix "photo" makes sense for a spectroscopy, acoustic may be initially amazing. Photoacoustic technique is extension of the photothermal effect, which is based on light beam hitting the sample and altering its thermal status. More precisely, photoacoustic effect is a transformation between light, heat, and sound caused by light absorption. After the successful formulation of general theoretical model, photoacoustic technique, which initially was only used for the analysis of gas samples, has been efficiently extended to analysis of condensed matters. Variety of samples, nondestructive analysis and imaging, depth profiling, high specificity and sensitivity, analysis of opaque samples are the most important advantages of photoacoustic technique. As of today, many researchers have performed in vitro and in vivo analysis and imaging application using photoacoustic technique; moreover, increasing number of companies are manufacturing biomedical imaging devices based on this effect. If the obstacles to experimental restrictions are removed, we will begin to hear the sound of light as more powerfully in many applications, particularly physics, materials science, and medicine

Semaforin 3F Nin Altın Nanopartiküllere Bağlanması, Karakterizasyonu, Huvec ve A549 Hücre Hatlarında Anti-Proliferatif Etkisinin Incelenmesi

In this study, it is aimed to inhibit abnormal vascularization around tumor microenvironment and to suppress tumor growth using gold nanoparticles functionalized with anti-angiogenic and anti-tumoral Semaphorin 3F without damaging the normal cells.Bu çalışmada anti-anjiyogenik ve anti-tümöral etkileri olan Semaforin 3F ile fonksiyonelleştirilen altın nanopartikülleri kullanarak normal hücrelere zarar vermeden tümör mikroçevresindeki anormal vasküler oluşumun durdurulması ve tümöral gelişimin baskılanması hedeflenmiştir