Medição funcional no domínio da ética empírica

This paper presents the proposal of an empirical approach to ethics derived from a psychological theory of human judgment proposed by Norman Anderson. It shows how the methodology specific to this theory —functional measurement— makes it possible to characterize the various personal positions that exist in all societies regarding public health problems. The main results of three studies carried out in three different countries (Guinea, France, and Colombia) on various problems are presented as an illustration of what this approach can offer. These analyses focused on three deliberately very different problems: (a) the duty to care for infected patients in the event of a pandemic that puts at risk the lives of the health professionals, (b) the acceptability of postmortem reproduction in the specific context of fallen soldiers, and (c) the acceptability of physicianassisted suicide.El presente artículo propone un enfoque empírico de la ética derivado de la teoría psicológica del juicio humano propuesta por Norman Anderson. Muestra cómo la metodología de esta teoría —denominada medición funcional— puede utilizarse para caracterizar las diversas posiciones personales que existen en todas las sociedades respecto a los problemas de salud pública. Los principales resultados de tres estudios realizados en tres países diferentes (Guinea, Francia y Colombia) se presentan como ilustración de lo que puede aportar este enfoque. Dichos análisis se centraron en tres problemas deliberadamente muy diferentes: (a) el deber de atender a los pacientes infectados, en caso de una epidemia que ponga en peligro la vida de los cuidadores; (b) la aceptabilidad de la reproducción postmortem, en el caso de los soldados que mueren en combate, y (c) la aceptabilidad del suicidio asistido por un médico.Este artigo propõe uma abordagem empírica da ética derivada da teoria psicológica do julgamento humano proposta por Norman Anderson. Mostra como a metodología dessa teoria —denominada medição funcional— pode ser utilizada para caracterizar as diversas posições pessoais que existem em todas as sociedades em relação aos problemas de saúde pública. Os principais resultados de três estudos, realizados em três países diferentes (Guiné, França e Colômbia), são apresentados como uma ilustração do que esta abordagem pode contribuir.Esses estudos se concentraram em três problemas deliberadamente muito diferentes: (a) o deber de cuidar de pacientes infectados no caso de uma epidemia que ponha em risco a vida dos cuidadores, (b) a aceitabilidade da reprodução postmortem no caso de soldados que morrem em combate, e (c) a aceitabilidade do suicidio assistido por médicos

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Diseños Intrasujeto y Entresujetos

El diseño experimental como técnica estadística que permite identificar y cuantificar las causas de un efecto dentro de un estudio experimental.This educational resource talks about experimental designs that are deliberately manipulated in one or more variables, linked to causes, to measure the effect they have on another variable of interest, different designs are described between subjects and intrasubjects in which each individual participant is subjected to all the individual treatments, their advantages in each treatment which allow to evaluate the effects.Este recurso educativo habla acerca de los diseños experimentales que se manipulan deliberadamente en una o más variables, vinculadas a las causas, para medir el efecto que tienen en otra variable de interés, se describen diferentes diseños entre sujetos e intrasujetos en el cual cada participante individual es sometido a todos los tratamientos individuales, sus ventajas en cada tratamiento las cuales permiten evaluar los efectos.1. Introducción2. ¿Cuál es el propósito fundamental de un diseño experimental?3. Diseños entre sujetos4. Cómo formar grupos equivalentes5. Diseños intrasujetos6. El contrabalanceo7. El contrabalanceo completo8. Efectos diferenciales del acarreo9. Diseños mixtos10. Ejemplos11. Ejercicios12. Referencias1.0PsicologoPregrad

Prueba de la Desviación Normalizada Z

Explicación del puntaje Z basada en la estadística que sigue la distribución normal estándar bajo la hipótesis nula.This educational resource talks about the standard deviation test Z which determines the amount of gross percentage above or below the average. It also supports different explanations regarding the statistical procedures carried out to obtain the results of the different hypotheses raised.Este recurso educativo habla acerca de la prueba de desviación normalizada Z la cual determina la cantidad de porcentaje en bruto por encima de la media o por debajo de ella. También sustenta diferentes explicaciones frente a los procedimientos estadísticos realizados para obtener los resultados de las diferentes hipótesis planteadas.1. Introducción2. ¿Qué son los puntajes Z?3. Resolvamos el siguiente ejercicio4. Conclusión5. Ejercicios6. Como encontrar el área dado el puntaje bruto7. Encontrar las áreas bajo la curva dados los siguientes puntajes brutos.8. Ejercicios9. Prueba de desviación normalizada10. Desarrollo11. Ejemplos12. Referencias1.0PsicologoPregrad

Análisis de Varianzas (Anova) de un Factor

Objeto virtual de aprendizaje sobre análisis de la varianza (Anova) como técnica estadística utilizada para analizar diferentes experimentos.Este recurso educativo sustenta diferentes explicaciones frente a los procedimientos estadísticos realizados como pruebas experimentales e igualmente brinda diferentes actividades realizadas en pruebas de memoria para evaluar el efecto de tratamientos en la variabilidad de la variable respuesta.This educational resource supports different explanations regarding the statistical procedures carried out as experimental tests and also provides different activities carried out in memory tests to evaluate the effect of treatments on the variability of the response variable.1. Introducción2. Anova de un factor3. Los supuestos4. Distribución F5. La ho del anova de un factor6. El procedimiento de un anova7. Actividad práctica 18. Ejercicio9. Actividad práctica 210. Ejercico11. Actividad práctica 312. Ejercicio13. Actividad práctica 414. Ejercicio15. Referencias1.0PsicologoPregrad

Escritura de Textos Científicos en Psicología

Explicación de la creación de textos científicos en psicología.El objetivo de este recurso educativo es brindar pautas para la creación de artículos científicos teniendo unos criterios establecidos desde su estructura, su publicación y revisión.The aim of this educational resource is to provide guidelines for the creation of scientific articles with criteria established from their structure, publication and revision.1. Introducción2. Escritura de textos científicos en psicología3. ¿Qué tipo de textos se escriben en psicología?4. Estructura de un artículo científico5. Título del artículo científico6. Antes de iniciar el trabajo7. En el transcurso de la redacción8. Al finalizar el artículo9. Tras la revisión de colegas10. Una vez aceptado para publicación11. Recomendaciones12. Actividad1.0PsicologoPregrad