Língua brasileira de sinais e implante coclear: relato de um caso

The auditory loss is one of the more common sensorial privations in the men. The main consequence of the auditory loss inhabits consequent in its repercussion on the development of the verbal language and intervening with all the process of learning of the reading and writing. The cochlear implant is an electronic device, partially implanted, that it aims at to provide to its users next auditory sensation the physiological one. Deep interim is a good option to the carriers of neurossensorial deafness, it does not assure the development of the auditory abilities and verbal language. Thus, for not developing the verbal language, the individuals with cochlear implant cannot be private of the possibility of the acquisition and the development of the language; therefore they can make this using one another form of communication - the language of signals. The objective of this story is to describe the experience of the attendance to multidiscipline of a using child of cochlear implant. B.V.S.R eight years, masculine, carrying sort of bilateral deep neurossensorial loss auditory since the neonatal period. It carried through surgery of cochlear implant to the three years of age being folloied according to aurioral boarding. Had to presented overhead, case with the team was argued to multidiscipline and determined to modify the boarding, opting itself to initiating learning of Brazilian Sign Language. After a period of two years according to new boarding, the child presented considerable evolution in all the aspects of the development. The boarding change influenced positively in the evolution of the child, therefore the same one reached adequate performance in diverse linguistic abilities.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984686X2318A perda auditiva é uma das privações sensoriais mais comum nos homens. A principal consequência da perda auditiva reside em sua repercussão no desenvolvimento da linguagem oral e, consequentemente, interferindo em todo o processo de aprendizagem da leitura e escrita. O implante coclear é um dispositivo eletrônico, parcialmente implantado, que visa a proporcionar aos seus usuários sensação auditiva próxima ao fisiológico. É uma boa opção aos portadores de surdez sensorioneural profunda, entretanto, não assegura o desenvolvimento das habilidades auditivas e de linguagem oral. Assim, por não desenvolverem a linguagem oral, os indivíduos com implante coclear não podem ser privados da possibilidade da aquisição e do desenvolvimento da linguagem, pois podem fazer isso utilizando outra forma de comunicação – a língua de sinais. O objetivo deste relato é descrever a experiência do atendimento multidisciplinar de uma criança usuária de implante coclear. B.V.S.R. oito anos, gênero masculino, portador de perda auditiva sensorioneural profunda, bilateral desde o período neonatal. Realizou cirurgia de implante coclear aos três anos de idade, sendo acompanhado segundo abordagem aurioral. Devido ao baixo desempenho escolar apresentado, foi discutido com a equipe multidisciplinar e decidido modificar a abordagem, optando-se por iniciar aprendizagem de língua brasileira de sinais.  Após um período de dois anos, segundo a nova abordagem, a criança apresentou considerável evolução em todos os aspectos do desenvolvimento. A mudança de abordagem influenciou positivamente na evolução da criança, pois a mesma alcançou adequado desempenho em diversas habilidades linguísticas.Palavras-chave: Surdez. Implante coclear. Língua brasileira de sinais.

Mismatch Negativity (MMN) response studies in elderly subjects

Mismatch Negativity é potencial endógeno que reflete o processamento de diferenças ocorridas no estímulo acústico. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar as respostas do MMN em sujeitos idosos, comparar com sujeitos adultos. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo, com 30 sujeitos, 15 do gênero masculino e 15 do gênero masculino, com idade entre 60 e 80 anos e 11 meses. Teste estatístico Mann-Whitney. Os sujeitos passaram por avaliação médica e pelos exames de Audiometria Tonal Liminar, Imitanciometria, Emissões Otoacústicas e Potenciais Auditivos de Curta e Longa Latência (MMN). RESULTADOS: A latência média foi de 161,33ms (CZA2) e 148,67ms (CZA1), gênero feminino; de 171ms (CZA2) e 159,07ms (CZA1), gênero masculino. A amplitude média foi de -2,753µV (CZA2) e -2,177µV (CZA1), gênero feminino; de -1,847µV (CZA2) e -1,953µV (CZA1), gênero masculino. Quanto aos hemisférios direito e esquerdo, variável latência, média de 166ms (CZA2) e 153,87ms (CZA1); para a variável amplitude, média de -2,316µV (CZA2) e -2,065µV (CZA1). CONCLUSÃO: Não há diferença estatística significante entre as variáveis latência e amplitude, ao se comparar os gêneros masculino e feminino, os lados direito e esquerdo nos sujeitos idosos e entre as idades cronológicas adultos e idosos.Mismatch Negativity is an endogenous potential which reflects the processing of differences incurred in the acoustic stimulus. AIM: to characterize MMN responses in elderly subjects and compare with adult subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: prospective study involving 30 subjects, 15 men and 15 women, aged between 60 and 80 years and 11 months. Statistical test: Mann-Whitney. The subjects went through medical evaluation, threshold tonal audiometry, immittance tests, otoacoustic emissions and short and long latency auditory potentials (MMN). RESULTS: mean latency was 161.33 ms (CZA2) and 148.67 ms (CZA1), in women; of 171 ms (CZA2) and 159.07 ms (CZA1), men. Mean amplitude was -2.753 µV (CZA2) and -2.177 µV (CZA1), women; -1.847 µV (CZA2) and -1.953 µV (CZA1), men. As to the right and left hemispheres, mean latency variable of 166 ms (CZA2) and 153.87 ms (CZA1); for the amplitude variable, mean value of -2.316 µV (CZA2) and -2.065 µV (CZA1). CONCLUSION: there is no statistically significant difference between the latency and amplitude when we compared males and females, right and left sides in the elderly and between chronologic ages between adults and elderly subjects

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

Análise das emissões otoacústicas transientes em recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo

As emissões otoacústicas evocadas transientes (EOAE-T) têm sido a técnica mais empregada na triagem auditiva neonatal. OBJETIVO: Comparar as EOAE-T em recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo, em relação às variáveis: lado da orelha, gênero, espectro de frequência e idade gestacional. MÉTODO: Foram registrados, por meio de um estudo clínico de coorte transversal, as EOAE-T de 66 recém-nascidos, até 28 dias de vida, sendo 41 recém-nascidos a termo e 25 recém-nascidos pré-termo, todos sem indicadores de risco para perda auditiva. RESULTADOS: Houve melhora da relação sinal/ ruído com o aumento da frequência. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os gêneros e entre as orelhas, porém, houve diferenças entre os recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo nas bandas de frequência de 3 kHz e 4 kHz. CONCLUSÃO: O exame de EOAE-T é importante para a avaliação do sistema auditivo periférico de recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo, sendo possível visualizar respostas independentemente do gênero e idade gestacional

Desenvolvimento e aprendizagem da Libras - Língua Brasileira de Sinais

Para reproduzir os arquivos de vídeo do Acervo Digital da Unesp recomenda-se o programa reprodutor de mídia digital Windows Media Player ou similar.Trata-se de vídeo da disciplina 10 de Libras do Programa Redefor em que a tutora Online Fabiana Martins entrevista Myriam de Lima Isaac, médica com especialização na área de otorrinolaringologia, mãe de Mariana Campos, autora da disciplina. A médica Myriam fala sobre o desenvolvimento da pessoa surda ao longo da vida, principalmente na área da educação

<b> Língua brasileira de sinais e implante coclear: relato de um caso</b>

The auditory loss is one of the more common sensorial privations in the men. The main consequence of the auditory loss inhabits consequent in its repercussion on the development of the verbal language and intervening with all the process of learning of the reading and writing. The cochlear implant is an electronic device, partially implanted, that it aims at to provide to its users next auditory sensation the physiological one. Deep interim is a good option to the carriers of neurossensorial deafness, it does not assure the development of the auditory abilities and verbal language. Thus, for not developing the verbal language, the individuals with cochlear implant cannot be private of the possibility of the acquisition and the development of the language; therefore they can make this using one another form of communication - the language of signals. The objective of this story is to describe the experience of the attendance to multidiscipline of a using child of cochlear implant. B.V.S.R eight years, masculine, carrying sort of bilateral deep neurossensorial loss auditory since the neonatal period. It carried through surgery of cochlear implant to the three years of age being folloied according to aurioral boarding. Had to presented overhead, case with the team was argued to multidiscipline and determined to modify the boarding, opting itself to initiating learning of Brazilian Sign Language. After a period of two years according to new boarding, the child presented considerable evolution in all the aspects of the development. The boarding change influenced positively in the evolution of the child, therefore the same one reached adequate performance in diverse linguistic abilities

Verification of the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) responses in normal adult subjects

Summary: Mismatch Negativity (MMN) is used to evaluate the central auditory system. Aim: to characterize the MMN, in normal subjects. Materials and Methods: prospective study, 12 subjects, six males and six females, between the ages of 18 and 24. “Mann-Whytnei” test. Exams: Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Tympanometry, Otoacoustic Emissions and Short and Long Latency Auditory Potentials (MMN). Results: in MMN variable amplitude, the mean value was of −2.757 μV and −3.548 μV, CZA1 and CZA2; of 1.435 μV and −1.867 μV, CZA1 and CZA2. In variable and medium latency, we found in 150.7ms and 153.2ms, CZA1 and CZA2; in 170.4ms and 184.0ms, CZA1 and CZA2 - for females and males respectively. Conclusion: related to latency, there was significant statistical difference between the genders in relation to CZA1 and CZA2; and it was lower for females and higher for males. Keywords: auditory cortex, evoked auditory potentials, event related potential

Avaliação da satisfação do usuário de aparelho de amplificação sonora

OBJETIVO: avaliar a satisfação do usuário de AAS (Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora) por meio da aplicação do questionário de autoavaliação IOI-HA (International Outcome Inventory For Hearing Aids) e correlacioná-lo às características dos indivíduos, da perda auditiva e do processo de adaptação do AAS. MÉTODO: foram avaliados 98 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, com perda auditiva neurossensorial, de um serviço público e usuários sistemáticos de AAS há, pelo menos, três meses. O questionário IOI-HA foi aplicado, como roteiro de entrevista estruturada, aos indivíduos. Correlacionaram-se as variáveis estudadas com o nível de satisfação do usuário, analisado pelo IOI-HA, por meio do fator 1 (que reflete a interação do indivíduo com seu AAS), o fator 2 (relacionado à interação do indivíduo com outras pessoas no seu ambiente) e a pontuação total de cada indivíduo. RESULTADOS: não houve correlação significante entre as variáveis estudadas e o nível de satisfação do usuário. Entretanto, é importante ressaltar que as médias obtidas nas análises, por item, foram positivas e, consequentemente, as análises da soma total do IOI-HA, fator 1 e fator 2, também foram positivas e se aproximaram dos escores máximos para cada fator. CONCLUSÃO: o presente estudo constatou que, no grupo estudado, os usuários de AAS estavam satisfeitos com a adaptação de seus aparelhos e não foram observadas correlações entre as variáveis estudadas e o grau de satisfação do usuário de AAS, por meio do questionário IOI-HA