Desarrollo de competencias para la comprensi?n lectora mediado por las nuevas tecnolog?as, en estudiantes de grado segundo

120 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEl proyecto ?desarrollo de competencias para la comprensi?n lectora? surge a ra?z de los bajos resultados que han presentado los estudiantes de la Instituci?n Educativa Playa Rica del municipio de Palocabildo, evidenciado en las pr?cticas de aula y en las pruebas externas en cuanto a la comprensi?n lectora. Los avances en este trabajo, se soportan en una investigaci?n de tipo cualitativo, con su m?todo investigaci?n acci?n, en donde a partir de la observaci?n directa registrada en el diario de campo, la aplicaci?n de una prueba diagn?stica, que establece los niveles literal, inferencial y cr?tico, en que se encuentran los estudiantes del grado segundo; al igual que la aplicaci?n de encuesta a docentes, permite triangular la informaci?n; y a partir de la teor?a, hallar estrategias, que posibiliten el mejoramiento en los procesos, con miras a desarrollar competencias. Las estrategias que se plantean, toman en cuenta los criterios del Ministerio de Educaci?n Nacional -MEN- niveles literal, inferencial y cr?tico y los momentos: antes, durante y despu?s de la lectura que propone Sol? (2001); desarrollado a trav?s de una secuencia did?ctica, mediada por las nuevas tecnolog?as. Palabras claves: competencia, lectura, investigaci?n, educaci?n.The Project "Developing Skills for Reading Comprehension" is made to improve the Reading Comprehension students results, in this moment all the students who belong to Instituci?n Educativa Playa Rica in Palocabildo, Tolima Deparment, have low result in this ?rea, evidenced in the classroom practices and external testing too. All the Progress in this work are supported in a qualitative investigation, with its action research method, in which the direct observation filed in the journal of field, the application of a diagnostic test, which establishes the literal, inferential and critical thinking, in which the second grade students; as well as the application of survey to teachers, allows us to triangulate information; and on the basis of the theory, find strategies, which will allow the improvement in the processes, with a view to developing competencies. The strategies are made according to the MEN (National Education Ministery): literal, inferential and critical and the moments: before, during, and after reading that proposes Sol? (2001); developed through a didactic sequence mediated by new technologies. Keywords: competence, reading, research, education

Influence de la structure sur le comportement des paliers à feuilles

Les principaux modèles structurels d'un palier à feuilles présents dans la littérature considèrent les ondulations du plissé comme des ressorts indépendants. Ces modèles permettent une implémentation relativement simple dans un code de calcul de paliers à gaz. Ils permettent également la prise en compte d'un coefficient d'amortissement de la structure. L'analyse dynamique linéaire présentée dans cette étude met en avant l'intérêt de cette dissipation énergétique sur la capacité d'amortissement et la stabilité du palier. Toutefois cette modélisation possède certaines limites qui seront discutées dans cet article. Pour dépasser ces limites un nouveau modèle analytique structurel considérant le plissé dans son ensemble est développé. Ce modèle est présenté et validé d'une part d'un point de vue théorique par comparaison avec des simulations éléments finis et d'autre part expérimentalement. Enfin l'influence du choix de la modélisation de la structure sur le comportement statique du palier est mise en évidence

Use of barley straw residues to avoid high erosion and runoff rates on persimmon plantations in Eastern Spain under low frequency-high magnitude simulated rainfall events

[EN] Soil and water losses due to agricultural mismanagement are high and non-sustainable in many orchards. An experiment was set up with rainfall simulation at 78 mm h(-1) over 1 hour on 20 paired plots of 2 m(2) (bare and straw covered) in new persimmon plantations in Eastern Spain. Effects of straw cover on the control of soil and water losses were assessed. An addition of 60% straw cover (75 gm(-2)) resulted in delayed ponding and runoff generation and consequently reduced water losses from 60% to 13% of total rainfall. The straw cover reduced raindrop impact and thus sediment detachment from 1014 to 47 g plot(-1) h(-1). The erosion rate was reduced from 5.1 to 0.2 Mg ha-(1) h(-1). The straw mulch was found to be extremely efficient in reducing soil erosion rates.The research projects GL2008-02879/BTE, LEDDRA 243857 and RECARE-FP7 (no. 603498, http://recare-project.eu/) supported this research.Cerdà, A.; González-Pelayo, Ó.; Giménez Morera, A.; Jordán, A.; Pereira, P.; Novara, A.; Brevik, EC.... (2016). Use of barley straw residues to avoid high erosion and runoff rates on persimmon plantations in Eastern Spain under low frequency-high magnitude simulated rainfall events. Soil Research. 54(2):154-165. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR15092S15416554

Association of Salivary Human Papillomavirus Infection and Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been recognized as an important risk factor in cancer. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence and effect size of association between salivary HPV DNA and the risk of developing oral and oropharyngeal cancer. METHODS: A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus and the Cochrane Library was performed, without language restrictions or specified start date. Pooled data were analyzed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS: A total of 1672 studies were screened and 14 met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of salivary HPV DNA for oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma was 43.2%, and the prevalence of salivary HPV16 genotype was 27.5%. Pooled results showed a significant association between salivary HPV and oral and oropharyngeal cancer (OR = 4.94; 2.82-8.67), oral cancer (OR = 2.58; 1.67-3.99) and oropharyngeal cancer (OR = 17.71; 6.42-48.84). Significant associations were also found between salivary HPV16 and oral and oropharyngeal cancer (OR = 10.07; 3.65-27.82), oral cancer (OR = 2.95; 1.23-7.08) and oropharyngeal cancer (OR = 38.50; 22.43-66.07). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis demonstrated the association between salivary HPV infection and the incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancer indicating its value as a predictive indicator

Application of calcifying bacteria for remediation of stones and cultural heritages

Since ages, architects and artists worldwide have focused on usage of durable stones as marble and limestone for construction of beautiful and magnificent historic monuments as European Cathedrals, Roman, and Greek temples, Taj Mahal etc. But survival of these irreplaceable cultural and historical assets is in question these days due to their degradation and deterioration caused by number of biotic and abiotic factors. These causative agents have affected not only the esthetic appearance of these structures, but also lead to deterioration of their strength and durability. The present review emphasizes about different causative agents leading to deterioration and application of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation as a novel and potential technology for dealing with these problems. The study also sheds light on benefits of microbial carbonate binders over the traditional agents and future directions

Fructan and hormone connections

Plants rely on “reserve” (stored) carbon (C) for growth and survival when newly synthesized C becomes limited. Besides a classic yet recalcitrant C reserve starch, fructans, a class of sucrose-derived soluble fructosyl-oligosaccharides, represent a major store of C in many temperate plant species including the economically important Asteraceae and Poaceae families (Hendry, 1993). Dicots typically accumulate inulin-type fructans as long-term storage (underground organs) whilst grasses and cereals accumulate fructans as short-term reserves in above-ground parts (Pollock and Cairns, 1991; Van Laere and Van den Ende, 2002). Unlike chloroplast-based water-insoluble starch, fructans are semi-soluble, possess flexible structures (Phelps, 1965; Valluru and Van den Ende, 2008), can be synthesized at low temperatures (Pollock and Cairns, 1991), and are degraded by a single type of fructan hydrolases, fructan exohydrolases (FEHs). Unlike starch that store in plastids, fructans store in vacuoles, which is physically less stressful to the active constituents of, and allows more C synthesis by, the photosynthetic cell, which may be different in dicots where fructans do not typically accumulate in green parts

Epigenetics and developmental programming of welfare and production traits in farm animals

The concept that postnatal health and development can be influenced by events that occur in utero originated from epidemiological studies in humans supported by numerous mechanistic (including epigenetic) studies in a variety of model species. Referred to as the ‘developmental origins of health and disease’ or ‘DOHaD’ hypothesis, the primary focus of large-animal studies until quite recently had been biomedical. Attention has since turned towards traits of commercial importance in farm animals. Herein we review the evidence that prenatal risk factors, including suboptimal parental nutrition, gestational stress, exposure to environmental chemicals and advanced breeding technologies, can determine traits such as postnatal growth, feed efficiency, milk yield, carcass composition, animal welfare and reproductive potential. We consider the role of epigenetic and cytoplasmic mechanisms of inheritance, and discuss implications for livestock production and future research endeavours. We conclude that although the concept is proven for several traits, issues relating to effect size, and hence commercial importance, remain. Studies have also invariably been conducted under controlled experimental conditions, frequently assessing single risk factors, thereby limiting their translational value for livestock production. We propose concerted international research efforts that consider multiple, concurrent stressors to better represent effects of contemporary animal production systems

Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results

Peer reviewe