Activity cycles of late-type stars

Рассмотрены методы и результаты исследования холодных пятен, хромосферных неоднородностей, вспышечной активности и их долговременных изменений у звезд поздних спектральных классов.We considered methods and results of the observations of long-term variations of stellar spots, chromospheric inhomogeneities, and flare activity on late-type stars.Работа А. В. Кожевниковой выполнена при финансовой поддержке государства в лице Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации (базовая часть госзадания, РК № АААА-А17-117030310283-7), а также Правительства Российской Федерации (постановление № 211, контракт №02.A03.21.0006).Работа И. Ю. Алексеева выполнена в рамках плановой темы ФГБУН КрАО РАН «Магнитные поля и эволюция магнитной активности звезд».Работа О. В. Козловой и И. Ю. Алексеева частично выполнена в рамках проекта «Активность звезд поздних спектральных классов на разных стадиях эволюции» (грант РФФИ 16-02-00689)

Data on the distribution of the <i>Haemaphysalis concinna</i> tick in the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia

The ixodid tick Haemaphysalis concinna (Koch, 1844) is a carrier of pathogens of vector-borne diseases of viral, bacterial and protozoal etiology. This tick was previously considered an adventive relict species in the Baikal region, but has recently shown a tendency to increase its numbers and expand its habitat. The aim of the study. To generalize the available and newly received information on the distribution of the H. concinna tick in the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia; to carry out the comparative analysis of the results in order to identify the dynamics of the development of populations of this species of ixodid ticks in the Baikal region. Materials and methods. The coordinates of H. concinna detection points in our studies were obtained using a GPS navigator directly in the field. Ticks were caught during the period of their maximum activity from plants using a flannel flag. Approximate geographic coordinates of H. concinna tick detection points were established when analyzing the maps published by other researchers. Results. As a result of the generalization of our own data and data from literary sources, 52 georeferenced detection points of H. concinna were obtained on the territory of the Baikal region. A map showing the distribution of H. concinna in the territory of the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia is presented. It is shown that in a number of surveyed areas there are stable populations of this species of tick, which tend to increase in their numbers and expand their range. Conclusions. Considering these data, as well as the fact that H. concinna ticks are actively involved in the circulation of pathogens of natural focal diseases in humans and animals, we can conclude that it is necessary to systematically monitor the populations of this vector species in the Baikal region

Influence of psychophysiological features of the 3-d course students on their training at the department of pathological physiology SE "DMA".

The article presents the results of the individual psychophysiological features analysis of the 3-d course students of the Dentistry Faculty, who have completed studying pathological physiology. The obtained data were compared with the results of the complex exam and the results of the licensing exam STEP-1. As a result, it was found that the psychophysiological indicators of students affect on learning performance. The main psychological differences between successful and unsuccessful students are in the intellectual and emotional-will spheres. Therefore, conducting psychophysiological testing among students and familiarizing them with the results obtained makes it possible for future doctors to take into account their personal and psychophysiological characteristics not only during the training period, but also in their professional activities. Such information, on the one hand, may induce many students to work on themselves, and on the other - not to fall into illusions. Further research in this direction and carrying out correlations of the obtained results will allow to find and eliminate the causes of unsatisfactory students’ studying. Work in this direction will contribute to the development of fundamentally new teaching methods in accordance with the requirements of time and scientific-technical progress

Influence of psychophysiological features of the 3-d course students on their training at the department of pathological physiology SE "DMA".

The article presents the results of the individual psychophysiological features analysis of the 3-d course students of the Dentistry Faculty, who have completed studying pathological physiology. The obtained data were compared with the results of the complex exam and the results of the licensing exam STEP-1. As a result, it was found that the psychophysiological indicators of students affect on learning performance. The main psychological differences between successful and unsuccessful students are in the intellectual and emotional-will spheres. Therefore, conducting psychophysiological testing among students and familiarizing them with the results obtained makes it possible for future doctors to take into account their personal and psychophysiological characteristics not only during the training period, but also in their professional activities. Such information, on the one hand, may induce many students to work on themselves, and on the other - not to fall into illusions. Further research in this direction and carrying out correlations of the obtained results will allow to find and eliminate the causes of unsatisfactory students’ studying. Work in this direction will contribute to the development of fundamentally new teaching methods in accordance with the requirements of time and scientific-technical progress

ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЗАГАЛЬНИХ ТА ФАХОВИХ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЕЙ У НАВЧАННІ МАГІСТРІВ У ГАЛУЗІ “СТОМАТОЛОГІЯ” НА КАФЕДРІ ПАТОЛОГІЧНОЇ ФІЗІОЛОГІЇ ДЗ “ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКА МЕДИЧНА АКАДЕМІЯ”

The aim of the work – to reveal the importance of general and professional competencies, which are the basis for the new working program on pathological physiology for masters in the field of Dentistry. The main body. The article gives a theoretical analysis of general and professional competencies in pathophysiology and establishes their significance influence on the preparation of a master of dentistry. The basic concepts and expected results of the application of competence-based education are revealed. The importance of studying pathological physiology by students-dentists is shown, it contributes to the formation of the analytical thinking and perception of the human body as a whole organism, reveals the basic concepts of “health” and “disease”, establishes the relationship between the influence of pathological factors and diseases, shows the connection between somatic and dental pathology. Conclusions. Therefore, pathophysiology is an interdisciplinary subject that integrates theoretical and clinical disciplines; it takes one of the leading places among medical disciplines.&nbsp; The application of a competent approach in the teaching of pathological physiology for students in the dental industry promotes the preparation of a highly skilled, well-educated competent specialist who can combine and apply in practice all the necessary knowledge and skills in a harmonious way.Мета роботи – розкриття значення загальних та фахових компетентностей, які є основою нової робочої програми з патологічної фізіології для магістрів у галузі “Стоматологія”. Основна частина. У статті наведено теоретичний аналіз загальних та фахових компетентностей з патофізіології і встановлено значущість їх впливу на підготовку магістра-стоматолога. Розкрито основні поняття та очікувані результати застосування орієнтовно-компетентнісного навчання. Показано важливість вивчення патологічної фізіології студентами-стоматологами, яка сприяє формуванню аналітичного мислення і сприйняття організму людини як єдиного цілого, розкриває основні поняття “здоров’я” та “хвороба”, встановлює взаємозв’язок між впливом патологічних чинників і захворюваннями, показує зв’язок соматичної патології зі стоматологічною й навпаки. Висновки. Патофізіологія є міждисциплінарним предметом, що інтегрує теоретичні і клінічні дисципліни, та займає одне з провідних місць серед медичних дисциплін. Застосування компетентнісного підходу у викладанні патологічної фізіології для студентів стоматологічної галузі сприяє підготовці висококваліфікованого, всебічно освіченого компетентного фахівця, який може гармонійно поєднувати та використовувати на практиці всі необхідні знання та вміння

Prevalence of headache disorders in students of medical university according new Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (2013)

The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of headache disorders using the newly published third edition International Classification of headache Disorders-3beta and evaluate their previous treatment in students of the Urals State Medical University. Methods: The study population consisted of 1042 students (719 females, 323 males, mean age 20.6, range 17-40). All were interviewed using a semi-structured validated interview conducted by a neurologist or by trained senior medical students. Results: 1-year prevalence of headache in students was 93% (females 95%, males 88%), prevalence of headache during the last month-68% (66% among females, 54% among males), during the last week-46% (48% among females, 32% males) and point prevalence -17% (17% among females, 17% among males). 1-year prevalence of episodic tension type headache was 74.5%, among females -73%, among males- 77%. 1 -year prevalence of migraine without aura was 24%, among females - 28%, among males -14%. 1-year prevalence of migraine with aura was 3.8%, among females — 5.6%, among males - 0.6%. 1-year prevalence of chronic tension type headache-3%, chronic migraine -1% and medication overuse headache-3 %. Only one third of students (35%) had consulted because of headache. Most students (75%) used analgesics or NSAIDs for the acute treatment of headache, only 2% used triptans. Only 0.2% of students received prophylactic treatment. Conclusion: Prophylactic and treatment strategies must be developed to manage the high prevalence of headache disorders in students.Задачей нашего исследования было изучение распространенности головных болей с использованием недавно опубликованной Международной классификации третьего пересмотра - 3 бетта, а также оценка предшествующего лечения головных болей у студентов Уральского государственного медицинского университета. Методы: Исследуемая группа включала 1042 студентов (719 женщин и 323 мужчины средний возраст 20,6 лет, возрастной интервал 17-40). Все студенты были проинтервьюированы с использованием полуструктурированного интервью, проведенного специально обученными студентами, а также врачом неврологом. Результаты: Распространенность головных болей у студентов в течение 1 года до интервью была 93% (95% у женщин, 88% у мужчин), распространенность головных болей в течение последнего месяца была 68% (66% среди женщин, 54% среди мужчин), в течение последней недели головные боли имели 46% студентов (48% среди женщин, 32% среди мужчин) и 17% студентов имели головные боли в день интервью (17% женщин, 17% мужчин). Распространенность эпизодических головных болей напряжения у студентов в течение 1 года до интервью была 74,5% (73% среди женщин и 77% среди мужчин). Распространенность мигрени без ауры у студентов в течение 1 года была 24% (28% среди женщин и 14% среди мужчин). Распространенность мигрени с аурой была 3,8% (5,6% среди женщин и 0,6% среди мужчин). Распространенность хронических головных болей напряжения в течение 1 года была 3%, хронической мигрени -1% и головных болей, связанных с избыточным употреблением анальгетиков 3 %. Только треть студентов (35%) обращались к врачам в связи с головными болями. Большинство студентов (75%) использовали анальгетики или НПВП для купирования головных болей, 2% использовали триптаны. Только 0,2% студентов получали профилактическое лечение по поводу головных болей. Вывод: Необходима разработка профилактических и лечебных мероприятий для снижения высокой частоты головных болей у студентов

Search for Gravitational-wave Signals Associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts during the Second Observing Run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

We present the results of targeted searches for gravitational-wave transients associated with gamma-ray bursts during the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, which took place from 2016 November to 2017 August. We have analyzed 98 gamma-ray bursts using an unmodeled search method that searches for generic transient gravitational waves and 42 with a modeled search method that targets compact-binary mergers as progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts. Both methods clearly detect the previously reported binary merger signal GW170817, with p-values of <9.38 × 10−6 (modeled) and 3.1 × 10−4 (unmodeled). We do not find any significant evidence for gravitational-wave signals associated with the other gamma-ray bursts analyzed, and therefore we report lower bounds on the distance to each of these, assuming various source types and signal morphologies. Using our final modeled search results, short gamma-ray burst observations, and assuming binary neutron star progenitors, we place bounds on the rate of short gamma-ray bursts as a function of redshift for z ≤ 1. We estimate 0.07─1.80 joint detections with Fermi-GBM per year for the 2019─20 LIGO-Virgo observing run and 0.15─3.90 per year when current gravitational-wave detectors are operating at their design sensitivities

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ∼ 1.7 {{s}} with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of {40}-8+8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 {M}ȯ . An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ∼ 40 {{Mpc}}) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ∼ 9 and ∼ 16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.</p