Evaluation of simultaneous surgical operations in obesity patients

Aim is to study the quality of life in patients with obesity who underwent hernia repair, in comparison with patients who underwent a weight-correcting intervention. Materials and methods. On the basis of the University Clinic was performed a prospective study of 107 patients with incisional hernia, who underwent a prosthetic hernioplasty and whose BMI exceeded 35 kg/m2. All operated patients were divided into compared groups. The first group consisted of 36 (33.6%) patients who, in addition to hernia correction, underwent one of bariatric procedure. The second group consisted of 71 (66.4%) patients who underwent only prosthetic hernioplasty. In this groups was assessed the quality of life by SF-36 questionnaire before and 1 year after the operation. Results and discussion. It was found a correlation between the weight-correction surgery with the physical component of health, indicating a decrease in the role of physical problems in limiting the patient's life. Significant differences were revealed on the scales of physical functioning, health assessment, and the physical component of quality of life. Conclusion. Performing a simultaneous bariatric surgery with hernia repair improves the quality of life in these patients

Ghrelin concentration before and after bariatric surgery

Introduction. Aim of the work is to study the concentration of ghrelin before and after bariatric gastric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. Materials and methods. A study of ghrelin levels was carried out in 25 patients with morbid obesity who underwent restrictive bariatric surgery (13 gastroplications and 12 “sleeve resections” of the stomach). Results and discussion. The initial level of ghrelin in the blood in patients with morbid obesity was lower compared to the levels determined with normal body weight. We did not observe the expected decrease in ghrelin levels during resection of the fundic ghrelin-producing part of the stomach. Conclusion. A clinical study shows that changes in gastric volume after restrictive bariatric interventions (sleeve resection or gastropplication) are accompanied by a slight increase in blood ghrelin levels; this increase is greater the higher the percentage of body weight loss after surgery. Deeper study of this area will help identify new strategies for treating morbid obesity in the future

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ ГРУППЫ КРОВИ С РАЗВИТИЕМ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОГО РАКА

Introduction. Several studies showed a correlation between blood groups and cancer of the stomach and the pancreas. However, the obvious links between colorectal cancer and blood groups have been found. In this context, the main objective of this work is to analyze the association between colorectal cancer and blood groups among the population of Southern Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase calculated the share of each blood group (according to ABO and Rh systems) among 87329 donors of Blood Transfusion Centre (city of Shymkent). The second phase of the retrospective analysis of disease history in patients with colorectal cancer, according to the Regional Oncology Center (city of Shymkent). Each story is reviewed, based on such factors as patient’s age, gender, blood group (according to ABO and Rh systems), localization of colorectal cancer, stage of the disease.Results. The research defined the following distribution of blood groups for the population of South-Kazakhstan region:  0 - 31.76%, A - 31.3%, B - 27.18%, AB - 9.76%, Rh (+/-)-95.09%, Rh (-)-4.91%. The level of interconnection between blood groups and disease was assessed as insignificant (V = 0.081 and V = 0.073 for ABO and Rh, respectively). Analysis of the relation of blood group and the left colon cancer demonstrates week correlation (χ2 (3) = 8.233, p = 0.041). The strength of the relation between ABO blood group and the tumor of this localization was assessed as average (V = 0.265).Conclusion. The received results do not imply a correlation between blood groups and colorectal cancer. However, there is weak correlation regarding the intercorrelation of cancer lesions of the left colon and I(0) blood group in the study population. Введение. По данным ряда исследований обнаружены корреляции между группами крови, раком желудка и поджелудочной железы. Однако очевидных связей между колоректальным раком и группами крови установлено не было. В этой связи основной целью данной работы является анализ ассоциации между колоректальным раком и группами крови среди населения Южного Казахстана.Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось в два этапа. На первом этапе была рассчитана доля каждой группы крови (по системам AB0 и Rh) среди 87 329 доноров Центра переливания крови г. Шымкент. На втором этапе проведен ретроспективный анализ историй болезней пациентов с колоректальным раком Областного онкологического диспансера г. Шымкент. Каждая история анализировалась по таким признакам, как возраст пациента, пол, группа крови (по системам AB0 и Rh), локализация колоректального рака, стадия заболевания.Результаты. Установлено следующее распределение групп крови у населения Южно-Казахстанской области:  0 – 31,76%, A – 31,3%, B – 27,18%, AB – 9,76%, Rh (+) – 95,09%, Rh (–) – 4,91%. Взаимосвязь между группами крови и заболеванием оценивалась как несущественная (V=0,081 и V=0,073 для AB0 и Rh соответственно). Анализ связи группы крови и рака левой ободочной кишки демонстрирует слабую корреляцию (χ2 (3)=8,233, p=0,041). Взаимосвязь между группой крови системы AB0 и опухолью данной локализации оценивалась как средняя (V=0,265).Заключение. Результаты, которые мы получили, не предполагают наличие корреляции между группами крови и колоректальным раком. Однако выявлена слабая корреляция между онкологическим поражением левой ободочной кишки и I(0) группой крови в исследуемой популяции.

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Evaluation of simultaneous surgical operations in obesity patients

Aim is to study the quality of life in patients with obesity who underwent hernia repair, in comparison with patients who underwent a weight-correcting intervention. Materials and methods. On the basis of the University Clinic was performed a prospective study of 107 patients with incisional hernia, who underwent a prosthetic hernioplasty and whose BMI exceeded 35 kg/m2. All operated patients were divided into compared groups. The first group consisted of 36 (33.6%) patients who, in addition to hernia correction, underwent one of bariatric procedure. The second group consisted of 71 (66.4%) patients who underwent only prosthetic hernioplasty. In this groups was assessed the quality of life by SF-36 questionnaire before and 1 year after the operation. Results and discussion. It was found a correlation between the weight-correction surgery with the physical component of health, indicating a decrease in the role of physical problems in limiting the patient's life. Significant differences were revealed on the scales of physical functioning, health assessment, and the physical component of quality of life. Conclusion. Performing a simultaneous bariatric surgery with hernia repair improves the quality of life in these patients

Development of microwave technologies for the oil and gas extraction complex

Questions of microwave technologies development for the oil and gas extraction complex are considered. The data on the oil environment being object of microwave electromagnetic fields influence is resulted, the physical essence of carried out microwave technological processes are briefly discussed. Classification of the microwave technologies used and developed for the oil and gas extraction complex, the basic requirements is resulted for them, economic and ecological aspects of their application are marked

Ghrelin concentration before and after bariatric surgery

Introduction. Aim of the work is to study the concentration of ghrelin before and after bariatric gastric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. Materials and methods. A study of ghrelin levels was carried out in 25 patients with morbid obesity who underwent restrictive bariatric surgery (13 gastroplications and 12 “sleeve resections” of the stomach). Results and discussion. The initial level of ghrelin in the blood in patients with morbid obesity was lower compared to the levels determined with normal body weight. We did not observe the expected decrease in ghrelin levels during resection of the fundic ghrelin-producing part of the stomach. Conclusion. A clinical study shows that changes in gastric volume after restrictive bariatric interventions (sleeve resection or gastropplication) are accompanied by a slight increase in blood ghrelin levels; this increase is greater the higher the percentage of body weight loss after surgery. Deeper study of this area will help identify new strategies for treating morbid obesity in the future