Ptychographic reconstruction of attosecond pulses

We demonstrate a new attosecond pulse reconstruction modality which uses an algorithm that is derived from ptychography. In contrast to other methods, energy and delay sampling are not correlated, and as a result, the number of electron spectra to record is considerably smaller. Together with the robust algorithm, this leads to a more precise and fast convergence of the reconstruction.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, the MATLAB code for the method described in this paper is freely available at http://figshare.com/articles/attosecond_Extended_Ptychographyc_Iterative_Engine_ePIE_/160187

Effect of V and N on the microstructure evolution during continuous casting of steel

Low Carbon (LC) steel is not expected to be sensitive to hot tearing and/or cracking while microalloyed steels are known for their high cracking sensitivity during continuous casting. Experience of the Direct Sheet Plant caster at Tata Steel in Ijmuiden (the Netherlands), seems to contradict this statement. It is observed that a LC steel grade has a high risk of cracking alias hot tearing, while a High Strength Low Alloyed (HSLA) steel has a very low cracking occurrence. Another HSLA steel grade, with a similar composition but less N and V is however very sensitive to hot tearing. An extreme crack results in a breakout. A previous statistical analysis of the breakout occurrence reveals a one and a half times higher possibility of a breakout for the HSLA grade compared to the LC grade. HSLA with extra N, V shows a four times smaller possibility of breakout than LC. This study assigns the unexpected effect of the chemical composition on the hot tearing sensitivity to the role of some alloying elements such as V and N as structure refiners.This research was carried out under project number M41.5.08320 within the framework of the Research Program of the Materials innovation institute M2i (www.m2i.nl)

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

A donor-acceptor ensemble: merging of TTF and dipyrrolylquinoxaline difluoroborate chemistry

Tetrathiafulvalene(TTF)-fused donor-acceptor (D–A) ensembles are of high interest due to their unique (opto)electronic properties and potential applications in organic conductors, photovoltaics, sensors, switches and molecular electronics. A direct annulation of a TTF with a variety of electron-acceptors has been achieved for studying photo-induced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) as well as the photogeneration of long-lived charge separated states in resultant D-A systems. Herein, we describe redox and optical properties of a new D–A ensemble (Chart 1) which was prepared by complexation of BF2 with a TTF-fused 2,3-di(1H-2-pyrrolyl)quinoxaline ligand. A detailed experimental and theoretical study of an ICT process in TTF-QB is presented

Photon Science Roadmap for Research Infrastructures 2025–2028 by the Swiss Photon Community

This community roadmap summarizes a survey of the Swiss large-scale infrastructure requirements in the broad field of photon science for the years 2025–2028, drawing from the current situation both in Switzerland and abroad. The Swiss Society for Photon Science (SSPh) collected the scientific visions and compiled the needs of the community of photon science, which encompasses all research areas that work to generate, manipulate and detect photons or use them to investigate or control complex assemblies of matter. The roadmap represents the view of the Swiss scientific community in the field of photon science and is a formal element of the process to elaborate the Swiss Roadmap for Research Infrastructures 2023. This bottom-up contribution to the identification and selection of important national and international research infrastructures has been coordinated by the Swiss Academy of Sciences (SCNAT) on a mandate by the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI).ISSN:2297-1564ISSN:2297-157

Pruefverfahren fuer praxisgerechte Simulation Abschlussbericht fuer den Zeitraum vom 01.07.1994 - 30.06.1997

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F97B1784+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman