Eficiência em inovação de organizações associadas à fundação mineira de software

Este artigo apresenta um modelo de avaliação da eficiência aplicado a empresas associadas à Fundação Mineira de Software - FUMSOFT. O modelo adotado na mensuração foi o Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) - (BANKER, CHARNES, COOPER, 1984) orientado a produto. A metodologia focou em métricas de produção da inovação nas firmas. Os insumos escolhidos baseados na literatura foram o número de empregados em geral e empregados com formação stricto sensu mestrado ou doutorado; e, os produtos foram faturamento bruto, número de projetos de inovação desenvolvidos com sucesso e participação de novos produtos ou serviços no faturamento. As medidas de resultados foram baseadas na construção e analise da fronteira de eficiência técnica relativa por meio da qual as empresas são classificadas em eficientes e não eficientes. Foram coletados dados de 28 organizações. Utilizou-se o método não paramétrico Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) (CHARNES, COOPER, RHODES, 1978) para avaliar graus de eficiência. Concluindo, onze organizações operaram com eficiência, nove dispõem de oportunidade para melhoria no total de vinte e oito empresas analisadas. Cinco foram excluídas como outliers

MORFOMETRIA CORPORAL, RENDIMENTO DE CORTES E COMPOSIÇÃO CENTESIMAL DO FILÉ DA PESCADA GÓ

The king weakfish Macrodon ancylodon is a marine species, Sciaenidae family, with economic importance due to the wide distribution and market acceptation. Thus, the aim of study was to evaluate body morphometric relationships, yield and centesimal composition of king weakfish fillet. Therefore, 60 fish were organized in four weight class (T1=100-200g, T2=201-300g, T3=301-400g e T4=401-500g). Body weights and measures were measured for subsequent analyzes of the morphometric relationships, the yields and the centesimal composition of the fillets. Results were submitted to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) post hoc Tukey test (p<0.05). There is statistical difference on morphometric relationships with the better results for T3 and T4 fish class. Still, for T3 class was observed the largest fillet yield without skin (42.90%) and smallest skin yield (8.36%). The protein levels for all weight classes had an inversional value when compared to the lipid values, showing numbers above 19%. For these reasons, the king weakfish show excellent nutritional quality being fish above 300g has better yield and morphometric relationships.Keywords: Macrodon ancylodon; fillet cuts; fishing technology; nutritional value.A pescada gó (Macrodon ancylodon), é uma espécie marinha, da família Sciaenidae, economicamente importante, devido a sua ampla distribuição e grande aceitação no mercado. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as relações morfométricas corporais, os rendimentos de cortes e a composição centesimal do filé da pescada gó. 60 exemplares foram distribuídos em quatro classes de peso, (T1=100-200g, T2=201-300g, T3=301-400g e T4=401-500g). Pesos e medidas corporais foram aferidos para subsequentes análises das relações morfométricas, os rendimentos e composição centesimal dos filés. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste Tukey (P<0,05). Houve diferenças significativas nas relações morfométricas, sendo os peixes das classes T3 e T4, apresentaram os melhores resultados. Em relação aos rendimentos dos cortes, os peixes da classe T3 foram os que demonstraram o maior rendimento de filé sem pele (42,90%) e o menor rendimento de pele (8,36%). O teor de proteína avaliado nos filés dos peixes das quatro classes de peso foi inversamente proporcional aos valores de lipídios, com valor superior a 19% de proteína bruta. Os resultados indicam que a pescada gó apresenta excelente qualidade nutricional e que peixes acima de 300g apresentam melhores relações morfométricas e rendimentos.Palavras-chave: Macrodon ancylodon, cortes de filé, tecnologia do pescado, valor nutricional

Analysis of the association between lactotransferrin (LTF) gene polymorphism and dental caries

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the association between lactotransferrin (LTF) gene polymorphism (exon 2, A/G, Lys/Arg) and dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A convenience sample of 110 individuals, 12 years old, was divided into: group 1, 48 individuals without caries experience (DMFT=0), and group 2, 62 subjects with caries experience (DMFT>;1). DNA was obtained from a mouthwash with 3% glucose solution, followed by a scrapping of the oral mucosa. After DNA purification, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was performed to access the study polymorphism. The LTF A/G (Lys/Arg) polymorphism had been previously reported as located in exon 1. RESULTS: Allele 1 of the study polymorphism was associated with low DMFT index and showed a protective effect against caries experience (OR=0.16, IC=0.03-0.76, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lactotransferrin A/G (exon 2, Lys/Arg) polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to dental caries in 12-year-old students

Análise do grau de conformidade da rotulagem de pescados comercializados no município de Castanhal-PA face à legislação vigente / Analysis of the degree of conformity of the labeling of fish marketed in the municipality of Castanhal-PA with the legislation in force

A rotulagem de alimentos tem a função de fornecer informações facilitando o poder de decisão do consumidor sobre o consumo ou não do alimento. Foram observadas rotulagens de pescados processados nos supermercados do município de Castanhal-PA. Para julgamento dos rótulos dos produtos foi aplicado um checklist baseado na Instrução Normativa nº 22 de 24 de novembro de 2005. Foram feitas duas avaliações: primeiro comparando entre os estabelecimentos contabilizando os itens obrigatórios na legislação vigente e o segundo, comparou os rótulos de oito pescados diferentes, incluído os enlatados, na qual a rotulagem possuía maior numero de informações obrigatórias. O melhor resultado foi observado no supermercado “L” com médias de 6,5 pontos de adequação a legislação, os menores valores formam atribuídos ao supermercado “I” com média de 4,45. Observou-se a ausência dos itens 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 do checklist, que correspondem a denominação do produto, a razão social e endereço, nº de registro do órgão competente, identificação do lote, cuidados na conservação e descongelo respectivamente. Foram encontrados rótulos inelegíveis ou mesmo na forma manuscrita. As informações de data de embalagem e prazo de validade estavam contidas na maioria das embalagens, com exceção do filé de piramutaba congelada, a identificação dos lotes, não estava contida nos rótulos de vários produtos, com exceção do filé de salmão e nos enlatados

Avaliação funcional multivariada em jogadores de futebol profissional: uma metanálise

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, de modo amplo, o comportamento de variáveis importantes para a saúde preventiva e o desempenho atlético, em jogadores de futebol profissional. Além disso, o estudo tece comentários, através de longa revisão bibliográfica, sobre os resultados de nossos atletas e os observados na literatura especializada, nessa modalidade esportiva. Os futebolistas foram submetidos a uma bateria de testes clínicos, laboratoriais e de aptidão cardiorespiratória, metabólica e muscular, pré-participação ao Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol de 1996, que constou das seguintes variáveis: consumo de oxigênio, limiar anaeróbio ventilatório, eletrocardiografia em repouso e no exercício, potência muscular ( wingate), flexibilidade, hemograma, reações sorológicas para doença de Chagas, protoparasitológico, glicose, uréia, creatinina, colesterol total e frações, hormônios, eletrólitos, minerais, composição corporal, avaliação fisioterápica, odontológica e nutricional. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o emprego de uma avaliação multifatorial, em atletas de alto rendimento, é um procedimento importante para verificar se o nível de aptidão física está adequado e/ou detectar possíveis deficiências, que possam interferir no desempenho atlético dos futebolistas, durante os treinamentos e jogos

Beyond trees: Mapping total aboveground biomass density in the Brazilian savanna using high-density UAV-lidar data

Tropical savanna ecosystems play a major role in the seasonality of the global carbon cycle. However, their ability to store and sequester carbon is uncertain due to combined and intermingling effects of anthropogenic activities and climate change, which impact wildfire regimes and vegetation dynamics. Accurate measurements of tropical savanna vegetation aboveground biomass (AGB) over broad spatial scales are crucial to achieve effective carbon emission mitigation strategies. UAV-lidar is a new remote sensing technology that can enable rapid 3-D mapping of structure and related AGB in tropical savanna ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the capability of high-density UAV-lidar to estimate and map total (tree, shrubs, and surface layers) aboveground biomass density (AGBt) in the Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado). Five ordinary least square regression models esti-mating AGBt were adjusted using 50 field sample plots (30 m × 30 m). The best model was selected under Akaike Information Criterion, adjusted coefficient of determination (adj.R2), absolute and relative root mean square error (RMSE), and used to map AGBt from UAV-lidar data collected over 1,854 ha spanning the three major vegetation formations (forest, savanna, and grassland) in Cerrado. The model using vegetation height and cover was the most effective, with an overall model adj-R2 of 0.79 and a leave-one-out cross-validated RMSE of 19.11 Mg/ha (33.40%). The uncertainty and errors of our estimations were assessed for each vegetation formation separately, resulting in RMSEs of 27.08 Mg/ha (25.99%) for forests, 17.76 Mg/ha (43.96%) for savannas, and 7.72 Mg/ha (44.92%) for grasslands. These results prove the feasibility and potential of the UAV-lidar technology in Cerrado but also emphasize the need for further developing the estimation of biomass in grasslands, of high importance in the characterization of the global carbon balance and for supporting integrated fire management activities in tropical savanna ecosystems. Our results serve as a benchmark for future studies aiming to generate accurate biomass maps and provide baseline data for efficient management of fire and predicted climate change impacts on tropical savanna ecosystems

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks