Recurrent dynamical symmetry breaking and restoration by Wilson lines at finite densities on a torus

In this paper we derive the general expression of a one-loop effective potential of the nonintegrable phases of Wilson lines for an SU(N) gauge theory with a massless adjoint fermion defined on the spactime manifold $R^{1,d-3}\times T^2$ at finite temperature and fermion density. The Phase structure of the vacuum is presented for the case with $d=4$ and N=2 at zero temperature. It is found that gauge symmetry is broken and restored alternately as the fermion density increases, a feature not found in the Higgs mechanism. It is the manifestation of the quantum effects of the nonintegrable phases.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure

Volunteered information on nature-based solutions — Dredging for data on deculverting

Much has been written about the potential contribution of citizen-science approaches to further urban environmental sustainability, and associated interventions such as nature-based solutions (NBS). Engagements between researchers and stakeholders relying on bottom-up information provision, for instance community mapping, are often purported to play a vital role in developing shared knowledge, achieving greater impact and stimulating innovation. However, relatively few studies within the realm of NBS have reported on experiences in using volunteered information, or their results. This reflects an important gap, not least because of the proliferation of proposals and bids that rely upon or integrate such methods into their approach. We report on experiences with gathering information using a ‘bottom-up’ map-based wiki tool, which effectively sought to crowd-source data, contributed by members of the public and professional stakeholders. As we approach the milestone of ‘10 years on’ from the inception of the website www.daylighting.org.uk, we reflect on our approach, the opportunities presented, constraints encountered, progress made and results delivered. This is contrasted with other resources and data-gathering projects having similar aims for different urban NBS. Findings are presented on the substantive issue of the uptake of deculverting as a particular form of NBS, including land-use contexts, scheme costs and achievement of stated objectives. Reflections are given on potential contributions of such methods in relation to other, more established approaches and new techniques in urban knowledge co-productio

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Social security: How Singapore does it

Asian Pacific Journal of Social Work6197-11

Prostate-specific antigen, testosterone, sex-hormone binding globulin and androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphisms in subfertile and normal men

Molecular Human Reproduction7111007-1013MHRE

Biomimetic hydroxyapatite-containing composite nanofibrous substrates for bone tissue engineering

10.1098/rsta.2010.0012Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences36819172065-208

Continuous nanostructures for the controlled release of drugs

10.2174/138161209788186344Current Pharmaceutical Design15151799-1808CPDE

Aligned and random nanofibrous substrate for the in vitro culture of Schwann cells for neural tissue engineering

10.1016/j.actbio.2009.01.039Acta Biomaterialia572560-256

Nanotechnology for nanomedicine and delivery of drugs

10.2174/138161208785740180Current Pharmaceutical Design14222184-2200CPDE

Nanotechnology: A global challenge in healthcare

Research in Novel Materials231-25