Опыт разработки курса «Компьютерные информационные технологии» для дистанционного обучения

Материалы IV Респ. науч.-метод. конф., посвящ. 120-летию со дня рождения П. О. Сухого, Гомель, 29–30 окт. 2015 г

Premenstrual symptoms in young adults born preterm at very low birth weight - from the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults

Peer reviewe

The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic variants contributing to BMI, a measure of body size, or waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), a measure of body shape. Body size and shape change as people grow older and these changes differ substantially between men and women. To systematically screen for age-and/or sex-specific effects of genetic variants on BMI and WHRadjBMI, we performed meta-analyses of 114 studies (up to 320,485 individuals of European descent) with genome-wide chip and/or Metabochip data by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Each study tested the association of up to similar to 2.8M SNPs with BMI and WHRadjBMI in four strata (men &lt;= 50y, men &gt; 50y, women &lt;= 50y, women &gt; 50y) and summary statistics were combined in stratum-specific meta-analyses. We then screened for variants that showed age-specific effects (G x AGE), sex-specific effects (G x SEX) or age-specific effects that differed between men and women (G x AGE x SEX). For BMI, we identified 15 loci (11 previously established for main effects, four novel) that showed significant (FDR&lt; 5%) age-specific effects, of which 11 had larger effects in younger (&lt; 50y) than in older adults (&gt;= 50y). No sex-dependent effects were identified for BMI. For WHRadjBMI, we identified 44 loci (27 previously established for main effects, 17 novel) with sex-specific effects, of which 28 showed larger effects in women than in men, five showed larger effects in men than in women, and 11 showed opposite effects between sexes. No age-dependent effects were identified for WHRadjBMI. This is the first genome-wide interaction meta-analysis to report convincing evidence of age-dependent genetic effects on BMI. In addition, we confirm the sex-specificity of genetic effects on WHRadjBMI. These results may providefurther insights into the biology that underlies weight change with age or the sexually dimorphism of body shape.</p

The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape : A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic variants contributing to BMI, a measure of body size, or waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), a measure of body shape. Body size and shape change as people grow older and these changes differ substantially between men and women. To systematically screen for age-and/or sex-specific effects of genetic variants on BMI and WHRadjBMI, we performed meta-analyses of 114 studies (up to 320,485 individuals of European descent) with genome-wide chip and/or Metabochip data by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Each study tested the association of up to similar to 2.8M SNPs with BMI and WHRadjBMI in four strata (men 50y, women 50y) and summary statistics were combined in stratum-specific meta-analyses. We then screened for variants that showed age-specific effects (G x AGE), sex-specific effects (G x SEX) or age-specific effects that differed between men and women (G x AGE x SEX). For BMI, we identified 15 loci (11 previously established for main effects, four novel) that showed significant (FDR= 50y). No sex-dependent effects were identified for BMI. For WHRadjBMI, we identified 44 loci (27 previously established for main effects, 17 novel) with sex-specific effects, of which 28 showed larger effects in women than in men, five showed larger effects in men than in women, and 11 showed opposite effects between sexes. No age-dependent effects were identified for WHRadjBMI. This is the first genome-wide interaction meta-analysis to report convincing evidence of age-dependent genetic effects on BMI. In addition, we confirm the sex-specificity of genetic effects on WHRadjBMI. These results may providefurther insights into the biology that underlies weight change with age or the sexually dimorphism of body shape.Peer reviewe

Design of floor hatch for gymnastic foam pits

In this thesis a concept for floor hatches for foam pits has been developed. Since there is an existing solution that is powered by hydraulics and is expensive, the goal was to develop a cheaper solution, as simple as possible. A number of different concepts were developed and evaluated. A concept with five sections that are pulled to the side and stacked on each other was chosen as it was thought to have the lowest risk of crush injuries and to be easiest to manage and control. In the opening behind the foam mattress a lifting table is placed to regulate the height of the stacked sections. To be allowed to be installed in the floor of sports halls the sections must be dimensioned according to the construction standards for these types of buildings. Different dimensions of beams in steel and wood materials were evaluated and of those, who lived up to the requirements of the standard, a concept was chosen. In this concept each section consists of six beams of glued laminated timber with cross section area of 225x90 mm covered by two plywood boards with 12 mm nominal thickness. Each section weighs 282 kg and the long-term deflection due to the self-weight is 0.68 mm. The deflection because of the imposed load is 6.25 mm with a nominal point load of 450 kg, 7.2 mm with a nominal distributed load of 700 kg/m 2and 1.03 mm with a load of 100 kg/m2. Since the weight could be kept relatively low, the sections can be moved by hand and thus no external driving is needed. Instead of using wheels, a solution with slide bearings/slide plates has been developed but it needs to be examined if the friction is low enough for it to work. In other cases, a solution for how to move the wheels so that the sections don’t need to rest on them in the closed position should be developed.I denna rapport har ett koncept för golvluckor till skumgummigropar tagits fram. Då det fanns en befintlig lösning som drivs med hydraulik och är dyr var målet att istället ta fram en billigare och så enkel lösning som möjligt. Ett antal olika konceptförslag togs fram och utvärderades. Ett koncept med fem sektioner som dras åt sidan och staplas på varandra valdes då det ansågs ha minst klämrisk och vara enklast att styra och kontrollera. I hålet bakom skumgummimadrassen placeras ett lyftbord för att kunna reglera höjden av de staplade sektionerna. För att få installeras i golvet i idrottshallar måste sektionerna dimensioneras enligt de konstruktionsregler som gäller för denna typ av byggnader. Olika dimensioner av balkar i stål och trämaterial utvärderades och av de som levde upp till reglernas krav valdes ett koncept ut. I detta består varje sektion av sex limträbalkar med tvärsnittet 225x90 mm täckta av två plywoodskivor med 12 mm nominell tjocklek. Varje sektion väger 282 kg och långtidsnedböjningen på grund av egentyngden är 0,68 mm. Nedböjningarna på grund av den nyttiga lasten är 6,25 mm vid en nominell punktlast på 450 kg, 7,2 mm vid en nominell utbredd last på 700 kg/m 2samt 1,03 mm vid 100 kg/m2. Då vikten kunde hållas relativt låg kan sektionerna dras för hand och därmed behövs ingen extern drivning. Istället för att använda hjul har en lösning med glidlager/glidplattor tagits fram men det behöver undersökas om friktionen blir tillräckligt låg för att det ska fungera. I annat fall behöver en lösning för hur hjulen kan fällas in och ut, tas fram så att sektionerna inte behöver belasta hjulen i det stängda läget

Modeling and analysis of a railway brake

Projektgruppen har fått i uppdrag att omskapa en befintlig CAD-modell av en tågbroms bestående av endast ytor till en sammanställning av solida, separata komponenter och delsystem. Modellen ska användas för att beskriva bromsens funktion och ligga till grund för FEM-analyser av kontaktförhållandet mellan belägg och skiva. Med hjälp av en litteraturstudie, beräkningar, datorprogrammen Solid Edge och ANSYS samt muntliga källor angreps uppgiften. En enkel skiss av bromsens grundläggande mekanik togs därefter fram. Den erhållna CAD modellen var endast ett tomt skal bestående av ytor. Dessa var placerade på ett sådant sätt att tågbromsen till synes var en 3D-solid. För att använda fler av Solid Edges funktioner och även exportera bromsen till andra program krävdes att solida delar skapades. Då detta gjorts sammanställdes en något förenklad modell av tågbromsen. En enkel överslagsberäkning av den bromskraft som krävs gjordes och användes sedan då en analys av kontakttrycket i bromsskivan gjordes i ANSYS. I programmet gjordes FEM-beräkningar och jämförelser av kontakttrycksfördelningen för tre olika typer av bromsbelägg, ett organiskt belägg utan slitsar, ett organiskt belägg med slitsar samt ett sintrat belägg. Vid analysen erhölls konvergerade resultat för två av beläggtyperna, det organiska utan slitsar samt det sintrade. För det organiska belägget med slitsar konvergerade aldrig resultatet, troligtvis på grund av den komplicerade geometrin. En förenkling av detta belägg kan möjligen medföra ett bättre resultat.Vidare bör det utredas vad som är fel i modellen och därefter kan fler analyser av det mekaniska- och termiska kontaktförhållandet göras.The project group has been commissioned to remodel an existing CAD model of a railway brake consisting of surfaces to a compilation of solid, separate components and subsystems. The model will be used to describe the brake function and is going to be used as a basis for FEM analyses of contact relationships between pad and disc. The task was initiated with a literature review, the computer aided engineering (CAE) programs Solid Edge and ANSYS were used as foundation for the modeling and calculations. A simple sketch of the fundamental brake mechanics was made and used for the modeling of the brake caliper. The given CAD model was only a hollow shell composed of surfaces. These were arranged in such a way that the brake appeared to be a 3D solid. In order to use more of Solid Edge's functions and exporting the model to other programs solid elements were created. When this was done a simplified model of the railway brake was assembled.A rough approximation of the braking force was made and used when analyzing the contact pressure in the brake pad in ANSYS. The program was used for FEM calculations and comparison of the contact pressure for three different types of brake pads, one organic without slits, one organic with slits and one sintered brake pad. For two of the brake pads, the organic without slits and the sintered, converged results were obtained. The results for the organic pad with slits never converged, probably because of the more complicated geometry. A simplification of this pad could possibly result in a better outcome. Further it should be investigated what is wrong with the model and then, more analyses of the mechanical and thermal contact relationship can be made

The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 100 genetic variants contributing to BMI, a measure of body size, or waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), a measure of body shape. Body size and shape change as people grow older and these changes differ substantially between men and women. To systematically screen for age- and/or sex-specific effects of genetic variants on BMI and WHRadjBMI, we performed meta-analyses of 114 studies (up to 320,485 individuals of European descent) with genome-wide chip and/or Metabochip data by the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Each study tested the association of up to ~2.8M SNPs with BMI and WHRadjBMI in four strata (men ≤50y, men >50y, women ≤50y, women >50y) and summary statistics were combined in stratum-specific meta-analyses. We then screened for variants that showed age-specific effects (G x AGE), sex-specific effects (G x SEX) or age-specific effects that differed between men and women (G x AGE x SEX). For BMI, we identified 15 loci (11 previously established for main effects, four novel) that showed significant (FDR<5%) age-specific effects, of which 11 had larger effects in younger (<50y) than in older adults (≥50y). No sex-dependent effects were identified for BMI. For WHRadjBMI, we identified 44 loci (27 previously established for main effects, 17 novel) with sex-specific effects, of which 28 showed larger effects in women than in men, five showed larger effects in men than in women, and 11 showed opposite effects between sexes. No age-dependent effects were identified for WHRadjBMI. This is the first genome-wide interaction meta-analysis to report convincing evidence of age-dependent genetic effects on BMI. In addition, we confirm the sex-specificity of genetic effects on WHRadjBMI. These results may provide further insights into the biology that underlies weight change with age or the sexually dimorphism of body shape