Generic, secure and modular (GSM) methodology for design and implementation of secure mobile applications

The generic, secure and modular methodology, described in this paper, provides a generic approach for the design and development of secure mobile applications. It is applicable to multiple mobile phone platforms and mobile operating environments. This approach treats a mobile application in a holistic way and structures it into four groups of modules: user interface modules, communication modules, security modules, and business logic modules. These four groups of modules can be designed and implemented independently and finally be integrated together. This approach not only simplifies the process of design and development of mobile applications, but also improves the reusability and robustness of mobile applications. In addition, this paper proposes a trusted layer model for designing the security modules of mobile applications, which provides generic application interfaces and comprehensive data protection. The paper finally gives an example of a secure mobile application, called SAFE Mobile Wallet, which was designed and implemented using GSM methodology.This paper won the Best Paper Award at the conference.http://www.iaria.org/conferences2012/awardsSECURWARE12/securware2012_a1.pdfQC 20130322</p

Biosignal Feature Extraction Techniques for IoT Healthcare Platform

In IoT healthcare platform, a variety of biosignals are acquired from its sensors and appropriate feature extraction techniques are crucial in order to make use of the acquired biosignal data and help the healthcare scientist or bio-engineer to reach at optimal decisions. This work reviews the existing biosignal feature extraction and classification methods for different healthcare applications. Due the enormous amount of different biosignals and since most healthcare applications uses electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyogram (EMG), Electrogastrogram (EGG), we focus the review on feature extractions and classification method for these biosignals. The review also includes a summary of Blood Oxygen Saturation determined by Pulse Oximetry (SpO2), Electrooculography and eye movement (EOG), and Respiration (RSP) signals. Its discussion and analysis focuses on advantages, performance and drawbacks of the techniques.<p>QC 20181114</p

Identification of vehicle response features for onboard diagnosis of vehicle running instability

Condition monitoring of dynamic vehicle track interaction is important research topic in rail vehicle dynamics and especially condition-based maintenance of wheel-rail interface. In this article, two feature extraction algorithms are proposed with objective of obtaining crucial information on stability of vehicle using carbody floor accelerations. The first algorithm is based on spectral analysis and later is on adaptive signal processing technique. These algorithms are evaluated by vehicle dynamic simulations. The features extracted with both methods show key information from carbody accelerations and the extracted information is useful for identifying the dynamic status of the vehicle.QC 20210810</p

Optimal Control of Partial Differential Equations in Optimal Design

This thesis concerns the approximation of optimally controlled partial differential equations for inverse problems in optimal design. Important examples of such problems are optimal material design and parameter reconstruction. In optimal material design the goal is to construct a material that meets some optimality criterion, e.g. to design a beam, with fixed weight, that is as stiff as possible. Parameter reconstrucion concerns, for example, the problem to find the interior structure of a material from surface displacement measurements resulting from applied external forces. Optimal control problems, particularly for partial differential equations, are often ill-posed and need to be regularized to obtain good approximations. We here use the theory of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations to construct regularizations and derive error estimates for optimal design problems. The constructed Pontryagin method is a simple and general method where the first, analytical, step is to regularize the Hamiltonian. Next its Hamiltonian system is computed efficiently with the Newton method using a sparse Jacobian. An error estimate for the difference between exact and approximate objective functions is derived, depending only on the difference of the Hamiltonian and its finite dimensional regularization along the solution path and its L² projection, i.e. not on the difference of the exact and approximate solutions to the Hamiltonian systems. Another treated issue is the relevance of input data for parameter reconstruction problems, where the goal is to determine a spacially distributed coefficient of a partial differential equation from partial observations of the solution. It is here shown that the choice of input data, that generates the partial observations, affects the reconstruction, and that it is possible to formulate meaningful optimality criteria for the input data that enhances the quality of the reconstructed coefficient. In the thesis we present solutions to various applications in optimal material design and reconstruction.Denna avhandling handlar om approximation av optimalt styrda partiella differentialekvationer för inversa problem inom optimal design. Viktiga exempel på sådana problem är optimal materialdesign och parameterskattning. Inom materialdesign är målet att konstruera ett material som uppfyller vissa optimalitetsvillkor, t.ex. att konstruera en så styv balk som möjligt under en given vikt, medan ett exempel på parameterskattning är att hitta den inre strukturen hos ett material genom att applicera ytkrafter och mäta de resulterande förskjutningarna. Problem inom optimal styrning, speciellt för styrning av partiella differentialekvationer,är ofta illa ställa och måste regulariseras för att kunna lösas numeriskt. Teorin för Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellmans ekvationer används här för att konstruera regulariseringar och ge feluppskattningar till problem inom optimaldesign. Den konstruerade Pontryaginmetoden är en enkel och generell metod där det första analytiska steget är att regularisera Hamiltonianen. I nästa steg löses det Hamiltonska systemet effektivt med Newtons metod och en gles Jacobian. Vi härleder även en feluppskattning för skillnaden mellan den exakta och den approximerade målfunktionen. Denna uppskattning beror endast på skillnaden mellan den sanna och den regulariserade, ändligt dimensionella, Hamiltonianen, båda utvärderade längst lösningsbanan och dessL²-projektion. Felet beror alltså ej på skillnaden mellan den exakta och denapproximativa lösningen till det Hamiltonska systemet. Ett annat fall som behandlas är frågan hur indata ska väljas för parameterskattningsproblem. För sådana problem är målet vanligen att bestämma en rumsligt beroende koefficient till en partiell differentialekvation, givet ofullständiga mätningar av lösningen. Här visas att valet av indata, som genererarde ofullständiga mätningarna, påverkar parameterskattningen, och att det är möjligt att formulera meningsfulla optimalitetsvillkor för indata som ökar kvaliteten på parameterskattningen. I avhandlingen presenteras lösningar för diverse tillämpningar inom optimal materialdesign och parameterskattning.QC 2010071

Transactifying a Computer Game

One of the latest concurrent programming technologies is Software Transactional Memory (STM). This degree project studied the use of STM by taking the large open-source computer game Globulation2 and modifying it from a non-concurrent version to several concurrent versions – a lock-based version and a STM version with finer granularity, as well as an additional STM version with coarser granularity. The different game versions were to be compiled with a STM compiler, which resulted in an evaluation of existing STM compilers. The first choice LLVM and Tanger turned out to be unable to compile the game versions because Tanger lacked an irrevocable mode and support for exceptions inside transactions as well as basic C++ support needed by the game, including memory operators new and delete and the C++ STL. Together with an instability that was detected while using the LLVM compiler and Tanger, LLVM and Tanger were finally considered too unstable to use as the STM compiler for this project. Instead the Intel C++ STM compiler was chosen as the STM compiler for the project, and could successfully be used to compile the different game versions. Performance data from the game versions was gathered by timing different parts of the code, including the simulation part of the game’s main loop where most of the game computation is done. Using the collected data a comparison of the game versions’ performance and how well they scaled when increasing the number of threads was made. The results showed that the STM versions of the game performed worse than the lock-based version and did not scale well when the number of threads was increased. The coarser-grained STM version did however have better performance and scaled better than the finer-grained STM version. Switches to irrevocable mode, transaction overhead and to some extent transaction retries were identified as possible reasons for the bad performance and scaling of the STM version. An attempt was also made to use an experimental version of the Intel C++ STM compiler that integrated the SwissTM STM library, but it was not ready to use, and SwissTM could not be used or evaluated in this project

Införandet av streckkoder i Sverige : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 22 oktober 2008

 The witness seminar ”The introduction of bar codes in Sweden” took place at the National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm on 22 October 2008 and was led by Gustav Sjöblom. The definition and implementation of EAN – a European standard for the identification and printing of unique article numbers – was a major innovation in the wholesale and retail trade, which led to substantial rationalization and revolutionized the generation and usage of sales data for ordering, marketing etc. The seminar panel was composed of three members of the Swedish and European EAN committees (representing suppliers and trade respectively); representatives of four major Swedish chains (ICA Essve, Åhléns, KF, and Dagab); and one supplier of cash registers (ADS Anker). The seminar was divided into two parts, the first dealing with the period from the initiation of European negotiations on the definition of the EAN code structure in 1973, to the signing in 1977 of the Swedish agreement between the suppliers’ organization DLF and the major chains. The theme of the second half was the implementation of EAN codes in actual practice, including manufacturers printing the EAN symbol on the packages and the supermarket chains installing equipment for reading and data capture. The EAN code was introduced in a few stores in 1981 and spread rapidly so that retailing in practice could be based on EAN from c. 1983

On Optimization in Design of Telecommunications Networks with Multicast and Unicast Traffic

NR 2014080

Rational bioenergy utilisation in energy systems and impacts on CO2emissions

The increased concentration of greenhouse gases in theatmosphere, in particular CO2, is changing the Earth\u92s climate. Accordingto the Kyoto protocol, where the international community agreedon binding emission targets, developed countries are committedto reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The increased use ofbiomass in energy systems is an important strategy to reduce CO2emissions. The purpose of this thesis has been toanalyse the opportunities for Sweden to further reduce CO2emissions in the energy system, by rationallyutilising woody biomass energy. The characteristics of currentcommercially operating biofuel-based CHP plants in Sweden aresurveyed and systematically presented. A consistent andtransparent comprehensive reference base for system comparisonsis given. Furthermore, the fuel effectiveness and contributionto CO2reduction is calculated. The governmentalsubsidies of the CHP plants\u92investment, expressed as costof specific CO2reduction, appears to be low. The competitiveness of biomass-fuelled energy production inrelation to fossil-based production with carbon capture isanalysed, showing that the biomass-fuelled systems provide acompetitive option, in terms of cost of electricity andefficiencies. The remaining Swedish woody biofuel potential ofat least 100 PJ/yr is principally available in regions with abiomass surplus. Transportation is therefore required to enableits utilisation in a further national and international market.Refining the biofuel feedstock to pellets, or even furtherrefining to motor fuels (DME, methanol or ethanol) or power,could facilitate this transport. Different options for fuelrefining are studied and compared. The entire fuel chain, fromfuel feedstock to end users, is considered and CO2emissions are quantified. Substituting fuelpellets for coal appears to be the most costeffectivealternative and shows the largest CO2reduction per energy unit biofuel. Motor fuelsappear more costly and give about half the CO2reduction. Transportation of the upgraded biofuelpellets is highly feasible from CO2emissions point of view and does not constitute ahindrance for further utilisation, i.e. the pellets can betransported over long distances efficiently with only limitedemissions of CO2. Bioenergy utilisation has additional features forenvironmental improvement, apart from the CO2aspect. Waste heat from biofuel-based CHP can becost-effectively used in conjunction with sewage treatment. Theincoming sewage water to the nitrification process can bepreheated with the waste heat, and thereby substantiallyenhance the nitrification and the reduction of ammoniumnitrogen during the winter season. Keywords:CO2reduction, energy system, biofuel, CHP, refining,fuel pellets, ethanol, methanol, DME, fuel substitution, sewagewater, nitrification.NR 20140805</p

Expression and Mutagenesis studies of Candida antactica lipase B

Recombinant Candida antarctica lipase B was successfullyproduced in the methylotropic yeast Pichia pastoris. Thespecific activities of Candida antarctica lipase B produced inPichia pastoris and commercial Candida antarctica lipase B fromNovozymes were the same. In shake-flask cultivations theexpression levels were about 25 mg L-1. Production levels couldbe increased to 1.5 g L-1, using a fermentor. A model tosimulate growth and oxygen consumption was described. The highcell density growth could be explained by the low maintenancecoefficient of Pichia pastoris. Enrichment of the aeration withoxygen increased the recombinant protein production. The lipasewas also produced as a fusion to a cellulose binding module.The cellulose binding module did not interfere with thespecific activity of the lipase. With this fusion proteincatalytic reactions can be performed in close proximity to acellulose surface. The binding module can also function as anaffinity tag for purification. Establishment of the Candidaantarctica lipase B production system allowed the engineeringof Candida antarctica lipase B variants. Four differentvariants were produced in order to investigate if electrostaticinteractions contributed to enantioselectivity. Theenantioselectivity of two halogenated secondary alcohols wasdoubled for the Ser47Ala variant. Thisimplied thatelectrostatic interactions are important forenantioselectivity. The Trp104His variant showed a decrease inenantioselectivity for all tested substrates. This was causedby an increase in the size of the stereoselectivity pocket.Symmetrical secondary alcohols of different size were used tomap the stereoselectivity pocket. A substituent as large as apropyl or isopropyl could be accommodated in the pocket of theTrp104His variant. In the wild-type lipase thestereoselectivity pocket was estimated to fit an ethyl group.The enzyme variants were subjected to a thermodynamic study, toelucidate changes in the enthalpic and entropic contributionsto enantioselectivity. The enthalpic and entropic contributionschanged for the different lipase variants and werecompensatory. The compensation was not perfect, allowing forchanges in enantioselectivity. In general one can conclude that rational design of newenzyme properties, in order to change the substrateselectivity, is feasible if based on a thorough model ofsubstrate enzyme interactions. Key words:Protein expression, Candida antarctica lipaseB, Pichia pastoris, sitedirected mutagenesis, fermentation,selectivityNR 2014080

Surface force studies of association phenomena at solid-liquid interfaces

The main topics of this thesis, association phenomena inbulk and at solid-liquid interfaces in polar and non-polarmedia, were studied by a range of methods. Direct forcemeasurements employing the interferometric surface forceapparatus (SFA) was the chief technique. In addition, atomicforce microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),small angle neutron scattering (SANS), dynamic light scattering(DLS), turbidimetric and electrophoretic mobility measurementswere also applied. These techniques give complementaryinformation, and together they can provide a rather detailedpicture of the fairly complex systems studied. The first system studied was designed to explore particleinteractions in non-polar media. It consisted of polar or,alternatively, non-polar surfaces immersed in a non-polarmedium, triolein, in some cases containing additives such asphospholipids, polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR), and traceamounts of water. It was investigated how triolein mediates thesurface interactions and how these interactions are affected bythe presence of additives. Triolein adsorbs onto mica surfacesthus producing a barrier against flocculation of the particles.The additives mentioned interact with the surfaces and witheach other, thus altering the surface interactions. Water, forinstance, being strongly polar, preferentially adsorbs ontomica and disturbs the triolein ordering at the mica surfacescausing the barrier against flocculation to vanish. Owing tocapillary condensation of water, a strong adhesion between thesurfaces is instead developed. On the other hand, it could beshown that in the presence of phospholipids, the effect ofwater was opposite: long-range repulsive forces develop due toweakly adsorbed reversed phospholipid aggregates. The second type of system studied contained cationicpolyelectrolytes and oppositely charged surfactants. Suchsystems occur in numerous technological processes: wastewatertreatment and ore recovery as well as laundry and body care.Polyelectrolytes and surfactants associate in bulk solution,and they also adsorb on surfaces. Thus, the relation betweenthe bulk properties of polyelectrolyte-surfactant mixtures andtheir properties at the solid-liquid interface is of greatscientific and industrial interest. The bulk properties ofpolyelectrolyte-surfactant aggregates were characterised byDLS, SANS, turbidimetry and electrophoretic mobilitymeasurements. It was concluded that to a certain extent theinterfacial properties of polyelectrolyte-surfactant aggregatescan be rationalised by considering their bulk properties.However, it was also shown that the presence of a surfaceaffects the association between polyelectrolytes andsurfactants. The chemical composition of adsorbed aggregates isdifferent from that of aggregates in solution, and, moreover,the structure of surface-bound polyelectrolyte-surfactantaggregates changes slowly with time. Keywords:Triolein, phosphatidiylethanolamine,phospholipid, lecithin, capillary condensation, polyglycerolpolyricinoleate, aggregation, adsorption, surface forces,structural forces, mica, polar surface, non-polar surface,polyelectrolyte, surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate,polyelectrolyte-surfactant association, turbidity,electrophoretic mobility, AFM, SANS, DLS, SFA.NR 2014080