Instalación de un complejo acuatico municipal

El objetivo del presente proyecto es el de alimentar en media tensión un complejo deportivo municipal situado en la ciudad de Igualada. Para ello se tendrán en cuenta las cargas que debemos alimentar, ya sean las cargas del polideportivo a diseñar, como los campos de futbol exteriores o las zonas de jardín y aparcamiento exteriores. El polideportivo a diseñar es la remodelación de un antiguo polideportivo, el cual quedó obsoleto y se le quiere dar nuevas aplicaciones. La remodelación es el aprovechamiento de la antigua pista de hockey para crear una zona para espectáculos. Se creara un escenario, un patio de sillas y se modificaran las gradas ya existentes. También se creara una zona restaurante donde antes había una sala para la práctica del tenis mesa. Una vez tenemos los cambios arquitectónicos hechos, procederemos a hacer la instalación eléctrica, en la cual debemos tener en cuenta la iluminación necesaria para cada dependencia, para ello utilizaremos el programa DIALux, para calcular los puntos de luz necesarios. También tendremos en cuenta el consumo de la maquinaria de hostelería utilizada en las zonas de bar y restaurante así como la potencia de las máquinas de climatización. Una vez tenemos toda la previsión de cargas hecha, se calculan las líneas que alimentaran dichas cargas y las protecciones necesarias. También calcularemos la instalación de agua caliente sanitaria la cual utilizaremos para abastecer las duchas y las zonas de bar y restaurante. La climatización se calculara solo para las zonas de pública concurrencia. También realizaremos un estudio de seguridad contra incendios e iluminación de emergencia. Una vez hecha la previsión de cargas eléctricas, calcularemos el centro de transformación adecuado para alimentar dicho complejo deportivo. Finalmente se ha realizado un pequeño estudio de seguridad y salud para los trabajadores que tendrán que realizar las instalaciones correspondientes

Revisión bibliográfica del pie equinovaro congénito infantil a propósito de un caso clínico con tratamiento precoz

Treball Final de Grau de Podologia, Escola Universitària d'Infermeria, Universitat de Barcelona, curs: 2014-2015, Tutor: Germán Álvarez MartínezIntroducción: Existen diferentes sistemas de clasificación del pie equinovaro congénito que permiten la rápida evaluación y estadificación del mismo. Objetivos e hipótesis: Evaluar qué métodos de clasificación y de puntuación de la deformidad, son los más utilizados; determinar cuál resulta más eficaz para el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la deformidad; y comprobar si el sistema de clasificación Dimeglio, es una herramienta útil de evaluación temprana. Material y métodos: Búsqueda bibliográfica en base de datos de Internet, revistas y libros online de traumatología y ortopedia. Así como el uso de material exploratorio para el caso clínico presentado. Resultados: La evaluación clínica del paciente con el sistema de clasificación Dimeglio y Pirani, demuestran cierta discrepancia entre ambos métodos. Conclusión: El sistema de clasificación Dimeglio es una herramienta útil en la evaluación temprana del pie equinovaro congénito bilateral infantil, cuando el paciente ha sido tratado mediante el método Ponset

Co-located wave and offshore wind farms: A preliminary approach to the shadow effect

In recent years, with the consolidation of offshore wind technology and the progress carried out for wave energy technology, the option of combine both technologies has arisen. This combination rest mainly in two main reasons: in one hand, to increase the sustainability of both energies by means of a more rational harnessing of the natural resources; in the other hand, to reduce the costs of both technologies by sharing some of the most important costs of an offshore project. In addition to these two powerful reasons there are a number of technology synergies between wave and wind systems which makes their combination even more suitable. Co-located projects are one of the alternatives to combine wave-wind systems, and it is specially for these project were so-called shadow effect synergy becomes meaningful. In particular, this paper deals with the co-location of Wave Energy Conversion (WEC) technologies into a conventional offshore wind farm. More specifically, an overtopping type of WEC technology was considered in this work to study the effects of its co-location with a conventional offshore wind park. This study aims to give a preliminary approach to the shadow effect and its implications for both wave and offshore wind energies

CO-LOCATED WAVE AND OFFSHORE WIND FARMS: A PRELIMINARY CASE STUDY OF AN HYBRID ARRAY

In recent years, with the consolidation of offshore wind technology and the progress carried out for wave energy technology, the option of co-locate both technologies at the same marine area has arisen. Co-located projects are a combined solution to tackle the shared challenge of reducing technology costs or a more sustainable use of the natural resources. In particular, this paper deals with the co-location of Wave Energy Conversion (WEC) technologies into a conventional offshore wind farm. More specifically, an overtopping type of WEC technology was considered in this work to study the effects of its co-location with a conventional offshore wind park

Re[eco]nectando: intercambiador de transportes ecológicos en la Casa de Campo, Madrid

La idea de proyecto surge al analizar los límites de la Casa de Campo. La A5 crea una brecha entre ambas zonas de la ciudad, además de atraer una gran carga diaria de vehículos, contaminación y ruido. El objetivo es crear un econodo que sirva de intercambiador entre diferentes alternativas de movilidad, promoviendo el uso de transportes ecológicos, facilitando la entrada a Madrid Central o a las zonas SER. Se propone un econodo en cada entrada de la ciudad para dejar el tráfico contaminante fuera, de manera que actúe como sumidero de CO2. Se idea un edificio basado en 2 rampas helicoidales opuestas, creando 2 circulaciones diferenciadas. El interior se organiza por anillos: en el anillo perimetral exterior se genera un espacio para instalaciones, en el anillo contiguo se ubican los vehículos eléctricos de alquiler, el anillo central se dedica a la circulación en ambos sentidos, y en el anillo interior se aparcan los vehículos particulares. La planta inferior es un vestíbulo de intercambio de metro, bicicletas, bicis eléctricas, patinetes, segways, bicis de campo o patines. En la parte central se ubica una ladera artificial, que cubre un gran aljibe donde acumular el agua de lluvia y reutilizarla para distintos usos del edificio. En la planta superior habrá un gimnasio en el que los usuarios generen energía eléctrica con el movimiento de las máquinas. A través de él, se llega a la cubierta, donde se ve la panorámica de la Casa de Campo. En la cubierta se instalan zonas vegetadas, que funcionan como cubierta-aljibe, para el auto mantenimiento de la vegetación. Se da respuesta a una necesidad actual que pide repensar la forma de movernos y de comunicar la ciudad. No solo es un aparcamiento, sino que se crea un nuevo punto de encuentro entre ciudad, campo y personas.Máster Universitario en Arquitectura (M154

Coastal defence using wave farms: The role of farm-to-coast distance

The location of a wave farm and, in particular, its distance to the coast is one of the key aspects in a wave energy project. The effects of the farm on the coast, which can be instrumental in mitigating storm-induced erosion and thus contribute to coastal defence, are sometimes disregarded in selecting its location, possibly due to the inexistence of an ad hoc methodology. In this context, the objective of this work is to examine the influence of the farm-to-coast distance through a sensitivity analysis in a case study: Perranporth (UK). The impacts of a wave farm on the beach morphology are examined in four scenarios with different farm-to-coast distances using a high-resolution suite of numerical models. The results show that a wave farm closest to the beach offers the highest degree of coastal protection (up to 20% of beach erosion reduction). The downside of this enhanced coastal protection is that the wave resource available at this location would be slightly smaller (approx. 10%) than in the case of the wave farms further from the coast. More generally, we find that the farm-to-coast distance is a critical variable in determining the effectiveness of a wave farm for coastal defence.The location of a wave farm and, in particular, its distance to the coast is one of the key aspects in a wave energy project. The effects of the farm on the coast, which can be instrumental in mitigating storm-induced erosion and thus contribute to coastal defence, are sometimes disregarded in selecting its location, possibly due to the inexistence of an ad hoc methodology. In this context, the objective of this work is to examine the influence of the farm-to-coast distance through a sensitivity analysis in a case study: Perranporth (UK). The impacts of a wave farm on the beach morphology are examined in four scenarios with different farm-to-coast distances using a high-resolution suite of numerical models. The results show that a wave farm closest to the beach offers the highest degree of coastal protection (up to 20% of beach erosion reduction). The downside of this enhanced coastal protection is that the wave resource available at this location would be slightly smaller (approx. 10%) than in the case of the wave farms further from the coast. More generally, we find that the farm-to-coast distance is a critical variable in determining the effectiveness of a wave farm for coastal defence

Coastal defence through wave farms

The possibility of using wave farms for coastal defence warrants investigation because wave energy is poised to become a major renewable in many countries over the next decades. The fundamental question in this regard is whether a wave farm can be used to reduce beach erosion under storm conditions. If the answer to this question is positive, then a wave farm can have coastal defence as a subsidiary function, in addition to its primary role of producing carbon-free energy. The objective of this work is to address this question by comparing the response of a beach in the face of a storm in two scenarios: with and without the wave farm. For this comparison a set of ad hoc impact indicators is developed: the bed level impact (BLI), beach face eroded area (FEA), non-dimensional erosion reduction (NER), and mean cumulative eroded area (CEA); and their values are determined by means of two coupled models: a high-resolution wave propagation model (SWAN) and a coastal processes model (XBeach). The study is conducted through a case study: Perranporth Beach (UK). Backed by a well-developed dune system, Perranporth has a bar between − 5 m and − 10 m. The results show that the wave farm reduces the eroded volume by as much as 50% and thus contributes effectively to coastal protection. This synergy between marine renewable energy and coastal defence may well contribute to improving the viability of wave farms through savings in conventional coastal protection.The possibility of using wave farms for coastal defence warrants investigation because wave energy is poised to become a major renewable in many countries over the next decades. The fundamental question in this regard is whether a wave farm can be used to reduce beach erosion under storm conditions. If the answer to this question is positive, then a wave farm can have coastal defence as a subsidiary function, in addition to its primary role of producing carbon-free energy. The objective of this work is to address this question by comparing the response of a beach in the face of a storm in two scenarios: with and without the wave farm. For this comparison a set of ad hoc impact indicators is developed: the bed level impact (BLI), beach face eroded area (FEA), non-dimensional erosion reduction (NER), and mean cumulative eroded area (CEA); and their values are determined by means of two coupled models: a high-resolution wave propagation model (SWAN) and a coastal processes model (XBeach). The study is conducted through a case study: Perranporth Beach (UK). Backed by a well-developed dune system, Perranporth has a bar between − 5 m and − 10 m. The results show that the wave farm reduces the eroded volume by as much as 50% and thus contributes effectively to coastal protection. This synergy between marine renewable energy and coastal defence may well contribute to improving the viability of wave farms through savings in conventional coastal protection

High-temperature thermochemical energy storage based on redox reactions using Co-Fe and Mn-Fe mixed metal oxides

Metal oxides are potential materials for thermochemical heat storage via reversible endothermal/exothermal redox reactions, and among them, cobalt oxide and manganese oxide are attracting attention. The synthesis of mixed oxides is considered as a way to answer the drawbacks of pure metal oxides, such as slow reaction kinetics, loss-in-capacity over cycles or sintering issues, and the materials potential for thermochemical heat storage application needs to be assessed. This work proposes a study combining thermodynamic calculations and experimental measurements by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis and calorimetry, in order to identify the impact of iron oxide addition to Co and Mn-based oxides. Fe addition decreased the redox activity and energy storage capacity of Co3O4/CoO, whereas the reaction rate, reversibility and cycling stability of Mn2O3/Mn3O4 was significantly enhanced with added Fe amounts above ~15 mol%, and the energy storage capacity was slightly improved. The formation of a reactive cubic spinel explained the improved re-oxidation yield of Mn-based oxides that could be cycled between bixbyite and cubic spinel phases, whereas a low reactive tetragonal spinel phase showing poor re-oxidation was formed below 15 mol% Fe. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations predict accurately the behavior of both systems. The possibility to identify other suitable mixed oxides becomes conceivable, by enabling the selection of transition metal additives for tuning the redox properties of mixed metal oxides destined for thermochemical energy storage applications

Wave farm impact on beach modal state

The extraction of wave energy by the Wave Energy Converters (WECs) forming a wave farm results in a milder wave climate in its lee, which can have an impact on coastal processes. The objective of this work is to determine whether the beach morphology can be altered by the operation of the wave farm, and if so, to quantify this alteration. For this purpose, we examine how the farm affects the modal state of the beach with reference to a baseline (no farm) scenario. The modal state is defined based on an empirical classification that accounts for wave conditions, tidal regime and sediment size. As a beach typically goes through different modal states, we determine the percentages of time in an average year corresponding to each state in the baseline scenario, and how these percentages are altered by a wave farm as a function of its distance from the coast. This methodology is illustrated through a case study: Perranporth Beach (UK), an area of great potential for wave energy development. High-resolution numerical modelling is used, with two levels of grid refinement. We find that the wave farm has a relevant impact on the modal state of the system, which passes from wave-dominated to tide-dominated during significant periods of time. The sensitivity analysis, involving three cases with the farm at distances of 2. km, 4. km and 6. km from the beach, showed that the farm-to-coast distance plays a major role. Thus, the shift from a wave- to a tide-dominated beach is exacerbated in the case of the wave farm closest to the coastline, with the submarine bar vanishing over long periods of time. We conclude that the presence of the wave farm drastically alters the morphological response of the beach, and that this alteration is strongly dependent on the farm-to-coast distance