Opinion Piece: Are Big Data Judgements About Health Or Personality More Accurate Than Those Made By Humans? An Anthropological Critique In Relation To The Quantified Self Movement.

The paper presents a critical anthropological gaze at the difference in accuracy between human and big data judgements on health or personality, where the latter are engendered by wearables and self-trackers. Referencing journalistic and ethnographic literature, particularly on the Quantified Self movement, it argues for a resituating of this debate in the negotiations of big data by users in the everyday. The calibrations of health and personality are lived and phenomenologically experienced, and therefore continuously constructed by as also constructing the self in the cultural. At the same time, the paper cautions that an overt focus on individual interpretation and therefore individual agency distracts at once from big data’s social and political considerations, the temporality of the question of its accuracy, as well as the separate valence it commands depending upon the level of abstraction or aggregation of the judgement. The debate then warrants a repositioning as not between human or computer-based judgments, but between the potentialities of becoming-human of big-data and becoming-big data of the user

Clinical profile of ocular trauma in a tertiary care hospital of Southern Rajasthan

Background: Ocular trauma is a major cause of preventable visual impairment and blindness leading to permanent loss of vision and deterioration of quality of life. 90% of the injuries are preventable. Aim of the current study was to study the clinical profile of patients with ocular trauma at a tertiary care hospital in Southern Rajasthan. Current study was a cross- sectional, observational study was conducted at Geetanjali medical college and hospital, Udaipur.Methods: After taking a well-informed consent a generalized detailed history of 108 cases (123 injured eyes) was obtained. Assessment of best corrected visual acuity, near vision, intraocular pressure, slit-lamp evaluation and dilated fundus examination was carried out. Then injury was classified as per BETTS classification. Patients with corneal foreign bodies and chemical injuries were recorded separately. Imaging modalities like ultrasound B-scan, CT-scan and MRI were employed wherever required. Results: Number of males (98) was much higher than females (9) in our study. Male: female ratio was found to be 10.8:1. The most commonly affected age group was 21-30 years, this highlights the alarmingly high incidence of ocular injuries in economically active young males. Farming is the primary occupation across India, hence it deserves a special mention. 22% of injury cases in our study were farm- work related injuries. Farmers need to be educated and provided eye protective equipment during high-risk activities. Laws regarding agricultural code of practice should be implemented and followed.Conclusions: In our study, not a single case out of 108 had used eye protection at the time of injury. Every effort should be made to create awareness regarding use of safety measures during driving and engaging in high-risk occupations. This will help prevent sight-threatening complications of ocular trauma and the deleterious impact on quality of life

Vps35 Mediates Vesicle Transport between the Mitochondria and Peroxisomes

SummaryMitochondria-derived vesicles (MDVs) have been shown to transport cargo from the mitochondria to the peroxisomes [1]. Mitochondria and peroxisomes share common functions in the oxidation of fatty acids and the reduction of damaging peroxides [2, 3]. Their biogenesis is also linked through both the activation of master transcription factors such as PGC-1α [4, 5] and the common use of fission machinery, including DRP1, Mff, and hFis1 [6–9]. We have previously shown that MDVs are formed independently of the known mitochondrial fission GTPase Drp1 and are enriched for a mitochondrial small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase called MAPL (mitochondrial-anchored protein ligase) [1]. Here, we demonstrate that the retromer complex, a known component of vesicle transport from the endosome to the Golgi apparatus [10–13], regulates the transport of MAPL from mitochondria to peroxisomes. An unbiased screen shows that Vps35 and Vps26 are found in complex with MAPL, and confocal imaging reveals Vps35 recruitment to mitochondrial vesicles. Silencing of Vps35 or Vps26A leads to a significant reduction in the delivery of MAPL to peroxisomes, placing the retromer within a novel intracellular trafficking route and providing insight into the formation of MAPL-positive MDVs

Tuberculosis of the talus in a 2-year-old: a diagnostic dilemma

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis involving the ankle and foot is a rare entity with its prevalence being ever rarer in the pediatric population. Here, we report the case of a two-year-old female child who presented with a gradually progressive non-traumatic swelling involving the right foot and ankle since two months. The patient was initially managed by a local doctor with immobilization of the foot and ankle in a slab for three weeks. Blood investigations were suggestive of an inflammatory process and a lytic lesion involving the talus was seen on radiographs. The patient was managed with debridement and curettage of the lesion along with anti-tubercular chemotherapy as per pediatric dosage for one year. The patient was asymptomatic at latest follow-up of one year and radiographs showed that lytic lesion had resolved

Simulation Study of Microwave Heating of Hematite and Coal Mixture

Temperature distribution in hematite ore mixed with 7.5% coal was predicted by solving a 1-D heat conduction equation using an implicit finite difference approach. In this work, a square slab of 20 cm x 20 cm was considered, which assumed the coal to be uniformly mixed with hematite ore. MATLAB 2018a software was used to solve the equations. Heat transfer effects in this one dimensional slab having convective and the radiative boundary conditions are also considered in this study. Temperature distribution is obtained inside the hematite slab by considering microwave heating time, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, carbon percentage, sample dimensions, and many other factors, such as penetration depth, permittivity, and permeability of coal and hematite ore mixtures. The resulting temperature profile used as a guiding tool for optimizing the microwave-assisted carbothermal reduction process of hematite slab which was extended to other dimensions as well, viz., 1 cm x 1 cm, 5 cm x 5 cm, 10 cm x 10 cm, and 20 cm x 20 cm. The model predictions are in good agreement with experimental results

Understanding the Magnetic Microstructure through Experiments and Machine Learning Algorithms

Advanced machine learning techniques have unfurled their applications in various interdisciplinary areas of research and development. This paper highlights the use of image regression algorithms based on advanced neural networks to understand the magnetic properties directly from the magnetic microstructure. In this study, Co/Pd multilayers have been chosen as a reference material system that displays maze-like magnetic domains in pristine conditions. Irradiation of Ar+ ions with two different energies (50 and 100 keV) at various fluences was used as an external perturbation to investigate the modification of magnetic and structural properties from a state of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy to the vicinity of the spin reorientation transition. Magnetic force microscopy revealed domain fragmentation with a smaller periodicity and weaker magnetic contrast up to the fluence of 1014 ions/cm2. Further increases in the ion fluence result in the formation of feather-like domains with a variation in local magnetization distribution. The experimental results were complemented with micromagnetic simulations, where the variations of effective magnetic anisotropy and exchange constant result in qualitatively similar changes in magnetic domains, as observed experimentally. Importantly, a set of 960 simulated domain images was generated to train, validate, and test the convolutional neural network (CNN) that predicts the magnetic properties directly from the domain images with a high level of accuracy (maximum 93.9%). Our work has immense importance in promoting the applications of image regression methods through the CNN in understanding integral magnetic properties obtained from the microscopic features subject to change under external perturbations. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved

Mapping Concurrent Wasting and Stunting Among Children Under Five in India: A Multilevel Analysis

Objectives: The study aims to examine the coexisting forms, patterns, and predictors of concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) among children under five in India.Methods: We used data from the National Family Health Survey to understand the trend and association of WaSt among children under five-year-old in India. Univariate analysis and cross-tabulations were performed for WaSt cases. The association was determined using multilevel binary logistic regression and multilevel regression, and the results were provided as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals at the significance level of p < 0.05.Results: The prevalence of WaSt has decreased from 8.7% in 2005–06 to 5.2 percent in 2019–2020. The proportion of WaSt children grew rapidly from 6 to 18 months, peaked at 19 months (8%), then dropped after 24 months. The prevalence of concurrent wasting and stunting is higher among boys compared to girls. Compared to children of different birth orders, those in the higher birth order are 1.2 times more likely to be WaSt cases (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.09, 1.33). The education of the mother is strongly correlated with WaSt instances, and children of more educated mothers have a 47% lower chance of being WaSt cases (aOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.57, 0.71). Children from wealthy families are 52% less likely to be WaSt cases (aOR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.43, 0.55).Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of concurrent wasting and stunting and its relationship with socioeconomic factors among children under five in India

A conceptual framework for the adoption of big data analytics by e-commerce startups: a case-based approach

E-commerce start-ups have ventured into emerging economies and are growing at a significantly faster pace. Big data has acted like a catalyst in their growth story. Big data analytics (BDA) has attracted e-commerce firms to invest in the tools and gain cutting edge over their competitors. The process of adoption of these BDA tools by e-commerce start-ups has been an area of interest as successful adoption would lead to better results. The present study aims to develop an interpretive structural model (ISM) which would act as a framework for efficient implementation of BDA. The study uses hybrid multi criteria decision making processes to develop the framework and test the same using a real-life case study. Systematic review of literature and discussion with experts resulted in exploring 11 enablers of adoption of BDA tools. Primary data collection was done from industry experts to develop an ISM framework and fuzzy MICMAC analysis is used to categorize the enablers of the adoption process. The framework is then tested by using a case study. Thematic clustering is performed to develop a simple ISM framework followed by fuzzy analytical network process (ANP) to discuss the association and ranking of enablers. The results indicate that access to relevant data forms the base of the framework and would act as the strongest enabler in the adoption process while the company rates technical skillset of employees as the most important enabler. It was also found that there is a positive correlation between the ranking of enablers emerging out of ISM and ANP. The framework helps in simplifying the strategies any e-commerce company would follow to adopt BDA in future. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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