至死不休與溫柔敦厚 : 從女性主義看〈霍小玉傳〉和〈鶯鶯傳〉

〈霍小玉傳〉與〈鶯鶯傳〉兩篇唐朝傳奇同樣反映了當時婦女所受的種種如良賤不婚等制度的壓逼，兩人同樣遭遇被拋棄的命運，但二人對感情的態度卻截然不同：小玉的至死不休與鶯鶯的溫柔敦厚是兩個極端。 其實這兩篇小說，如果從女性主義立場而言，顯示了被壓逼（Oppresskm)進而反抗及被壓逼而壓抑（repression)自己的內心意欲的兩個方向

水神、溺籍與歷險 : 論《聊齋誌異‧織成》

《聊齋誌異》三會本卷----《織成》一文，述柳生在洞庭歷險。篇中出現洞庭水神、水將：柳毅、南將軍和毛將軍，鮮見於其他文獻，因而顯得珍貴。有關“溺籍”(溺水而死者)之載亦相當特别，有助了解遇溺及水鬼之謎。至於柳生因洞庭奇遇，娶神婢織成，並獲赠財富，便爲其下第，失意於科舉的欠缺，作出補償

夢的啟示 : 李公佐 :《南柯太守傳》

〈南柯太守傳〉是個借夢境展示人生無常“無以名位，驕於天壤間”的諷刺寓言，淳于棼從夢中出發、經歷考驗，深深體驗人生之盛衰、順逆、變遷之無常，回歸現實世界時，因而能夠了悟人生倏忽及名利虛誕的道理，完成啟悟歷程，而夢境中所展現的螞蟻世界，與真實人生並列，收到低眨效果，從而令主角捨棄意志(Will) “棲心道門，棄絕酒色”，淳于棼的夢可被視為預示性之夢(prospective dream)

怪誕的“錢奴”世界 : 《常言道》

《常言道》藉小人國、大人國，這些虛構異域，來表達諷剌。書中所描寫的人物， 如錢士命、施利仁、化僧、妒斌、軒格蜡娘娘等人，他們溺於物質欲求，表現滑稽、荒 謬及可笑。另一方面，金錢、財富的追求，亦揭示自私、貪狠而殘酷的醜陋人生。滑稽 與恐怖交織成怪誕的不協調（incongruity)，而怪誕的手法，亦有助帶出強烈的諷剌效果。 《常言道》這本小說，可被視為怪誕諷剌的作品

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe