ACERCA DEL CICLO DE VIDA DE CUCULLANUS PINNAI PINNAI (TRAVASSOS, ARTIGAS & PEREIRA, 1928) (NEMATODA: CUCULLANIDAE) PARÁSITO DE RHAMDIA QUELEN (QUOY & GAIMARD, 1824) (SILURIFORMES) EN SU DISTRIBUCIÓN MÁS MERIDIONAL

A pesar de la ubicuidad de Cucullanus spp. en los ecosistemas acuáticos de todo el mundo, su desarrollo embionario y post-embrionario, así como los patrones de transmisión, siguen siendo poco conocidos y, en algunos casos, controvertidos. En el presente estudio se proporcionan datos comparativos y embriológicos de Cucullanus pinnai pinnai (Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928). Los nematodes adultos provenientes de Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Heptapteridae) se describen e ilustran mediante microfotografía electrónica de barrido. Se obtuvieron huevos de hembras grávidas y se siguió el desarrollo embrionario y larvario in vitro. Las etapas L y L se describen e ilustran por primera vez. El 2 3 desarrollo embrionario de C. pinnai pinnai es muy rápido a 20-22°C. En cinco días tiene lugar la eclosión y las L libres permanecen vivas menos de dos semanas. Se plantea la hipótesis de un patrón de transmisión 2 heteroxeno que involucra a R. quelen como hospedador definitivo y Bryconamericus iheringii (Boulenger, 1887) (Characidae) como hospedador intermediario

Attenuation of RNA polymerase II pausing mitigates BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and tumorigenesis.

Most BRCA1-associated breast tumours are basal-like yet originate from luminal progenitors. BRCA1 is best known for its functions in double-strand break repair and resolution of DNA replication stress. However, it is unclear whether loss of these ubiquitously important functions fully explains the cell lineage-specific tumorigenesis. In vitro studies implicate BRCA1 in elimination of R-loops, DNA-RNA hybrid structures involved in transcription and genetic instability. Here we show that R-loops accumulate preferentially in breast luminal epithelial cells, not in basal epithelial or stromal cells, of BRCA1 mutation carriers. Furthermore, R-loops are enriched at the 5' end of those genes with promoter-proximal RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pausing. Genetic ablation of Cobra1, which encodes a Pol II-pausing and BRCA1-binding protein, ameliorates R-loop accumulation and reduces tumorigenesis in Brca1-knockout mouse mammary epithelium. Our studies show that Pol II pausing is an important contributor to BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and breast cancer development

Plan de negocio para determinar la viabilidad de vender jugos detox en Lima Metropolitana

El presente plan de negocios, justificado y sustentado en las nuevas tendencias de alimentaci?n saludable, determinar? la viabilidad de la tienda online de jugos detox en Lima Metropolitana. Para llevar a cabo el negocio ser? necesario considerar los aspectos ecol?gicos, tecnol?gicos, legales y entre otros analizados en el documento. El mercado de jugos d?tox es un mercado relativamente nuevo, sin embargo, ya cuenta con m?s de seis competidores por lo que nuestra propuesta est? enfocada en lograr una clara diferenciaci?n basada en las preferencias e insights hallados durante la etapa de investigaci?n. Existe una oportunidad importante en este nicho de mercado, ya que es un segmento con poder adquisitivo alto, con necesidades afines a nuestro servicio, el cual permite lograr interesantes m?rgenes de contribuci?n, dada la tendencia del segmento por consumir alimentos y bebidas saludables. Es as? que nuestras fortalezas y oportunidades buscar?n superar las expectativas de los clientes a trav?s de la estrategia, plan de marketing, operaciones y recursos humanos desarrollados, todos ellos integrados con el fin intervenir en todos los puntos de contacto. Finalmente, validaremos el negocio a trav?s del plan financiero desarrollando proyecciones esperadas, optimistas y pesimistas, concluyendo con la viabilidad del mismo

Attenuation of RNA polymerase II pausing mitigates BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and tumorigenesis

Most BRCA1-associated breast tumours are basal-like yet originate from luminal progenitors. BRCA1 is best known for its functions in double-strand break repair and resolution of DNA replication stress. However, it is unclear whether loss of these ubiquitously important functions fully explains the cell lineage-specific tumorigenesis. In vitro studies implicate BRCA1 in elimination of R-loops, DNA-RNA hybrid structures involved in transcription and genetic instability. Here we show that R-loops accumulate preferentially in breast luminal epithelial cells, not in basal epithelial or stromal cells, of BRCA1 mutation carriers. Furthermore, R-loops are enriched at the 50 end of those genes with promoter-proximal RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pausing. Genetic ablation of Cobra1, which encodes a Pol II-pausing and BRCA1-binding protein, ameliorates R-loop accumulation and reduces tumorigenesis in Brca1-knockout mouse mammary epithelium. Our studies show that Pol II pausing is an important contributor to BRCA1-associated R-loop accumulation and breast cancer development

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Temas De Derechos Humanos-DE361-201801

Temas de Derechos Humanos es un curso electivo de la carrera; de carácter teórico que busca desarrollar la competencia general manejo de la información y la específica investigación jurídica