50 research outputs found
Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe
Informality in organization and research : a review and a proposal
The growing interest in informal and emergent features of organizations has
accompanied changes both in the dominant forms of organization and prevailing
academic views about how best to think about and research them. It is argued here
that currently espoused dichotomous characterizations of both organizations and
research approaches are over-simplified and misleading.
A review of types of organisation research is conducted and it is suggested that the
relationship between theory and data collection provides a more detailed and
illuminating taxonomy than a distinction between qualitative and quantitative
research. Two major distinctions are proposed: [1] between theory driven and
phenomenon driven research; [2] between descriptive and prescriptive theory. It is
suggested that organization theory is properly prescriptive in nature.
The place of informality in organization and management studies is explicated,
drawing on insights from Wittgenstein and ethnomethodology (EM). A distinction is
drawn between [1] the degree of formality in particular organizational settings and [2]
the necessarily informal foundations of formal organizational schemes and methods.
Finally, the organization of research itself is addressed. A prescriptive theory (TFV)
is suggested as a means of organizing and accounting for the research process. This
suggestion serves as both [1] a proposal for research management and [2] an
illustration of the relationship between theory and organization