Selection of touch gestures for children’s applications: repeated experiment to increase reliability

This paper discusses the selection of touch gestures for children’s applications. This research investigates the gestures that children aged between 2 to 4 years old can manage on the iPad device. Two experiments were conducted for this research. The first experiment was carried out in United Kingdom. The second experiment was carried out in Malaysia. The two similar experiments were carried out to increase the reliability and refine the result. This study shows that children aged 4 years have no problem using the 7 common gestures found in iPad applications. Some children aged 3 years have problem with two of the gestures. A high percentage of children aged 2 years struggled with the free rotate, drag & drop, pinch and spread gestures. This paper also discusses the Additional Criteria for the use of Gestures, Interface Design Components and Research on Children using iPad and Applications

Discordant severity criteria in patients with moderate aortic stenosis: prognostic implications

Background The criteria to define the grade of aortic stenosis (AS)-aortic valve area (AVA) and mean gradient (MG) or peak jet velocity-do not always coincide into one grade. Although in severe AS, this discrepancy is well characterised, in moderate AS, the phenomenon of discordant grading has not been investigated and its prognostic implications are unknown.Objectives To investigate the occurrence of discordant grading in patients with moderate AS (defined by an AVA between 1.0 cm(2) and 1.5 cm(2) but with an MG = 20 mm Hg) in terms of clinical outcomes.Methods From an ongoing registry of patients with AS, patients with moderate AS based on AVA were selected and classified into discordant or concordant grading (MG = 20 mm Hg, respectively). The clinical endpoint was all-cause mortality.Results Of 790 patients with moderate AS, 150 (19.0%) had discordant grading, moderate AS. Patients with discordant grading were older, had higher prevalence of previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, larger LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume index, higher LV filling pressure and lower LV ejection fraction and stroke volume index as compared with their counterparts. After a median follow-up of 4.9 years (IQR 3.0-8.2), patients with discordant grading had lower aortic valve replacement rates (26.7% vs 44.1%, p<0.001) and higher mortality rates (60.0% vs 43.1%, p<0.001) as compared with patients with concordant grading. Discordant grading moderate AS, combined with low LV ejection fraction, presented the higher risk of mortality (HR 2.78 (2.00-3.87), p<0.001).Conclusion Discordant-grading moderate AS is not uncommon and, when combined with low LV ejection fraction, is associated with high risk of mortality.Cardiolog

7th Drug hypersensitivity meeting: part two

No abstract availabl

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Effects of mercury on cytochrome P-450 levels in mouse hepatic microsomes

Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Environmental Science and Engineering2861409-1419JESE

Multi-axial spine biomechanical testing system with speckle displacement instrumentation

10.1115/1.1493803Journal of Biomechanical Engineering1244471-477JBEN

Prognostic Implications of Associated Cardiac Abnormalities Detected on Echocardiography in Patients With Moderate Aortic Stenosis

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic value of the extent of extra-aortic valvular cardiac abnormalities in a large multicenter registry of patients with moderate AS.BACKGROUND The prognostic significance of a new classification system that incorporates the extent of cardiac injury (beyond the aortic valve) has been proposed in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Whether this can be applied to patients with moderate AS is unclear.METHODS Based on the echocardiographic findings at the time of diagnosis of moderate AS (aortic valve area between 1.0 and 1.5 cm(2) and dimensionless velocity index ratio of >= 0.25), a total of 1,245 patients were included and analyzed retrospectively. They were recategorized into 5 groups according to the extent of extra-aortic valvular cardiac abnormalities: none (Group 0), involving the left ventricle (Group 1), the left atrial or mitral valve (Group 2), the pulmonary artery vasculature or tricuspid valve (Group 3), or the right ventricle (Group 4). Patients were followed for all-cause mortality and combined endpoint (all-cause mortality, stroke, heart failure, or myocardial infarction).RESULTS The distribution of patients according to the proposed classification was 13.1%, 26.8%, 42.6%, 10.6%, and 6.9% in Groups 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. During a median follow-up of 4.3 (2.4 to 6.9) years, 564 (45.3%) patients died. There was a significant higher mortality rates with increasing extent of extra-aortic valvular cardiac abnormalities (log-rank p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, the presence of extra-aortic valvular cardiac abnormalities remained independently associated with all-cause mortality and combined outcome, adjusted for aortic valve replacement as a time-dependent covariable. In particular, Group 2 and above were independently associated with all-cause mortality.CONCLUSIONS In patients with moderate AS, the presence of extra-aortic valvular cardiac abnormalities is associated with poor outcome. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.Cardiolog