Effect of Sm Doping on Structural and Dielectric Properties of CoFe2O4 Ferrite

Samarium doped cobalt ferrite, CoSmxFe2 – xO4 in which x varies as 0.0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method. The impact of samarium doping on structural and dielectric properties is studied. The phase formation is confirmed by using XRD technique. The reflection peak broadening increases with increase in Sm concentration. The grain size is calculated by using scanning electron microscope image. The variation in dielectric constant (ɛʼ) and dielectric loss (tanδ) as a function of frequency in the range 20 Hz to 1 MHz is studied. The dielectric constant is enhanced with increase in Sm concentration and decreases with increase in frequency

A recent review on Nanoemulsion as a topical delivery system of antipsoriatic drugs

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are a chronic skin disease of autoimmune system that is identified as patches of abnormal skin, affecting 2-5% of the world’s population. Psoriasis is an incurable lifetime disease which can be controlled and relieved through medication. Various approaches have been explored to treat the disease. Treatment of psoriasis includes topical therapy, systemic therapy and phototherapy. Topical therapy is the main psoriasis treatment. However, the conventional topical treatment such as gel and cream have low efficiency to  poor cosmetic and aesthetic appeal leading to poor patient compliance or adherence. Nanoemulsions are transparent or translucent dispersions, having the droplet size less than 100 nm with ultra-low interfacial tension, large o/w interfacial areas and long term physical stability recently, much attention has been paid to the application of Nano emulsion as drug delivery system. A small droplet size would enhance the drug delivery and penetration of a drug through the psoriasis skin layer. A good selection of oils and surfactants would enhance the transdermal treatment efficacy in psoriatic patient. Keywords: Nano emulsion topical drug delivery, psoriatic treatmen

Floating type drug delivery system: a review

Floating Type drug delivery system retains the dosage form for a long span. They provide local delivery to specific region like stomach and proximal small intestine and shows better bioavailability and improve therapeutic activity and substantial benefit to patients. FDDS is one of the novel drug delivery system to prolong gastric retention time. Various forms of gastro retentive drug delivery system, such as floating and non- floating. Keywords: Floating Drug Delivery System, Classification effervescent, non-effervescent, and Factors affecting FDDS

Current Challenges in Non-Invasive Insulin Drug Delivery System: A Review

The Frederick Banting and Charles Best extracted insulin from bovine pancreas in 1922, who received the Nobel prize for their contribution in the medical field with Johan McLeod, The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the route of choice for the administration of most drugs, regardless of their molecular structure or weight and administration of insulin exogenously via subcutaneous route which mimic the pancreatic insulin secretion, for In todays era, insulin delivery by noninvasive route is an area of current interest in diabetes mellitus treatment by parenteral route for type-I and type-II diabetes mellitus , while noninvasive therapy through oral delivery is greatly desired, there are challenges that include the low bioavailability due to the rapid enzymatic degradation in the stomach. This review article patent that provides the novel approaches for noninvasive insulin drug delivery system to the bloodstream through the go tract. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, insulin, non-invasive insulin drug delivery, modern insulin drug delivery, absorption enhancer, insulin pump

Effervescent Floating Drug Delivery System: A Review

Oral sustained release gastro-retentive dosage forms offer many advantages for drugs with the absorption from upper parts of the gastro intestinal tract. Gastric emptying is a complex process and it is highly variable. The floating drug delivery systems are useful methods to avoid this variability which increases the retention time of the drug delivery systems for more than 12 hours.these systems are useful for many of the problem occurred during development of pharmaceutical dosage form. The objective of the review is to understand the current approaches of this drug delivery system

Mosquito larvicidal and silver nanoparticles synthesis potential of plant latex

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the latex of the medicinally important plants Euphorbia milii, Euphorbia hirta, Ficus racemosa and Jatropha curcas. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, particle size, and zeta potential analysis. Potency of latex and latex-synthesized AgNPs was evaluated against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi. The lowest lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value among the different types of plant latex studied was observed for latex of E. milii (281.28±23.30 and 178.97±37.82 ppm, respectively) against 2nd instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi. E. milii latex-synthesised AgNPs showed a high reduction in LC50 compared with its latex; i.e., 8.76±0.46 and 8.67±0.47 ppm, respectively, for 2nd instars of Ae. aegypti and An. stephensi. LC50 values of AgNPs synthesized using the latex of E. hirta, F. racemosa and J. curcas were lower than those of the latex of the respective plants; i.e., 10.77±0.53, 9.81±0.52, 12.06±0.60 and 8.79±0.51, 9.83±0.52, 9.60±0.51 ppm, respectively, for 2nd instars of An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti. Similarly, as compared with the plant latex, lower LC50 values were reported for latex-synthesized AgNPs against 4th instars of Ae. aegypt and An. stephensi. Results showed that all the types of plant latex investigated have the potential to convert silver nitrate into AgNPs showing a spectrum of potent mosquito larvicidal effects, indicating the possibility of further exploration of the bioefficacy of latex and latex-synthesized AgNPs against vectors of public health concerns

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Numerical study of squeeze film lubrication between porous and rough rectangular plates

In this paper, we study squeeze film lubrication characteristics between two rectangular plates, of which the lower plate is porous and the upper one has a roughness structure. The fluid in the film region is represented by a viscous, incompressible couple-stress fluid. The governing Reynolds equation, which incorporates the couple-stress fluid, roughness, and porosity of the material, is solved numerically using the multigrid method. Results show that the effects of couplestress fluid and roughness are more pronounced compared to the Newtonian fluid and smooth case, respectively, whereas the effect of permeability is to decrease the pressure distribution and load capacity. © 2013 by Begell House, Inc