THERMOS ANALYSIS OF M. TRICEPS SURAE BEFORE AND AFTER EXERCISE

Temperatura mišića je rezultat balansa topline na regionalnom nivou. Stopa promjene temperature mišića ovisi o samoj mišićnoj masi te o početnoj, tj. normalnoj temperaturi osobe. Energična mišićna aktivnost dovodi do povećanja temperature mišića kod svih koji vježbaju. Cilj ovog istraživanja je prikazati kako i za koliko stupnjeva se temperatura mišića m. tricepsa surae može promijeniti nakon izvođenja samo dvije vježbe koje aktiviraju mišić. Uz pomoć dobivenih rezultata, cilj je usporediti rezultate između spolova te između osoba koje su u treningu i osoba koje nisu u treningu te vidjeti postoje li razlike u početnoj temperaturi te promjeni temperature između grupa. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 30 ispitanika koji nemaju nikakvih zdravstvenih problema, u dobi od 18 do 26 godina. Svi ispitanici su studenti preddiplomskog stručnog studija fizioterapije Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija u Rijeci. Kako bi se odredila temperatura m. tricepsa surae koristila se termo kamera FLIR A615. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata vidi se kako već dvije vježbe u trajanju do dvije minute utječu na povećanje temperature mišića. Može se vidjeti da žene u mirovanju imaju manju temperaturu mišića od muškaraca te da je promjena temperature mišića kod njih veća. Osobe koje su u treningu imaju veću temperaturu mišića od osoba koje nisu u treningu, no promjena u temperaturi je veća za osobe koje nisu u treningu. Ovim istraživanjem dokazano je kako postoje razlike u temperaturi mišića prije i poslije vježbanja između spolova te da postoji razlika u temperaturi m. tricepsa surae kod osoba u treningu u odnosu na one koje nisu u treningu.Muscle temperature is the result of heat balance on a regional level. The rate of temperature change depends on muscle mass and on the initial temperature characteristic for the person. Energetic muscle activity leads to increasing muscle temperature in everybody who exercises. The goal of this research was to show how and by how many degrees the temperature of m. triceps surae changes by preforming as little as two exercises which activate the muscle. Based on collected data, the goal is to compare the results between sexes as well as in people who train in comparison to those who don’t, and to see if there’s a difference in initial temperature as well as in change of temperature between groups. There were 30 participants in the research who were all without health issues, aged 18 to 26 years. All the participants are the students of grade university study of physiotherapy on the Faculty of health studies in Rijeka. Thermo camera FLIR A615 was used to determine the temperature of m. triceps surae. Based on the results, we can see how by preforming as little as two exercises in less than two minutes we can increase the muscle temperature. It also shows that women have lower resting muscle temperature than men and that the temperature increases more in women than in men. Persons in training have higher resting muscle temperature but the change in their muscle temperature is lower than in persons who don’t train. This research proved that there is a difference in muscle temperature before and after exercise between sexes and that there is a difference in temperature of m. triceps surae of persons who train compared to persons who don’t

THERMOS ANALYSIS OF M. TRICEPS SURAE BEFORE AND AFTER EXERCISE

Temperatura mišića je rezultat balansa topline na regionalnom nivou. Stopa promjene temperature mišića ovisi o samoj mišićnoj masi te o početnoj, tj. normalnoj temperaturi osobe. Energična mišićna aktivnost dovodi do povećanja temperature mišića kod svih koji vježbaju. Cilj ovog istraživanja je prikazati kako i za koliko stupnjeva se temperatura mišića m. tricepsa surae može promijeniti nakon izvođenja samo dvije vježbe koje aktiviraju mišić. Uz pomoć dobivenih rezultata, cilj je usporediti rezultate između spolova te između osoba koje su u treningu i osoba koje nisu u treningu te vidjeti postoje li razlike u početnoj temperaturi te promjeni temperature između grupa. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 30 ispitanika koji nemaju nikakvih zdravstvenih problema, u dobi od 18 do 26 godina. Svi ispitanici su studenti preddiplomskog stručnog studija fizioterapije Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija u Rijeci. Kako bi se odredila temperatura m. tricepsa surae koristila se termo kamera FLIR A615. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata vidi se kako već dvije vježbe u trajanju do dvije minute utječu na povećanje temperature mišića. Može se vidjeti da žene u mirovanju imaju manju temperaturu mišića od muškaraca te da je promjena temperature mišića kod njih veća. Osobe koje su u treningu imaju veću temperaturu mišića od osoba koje nisu u treningu, no promjena u temperaturi je veća za osobe koje nisu u treningu. Ovim istraživanjem dokazano je kako postoje razlike u temperaturi mišića prije i poslije vježbanja između spolova te da postoji razlika u temperaturi m. tricepsa surae kod osoba u treningu u odnosu na one koje nisu u treningu.Muscle temperature is the result of heat balance on a regional level. The rate of temperature change depends on muscle mass and on the initial temperature characteristic for the person. Energetic muscle activity leads to increasing muscle temperature in everybody who exercises. The goal of this research was to show how and by how many degrees the temperature of m. triceps surae changes by preforming as little as two exercises which activate the muscle. Based on collected data, the goal is to compare the results between sexes as well as in people who train in comparison to those who don’t, and to see if there’s a difference in initial temperature as well as in change of temperature between groups. There were 30 participants in the research who were all without health issues, aged 18 to 26 years. All the participants are the students of grade university study of physiotherapy on the Faculty of health studies in Rijeka. Thermo camera FLIR A615 was used to determine the temperature of m. triceps surae. Based on the results, we can see how by preforming as little as two exercises in less than two minutes we can increase the muscle temperature. It also shows that women have lower resting muscle temperature than men and that the temperature increases more in women than in men. Persons in training have higher resting muscle temperature but the change in their muscle temperature is lower than in persons who don’t train. This research proved that there is a difference in muscle temperature before and after exercise between sexes and that there is a difference in temperature of m. triceps surae of persons who train compared to persons who don’t

The Influence of α-, β-, and γ-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone on Acetaminophen Induced Liver Lesions in Male CBA Mice

Research over the past decade has indicated that melanocortin peptides are potent inhibitors of inflammation and a promising source of new anti-inflammatory andcytoprotective therapies. The purpose of the present paper is to compare protective effects of α-, β-, and γ-melanocyte stimulating hormone on acetaminophen induced liver lesions in male CBA mice. Acetaminophen was applied intragastrically in a dose of 150 mg/kg, and tested substances were applied intraperitoneally 1 hour before acetaminophen. Mice were sacrificed after 24 hours and intensity of liver injury was estimated by measurement of plasma transaminase activity (AST and ALT) and histopathological grading of lesions. It was found that α-, β-, and γ-MSH decrease intensity of lesions by both criteria in a dosedependent manner

Evaluation of probiotic potential of yeasts isolated from traditional cheeses manufactured in Serbia and Croatia

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro probiotic potential of dairy yeast isolates from artisanal cheeses manufactured in Serbia and Croatia. Methods. Twelve yeast strains isolated in from artisanal fresh soft and white brined cheeses manufactured in Serbia and Croatia were used in the study. Survival in chemically-simulated gastrointestinal conditions, adherence to epithelial intestinal cells and proliferation of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) cells were evaluated. Results. The results revealed that two strains of Kluyvereomyces lactis ZIM 2408 and ZIM 2453 grew above one log unit ( and #916; log CFU/ml) in the complex colonic medium during 24 h of cultivation, while Torulaspora delbrueckii ZIM 2460 was the most resistant isolate in chemically-simulated conditions of gastric juice and upper intestinal tract. It was demonstrated that the strains Kluyvereomyces lactis ZIM 2408 and ZIM2441 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ZIM 2415 were highly adhesive to Caco-2 cells, while strains Kluyvereomyces lactis ZIM 2408 and Debaryomyces hansenii ZIM 2415 exhibit the highest adhesion percentage to HT29-MTX cells. All strains significantly (p lt 0.0001) decreased the proliferation of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) cells suggesting the possible strain-specific immunomodulatory potential of the isolates. Conclusion. The dairy yeast isolates exhibit the strain-specific probiotic properties. Particularly, the strain K. lactis ZIM 2408 appears to be the best probiotic candidate in terms of all three criteria. Taking into account their immunomodulatory potential, the yeast isolates could be further tested for specific probiotic applications and eventually included in functional food formulated for patients suffering from diseases associated with an increased inflammatory status.[http://www.jocmr.com/fulltext/55-1410953223.pdf?1669198006

Proinflammatory effects of bare and PEGylated ORMOSIL-, PLGA- and SUV-NPs on monocytes and PMNs and their modulation by f-MLP

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Solid-phase-assisted synthesis of targeting peptide-PEG-oligo(ethane amino)amides for receptor-mediated gene delivery.

In the forthcoming era of cancer gene therapy, efforts will be devoted to the development of new efficient and non-toxic gene delivery vectors. In this regard, the use of Fmoc/Boc-protected oligo(ethane amino)acids as building blocks for solid-phase-supported assembly represents a novel promising approach towards fully controlled syntheses of effective gene vectors. Here we report on the synthesis of defined polymers containing the following: (i) a plasmid DNA (pDNA) binding domain of eight succinoyl-tetraethylenpentamine (Stp) units and two terminal cysteine residues; (ii) a central polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain (with twenty-four oxyethylene units) for shielding; and (iii) specific peptides for targeting towards cancer cells. Peptides B6 and c(RGDfK), which bind transferrin receptor and αvβ3 integrin, respectively, were chosen because of the high expression of these receptors in many tumoral cells. This study shows the feasibility of designing these kinds of fully controlled vectors and their success for targeted pDNA-based gene transfer

Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries(1,2). However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world(3) and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health(4,5). However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol-which is a marker of cardiovascular riskchanged from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million-4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.Peer reviewe