Tension between implications from PREX-2 data and gravitational tidal response on dense matter equation of state

Recently an improved value of neutron skin thickness of $^{208}\text{Pb}$ was reported in Lead Radius EXperiment-2 (PREX-2) to be $R_{\text{skin}}=R_n - R_p=(0.283\pm 0.071)$ fm which corresponds to high estimations of nuclear symmetry energy ($E_{\text{sym}}$) and its slope ($L_{\text{sym}}$). The updated values of $E_{\text{sym}}$ and $L_{\text{sym}}$ commensurating to the neutron star observable estimations lie exterior to the astrophysical observed range. The higher values of $L_{\text{sym}}$ at $n_0$ deduced from recent PREX-2 data correlates to matter being easily deformable (yielding higher radius values) around intermediate matter densities leading to higher values of $\tilde{\Lambda}$ creating a tension between the terrestrial and astrophysical observations. In this study, we exploit this tension to constrain the $\Delta$-scalar meson coupling parameter space.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Conference proceeding of the "Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics-X 2022". To appear in EPJ Web of Conference

Fast neutron star cooling in light of the PREX-2 experiment

The nuclear symmetry energy and its behaviour with density has been recently evaluated with enhanced value by PREX-2 experiment. This new values enables direct Urca neutrino emission process to be functioning in the dense matter inside neutron stars. With this new outlook we study the cooling rate of canonical mass neutron stars and compare with available observational cooling data. We find most of the isolated neutron star thermal profile is compatible with the cooling of canonical mass star including superfluidity suppression.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

(Anti)kaon condensation in strongly magnetized dense matter

Recent observations of several massive pulsars, with masses near and above $2~M_\odot$, point towards the existence of matter at very high densities, compared to normal matter that we are familiar with in our terrestrial world. This leads to the possibility of appearance of exotic degrees of freedom other than nucleons inside the core of the neutrons stars (NS). Another significant property of NSs is the presence of high surface magnetic field, with highest range of the order of $\sim~10^{16}$ G. We study the properties of highly dense matter with the possibility of appearance of heavier strange and non-strange baryons, and kaons in presence of strong magnetic field. We find that the presence of a strong magnetic field stiffens the matter at high density, delaying the kaon appearance and, hence, increasing the maximum attainable mass of NS family.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Intracranial Calcification and Seizure with Down Syndrome: A Case Report

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome number 21. New onset of seizure in adults with Down syndrome is rare. The exact pathogenesis of intracranial calcification and seizure in Down syndrome is unknown, however, a possible association between hypocalcemia and vitamin D deficiency in Down syndrome was reported. An 18-year-old girl with nasal bridge, mongoloid slants, clinodactyly and saddle gap of toes, and prominent Downs phenotypes was present with a low level of parathyroid hormone, calcium, and vitamin D. Due to a higher prevalence of intracranial calcification in people with Down syndrome, there is an increased possibility of hypocalcemia and vitamin D deficiency. Hence, serum levels of calcium and vitamin D should always be checked before starting treatment with anti-epileptic drugs

Surface modification of nanocrystalline LiMn2O4 using graphene oxide flakes

In this work, a facile, wet chemical synthesis was utilized to achieve a series of lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4, (LMO) with 1-5%wt. graphene oxide (GO) composites. The average crystallite sizes estimated by the Rietveld method of LMO/GO nanocomposites were in the range of 18-27 nm. The electrochemical performance was studied using CR2013 coin-type cell batteries prepared from pristine LMO material and LMO modified with 5%wt. GO. Synthesized materials were tested as positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries in the voltage range between 3.0 and 4.3 V at room temperature. The specific discharge capacity after 100 cycles for LMO and LMO/5%wt. GO were 84 and 83 mAh g(-1), respectively. The LMO material modified with 5%wt. of graphene oxide flakes retained more than 91% of its initial specific capacity, as compared with the 86% of pristine LMO material.Web of Science1415art. no. 413

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Background Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older. Methods Using 694 data sources of individual and population-level alcohol consumption, along with 592 prospective and retrospective studies on the risk of alcohol use, we produced estimates of the prevalence of current drinking, abstention, the distribution of alcohol consumption among current drinkers in standard drinks daily (defined as 10 g of pure ethyl alcohol), and alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs. We made several methodological improvements compared with previous estimates: first, we adjusted alcohol sales estimates to take into account tourist and unrecorded consumption; second, we did a new meta-analysis of relative risks for 23 health outcomes associated with alcohol use; and third, we developed a new method to quantify the level of alcohol consumption that minimises the overall risk to individual health. Findings Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs in 2016, accounting for 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-3.0) of age-standardised female deaths and 6.8% (5.8-8.0) of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15-49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 3.8% (95% UI 3.2-4-3) of female deaths and 12.2% (10.8-13-6) of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15-49 years, female attributable DALYs were 2.3% (95% UI 2.0-2.6) and male attributable DALYs were 8.9% (7.8-9.9). The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1.4% [95% UI 1. 0-1. 7] of total deaths), road injuries (1.2% [0.7-1.9]), and self-harm (1.1% [0.6-1.5]). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 27.1% (95% UI 21.2-33.3) of total alcohol-attributable female deaths and 18.9% (15.3-22.6) of male deaths. The level of alcohol consumption that minimised harm across health outcomes was zero (95% UI 0.0-0.8) standard drinks per week. Interpretation Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for global disease burden and causes substantial health loss. We found that the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of consumption, and the level of consumption that minimises health loss is zero. These results suggest that alcohol control policies might need to be revised worldwide, refocusing on efforts to lower overall population-level consumption.Peer reviewe

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV