Diseño de estrategias para minimizar el conflicto organizacional intragrupal, causado por la normatividad de inclusión educativa en el colegio Juan Evangelista Gomez IED de Bogotá D.C

Anexo 1: Formatos registro de ingreso - estudiantes con capacidades diversas. Anexo 2: Formatos PIAR - Plan Individual de Ajustes Razonables. Anexo 3: Entrevista semiestructurada a docentes. Anexo 4: Entrevista semiestructurada a orientadores.El proyecto aplicado realizado, como requisito para optar al título de Magister en Administración de Organizaciones, se fundamenta en el diseño de estrategias para minimizar el conflicto organizacional intragrupal, causado por la normatividad de inclusión educativa, en el colegio Juan Evangelista Gomez I.E.D. ubicada en Bogotá D.C. Este nace con la expectativa de lograr ofrecer un servicio educativo inclusivo de calidad, sin desconocer la obligatoriedad de la inclusión al aula regular, en un ambiente en donde se garanticen los derechos de las personas con capacidades diversas, sin excluirlos u obligarlos a migrar a las aulas de educación especial como única opción. No obstante, se debe partir de una adecuada capacitación a los docentes de aula regular, ya que son ellos quienes aportan desde sus conocimientos, la aplicación real de la inclusión en el aula. Sin embargo, no se puede desconocer, que no es un trabajo fácil de realizar y que los docentes se preparan o profundizan en un área del conocimiento desde la normalidad y no desde la diversidad. Actualmente, la institución ofrece el servicio educativo sin desconocer la inclusión y cuenta con docente de apoyo pedagógico para tal fin. No obstante, por cuestiones de salud de la docente y correspondiente ausencia, los docentes se han sentido sin el apoyo, asesoría y acompañamiento necesario para abordar de manera adecuada el proceso inclusivo. Desde este punto se está generando una problemática organizacional intragrupal, puesto que, la falta de conocimiento los ha llevado a consultar, pero se sienten solos en esta tarea, generándoles desanimo, incertidumbre y frustración, ya que no conocen los protocolos legales, estrategias y aspectos esenciales para llevar a cabo este proceso. De esta manera, la comunidad educativa encontrará en este documento, un análisis de la problemática expuesta, abordada desde la normatividad de la educación inclusiva en Colombia y el desempeño actual de la organización con sugerencias para que puedan ser implementadas en el manual de convivencia de la institución educativa, para finalmente, presentar el diseño de las estrategias organizacionales que buscan eliminar a futuro el conflicto organizacional expuesto.The applied project carried out, as a requirement to apply for the Master in Organization Administration, is based on the design of strategies to minimize intra-group organizational conflict, caused by the regulations of educational inclusion, in Juan Evangelista Gómez I.E.D. This was born with the expectation of being able to offer a quality inclusive educational service, without ignoring the obligation of inclusion in the regular classroom, in an environment where the rights of people with diverse abilities are guaranteed, without excluding or forcing them to migrate to the classroom. of classes. Special education as the only option. However, it is necessary to start with adequate training for regular classroom teachers, since they are the ones who contribute, from their knowledge, to the real application of inclusion in the classroom. However, it cannot be ignored that it is not an easy job to do, since teachers prepare or delve into an area of knowledge from normality and not from diversity. Currently, the institution offers the educational service without ignoring inclusion and has a teacher of pedagogical support for this purpose. However, due to the health problems of the teacher in charge and their corresponding absence, the teachers have felt without the necessary support, advice and accompaniment to adequately address the inclusive process. From this point on, an intra-group organizational problem is generated, since the lack of knowledge has led them to consult, but they feel alone in this task, generating discouragement, uncertainty and frustration, since they do not know the legal protocols, strategies and elements. essential. aspects to carry out this process. In this way, the educational community will find in this document, an analysis of the exposed problems, approached from the inclusive education regulations in Colombia and the current performance of the organization with suggestions so that they can be implemented in the education coexistence manual. institution, finally, to present the design of organizational strategies that seek to eliminate the exposed organizational conflict in the future. Key words: organizational conflict, inclusive education, design of organizational strategies

Propuesta de mejora para optimizar el proceso de carga de combustibles líquidos en camiones cisterna, en una empresa de refino de hidrocarburos, Lima 2017

RESUMEN El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mejorar el proceso de carga de combustibles líquidos en camiones cisternas en una empresa de refino de hidrocarburos, Lima 2017, dicho proceso se desarrolla en el área de suministros – despachos, la cual cuenta con aproximadamente 28 personas entre operadores de planta, operadores de despachos, operadores de isla y operadores de sala de control, debido al incremento del rubro de gas y petróleo, la empresa de refino de hidrocarburos busca mejorar su proceso de carga, optimizando los tiempos de inicio y fin del despacho. Para ello se realizó, el uso de herramientas de análisis como Ishikawa, flujo gramas, método de Monte Carlo y el relevamiento de información en el campo a fin de tomar conocimiento de los tiempos de servicio en el flujo de despacho, posteriormente se desarrolla un modelo de línea de espera para dos casos. 1) Modelo de situación actual, en la cual su población es de 277 cisterna/día y 2) Un modelo de línea de espera considerando un pico de atención existente de 386 cisterna/día. PPALABRAS CLAVE: proceso de carga, optimización de procesos, down time, mejora continua, combustibles líquidos, lead time, atención de camiones cisternas, gestión de procesos, entre otros.ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to improve the process of loading liquid fuels in tanker trucks at a hydrocarbon refining company, Lima 2017; this process takes place in the supplies - dispatches area, which has approximately 28 people among operators. plant, dispatch operators, island operators and control room operators, due to the increase in the oil and gas industry, the hydrocarbon refining company seeks to improve its loading process, optimizing the start and end times of the dispatch. For this purpose, the use of analysis tools such as Ishikawa, flow grams, Monte Carlo method and the survey of information in the field in order to take knowledge of the service times in the dispatch flow, later a model is developed of waiting line for two cases. 1) Current situation model, in which its population is 277 cistern / day and 2) A waiting line model considering an existing service peak of 386 cistern / day. KEYWORDS: loading process, process optimization, down time, continuous improvement, liquid fuels, lead time, tanker truck service, process management, among others

Single cell transcriptome analysis reveals disease-defining T cell subsets in the tumor microenvironment of classic Hodgkin lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by an extensively dominant tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of different types of noncancerous immune cells with rare malignant cells. Characterization of the cellular components and their spatial relationship is crucial to understanding cross-talk and therapeutic targeting in the TME. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of more than 127,000 cells from 22 Hodgkin lymphoma tissue specimens and 5 reactive lymph nodes, profiling for the first time the phenotype of the Hodgkin lymphoma–specific immune microenvironment at single-cell resolution. Single-cell expression profiling identified a novel Hodgkin lymphoma–associated subset of T cells with prominent expression of the inhibitory receptor LAG3, and functional analyses established this LAG3+ T-cell population as a mediator of immunosuppression. Multiplexed spatial assessment of immune cells in the microenvironment also revealed increased LAG3+ T cells in the direct vicinity of MHC class II–deficient tumor cells. Our findings provide novel insights into TME biology and suggest new approaches to immune-checkpoint targeting in Hodgkin lymphoma. SIGNIFICANCE: We provide detailed functional and spatial characteristics of immune cells in classic Hodgkin lymphoma at single-cell resolution. Specifically, we identified a regulatory T-cell–like immunosuppressive subset of LAG3+ T cells contributing to the immune-escape phenotype. Our insights aid in the development of novel biomarkers and combination treatment strategies targeting immune checkpoints

Scientists' Warning to Humanity on Threats to Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems

The knowledge systems and practices of Indigenous Peoples and local communities play critical roles in safeguarding the biological and cultural diversity of our planet. Globalization, government policies, capitalism, colonialism, and other rapid social-ecological changes threaten the relationships between Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their environments, thereby challenging the continuity and dynamism of Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK). In this article, we contribute to the “World Scientists' Warning to Humanity,” issued by the Alliance of World Scientists, by exploring opportunities for sustaining ILK systems on behalf of the future stewardship of our planet. Our warning raises the alarm about the pervasive and ubiquitous erosion of knowledge and practice and the social and ecological consequences of this erosion. While ILK systems can be adaptable and resilient, the foundations of these knowledge systems are compromised by ongoing suppression, misrepresentation, appropriation, assimilation, disconnection, and destruction of biocultural heritage. Three case studies illustrate these processes and how protecting ILK is central to biocultural conservation. We conclude with 15 recommendations that call for the recognition and support of Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their knowledge systems. Enacting these recommendations will entail a transformative and sustained shift in how ILK systems, their knowledge holders, and their multiple expressions in lands and waters are recognized, affirmed, and valued. We appeal for urgent action to support the efforts of Indigenous Peoples and local communities around the world to maintain their knowledge systems, languages, stewardship rights, ties to lands and waters, and the biocultural integrity of their territories—on which we all depend.Peer reviewe

Resultados clínicos en receptores de trasplante renal posterior a la conversión a ImTOR

Introducción: los ImTOR, sirolimus y everolimus son una alternativa de inmunosupresión en personas que han recibido transplantes rena-les. En este artículo, se describe la experiencia de pacientes que han experimentado una conversión a ImTOR, y a los que se les ha hecho un seguimiento por más de cinco años.Materiales y métodos: se incluyeron pacientes con transplantes renales desde 1995 hasta 2013, quienes tuvieron indicación de suspensión del inhibidor de calcineurina (ICN) después del tercer mes posterior al trasplante. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a biopsia renal antes de la administración de ImTOR. Ningún paciente tuvo diagnóstico de nefropatía crónica, IFTA >40 % o proteinuria >350 mg/24h. Se elaboró un análisis descriptivo para todas las variables. Para estudiar la supervivencia del paciente y del injerto, y la incidencia de rechazo agudo, se usó el método de Kaplan-Meier.Resultados: de 1273 trasplantes renales, la conversión de ICN a ImTOR se realizó en 166 casos (13 %). Al 78 % (n=129) se le administró sirolimus. El 13 % de los pacientes perdió la función del injerto y 7 pacientes (4,2 %) fallecieron. En el 37 % de los casos, se retiró el ImTOR. La principal causa de retiro fue el hallazgo de proteinuria patológica. La incidencia de rechazo agudo después del cambio a ImTOR fue de 9,6 %. La supervivencia del injerto tras uno y cinco años fue de 96,6 % y 83,5 %, respectivamente; y la supervivencia del paciente a uno y cinco años fue de 98 % y 97 %, respectivamente.Conclusiones: el uso de inhibidores ImTOR parece ser seguro en este grupo de pacientes trasplantados, pues hubo una baja tasa de rechazo y buena supervivencia del injert

Revisiting the HD 21749 planetary system with stellar activity modelling

HD 21749 is a bright (V = 8.1 mag) K dwarf at 16 pc known to host an inner terrestrial planet HD 21749c as well as an outer sub-Neptune HD 21749b, both delivered by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Follow-up spectroscopic observations measured the mass of HD 21749b to be 22.7 ± 2.2 M with a density of 7.0^{+1.6}_{-1.3} g cm-3, making it one of the densest sub-Neptunes. However, the mass measurement was suspected to be influenced by stellar rotation. Here, we present new high-cadence PFS RV data to disentangle the stellar activity signal from the planetary signal. We find that HD 21749 has a similar rotational time-scale as the planet's orbital period, and the amplitude of the planetary orbital RV signal is estimated to be similar to that of the stellar activity signal. We perform Gaussian process regression on the photometry and RVs from HARPS and PFS to model the stellar activity signal. Our new models reveal that HD 21749b has a radius of 2.86 ± 0.20 R, an orbital period of 35.6133 ± 0.0005 d with a mass of Mb = 20.0 ± 2.7 M and a density of 4.8^{+2.0}_{-1.4} g cm-3 on an eccentric orbit with e = 0.16 ± 0.06, which is consistent with the most recent values published for this system. HD 21749c has an orbital period of 7.7902 ± 0.0006 d, a radius of 1.13 ± 0.10 R, and a 3σ mass upper limit of 3.5 M. Our Monte Carlo simulations confirm that without properly taking stellar activity signals into account, the mass measurement of HD 21749b is likely to arrive at a significantly underestimated error bar

May Measurement Month 2018: a pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the International Society of Hypertension

Aims Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. Methods and results Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. Conclusion May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity