Plan estratégico para Tesla Motors 2018-2021

El presente trabajo es el desarrollo del plan estratégico para Tesla Inc. en el periodo 2019-2021, el cual busca incrementar la participación de mercado en Estados Unidos, en una coyuntura de transición hacia el uso de los vehículos eléctricos. Tesla Inc. es la compañía líder en innovación y diseño de autos eléctricos de alta gama. En el 2017, lanzó el modelo 3, el cual está orientado a un segmento masivo. Este es un gran reto para la empresa, ya que representa un cambio disruptivo en el modelo de negocio. Del análisis externo podemos concluir que la industria automotriz es atractiva, ya que las barreras de entrada son altamente restrictivas y el mercado de vehículos eléctricos se encuentra en un crecimiento exponencial. Por otro lado, hay un incremento de la consciencia ambiental a nivel global, lo que obliga a los gobiernos a promulgar leyes a favor del uso de energías sostenibles. Asimismo, en el análisis interno identificamos, como factores determinantes de éxito de Tesla, la innovación, diseño, la marca y el know how. En base al análisis realizado, la estrategia competitiva para Tesla Inc. deberá ser diferenciación, debido a que la compañía ofrece innovación y tecnología sostenible en sus automóviles. Sin embargo, por el incremento de competidores dentro del mercado de vehículos eléctricos, la compañía debe mantener su competitividad buscando eficiencias en el proceso de fabricación

Costos ocultos y su impacto en el resultado financiero de la empresa Corporación Velsalit S.A.C , Lima 2018

El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “COSTOS OCULTOS Y SU IMPACTO EN EL RESULTADO FINANCIERO DE LA EMPRESA CORPORACIÓN VELSALIT S.A.C., LIMA 2018”, tiene como objetivo demostrar en qué medida los costos ocultos impactan en el resultado financiero de la empresa Corporación Velsalit S.A.C. para que de esta forma conozca sus costos reales de producción y si está obteniendo la rentabilidad esperada. Para desarrollar la investigación se emplearon instrumentos de recolección de datos como la observación, análisis documental y con dichas técnicas se logró recolectar la información e identificar los costos ocultos que no se toman en cuentan en la producción de pintura látex. Se aplicó el diseño cuasi experimental con observación pre y post prueba, para comparar los estados financieros con y sin costos ocultos obteniendo una diferencia. De los resultados obtenidos se determinó en el año 2018 los costos en la producción representan S/ 6 097 287,40 soles se originan por paralización y demoras en la producción por falta de un plan de mantenimiento, por adquisición de materia prima a precios más elevados y por mal control, en la mano de obra y en los costos indirectos. Finalmente se demostró que los costos ocultos impactan negativamente en el estado financiero de la empresa Corporación Velsalit S.A.C. en Lima 2018, ocasionando a su vez que la empresa disminuyendo la utilidad neta y reduciendo sus márgenes brutos en -0.18 con respecto a lo esperado.The present research work entitled ""HIDDEN COSTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL RESULT OF THE CORPORATION VELSALIT CORPORATION S.A.C., LIMA 2018"", aims to demonstrate the extent to which hidden costs have an impact on the financial result of Corporación Velsalit S.A.C. so that in this way you know your real production costs and if you are obtaining the expected profitability. To develop the research, data collection instruments were used, such as observation, documentary analysis and, in an additional way, an interview with the general manager. With these techniques, the information was collected and the hidden costs that are not taken into account in the production were identified. of latex paint. The quasi-experimental design was applied with pre- and post-test observation, to compare the financial statements with and without hidden costs, obtaining a difference. The results obtained were determined in 2018, the costs in the production represent S / 6 097 287.18 soles are originated by acquisition of inputs at higher prices and by poor control, by paralysis and production delays due to lack of a maintenance plan, in the labor force and in the indirect costs. Finally, it was shown that the hidden costs have a negative impact on the financial state of Corporation Velsalit S.A.C. in Lima 2018, causing the company to reduce net income and reduce its gross margins by -0.18 with respect to what was expected.Tesi

Propuesta de mejora para el fortalecimiento del clima organizacional de la empresa IPS Mundo Radiológico S.A.S.

Formulario de la encuestaEn este documento se evidencia un estudio frente a las dificultades presentadas en la empresa Mundo Radiológico S.A.S., su actividad se basa en la prestación de servicios de Salud en Yopal Casanare, su objetivo principal es fortalecer el clima organizacional de la empresa a través un análisis interno que permita la identificación de los problemas que afectan el ambiente de trabajo para el planteamiento de una propuesta de mejora que beneficie a la organización. El método empleado para llevar a cabo este estudio es el deductivo, el cual consiste en la recopilación de información a través de la realización de una encuesta diseñada con diez ítems claves para la búsqueda de respuestas, determinados en base al ambiente y desempeño laboral, condiciones físicas , rotación de puestos de trabajo, motivación y capacitación, comunicación e integración, para la ejecución de esta actividad se contó con la participación de veinte funcionarios de la misma institución prestadora de salud, tanto del área administrativa como operativa de la institución . La herramienta usada para la recolección de la información se obtuvo mediante el software Google Drive, la cual facilito la visualización y análisis de resultados, estos fueron presentados mediante graficas con porcentaje, dado en opción múltiple de respuesta como: si, no, no tanto, siempre, algunas veces, casi nunca, nunca. Con esta información se permitió identificar de manera cercana la situación actual de la empresa, donde se realizó el análisis a cada una de ítems, diseño de una propuesta de mejora, recomendaciones y conclusiones de la actividad elaborada, lo anterior con el fin de afianzar en los aspectos estables y mejorar los semblantes con mayor grado de dificultad encontrados dentro de la organización.This document shows a face of the difficulties presented in the company Mundo Radiológico SAS, its activity is based on the provision of Health services in Yopal, Casanare, its main objective is to strengthen the organizational climate of the company through an internal analysis that allows the identification of the problems to see the work environment for the proposal of an improvement proposal that benefits the organization. The method used to carry out a study of this is the deductive one, which consists of the collection of information through the completion of a survey designed with ten key items for the search for answers, determined based on the environment and performance work, physical conditions, job rotation, motivation and training, communication and integration, for the execution of this activity, twenty officials from the same health provider institution participated, both from the administrative and operational areas of the institution . The tool used to collect the information was obtained through the Google Drive software, which facilitated the visualization and analysis of results, these were using graphs with percentage, given in the multiple choice of answer as: yes, no, not so much, always, sometimes, almost never, never. With this information, the current situation of the company will be identified in a close way, where the analysis of each item was carried out, design of an improvement proposal, recommendations and conclusions of the activity carried out, the above in order to consolidate in the stable aspects and improve the faces with a greater degree of difficulty found within the organization

Grupo de enfermedades de interés en salud pública

Por tanto, en el presente trabajo se da a conocer las enfermedades transmisibles, no transmisibles y como los factores de riego ambiental influyen en la propagación y en la mortalidad causada por estas enfermedades, con el fin de generar conciencia. En el tema del Sistema de vigilancia en Salud Pública, se apreciará cuál es el ente encargado de vigilar sus eventos como lo es el Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS). Entre las enfermedades encontramos la tuberculosis; la cual tiene gran incidencia en el departamento del Caquetá, donde se identificarán los programas y estrategias implementadas por las instituciones implicadas para su controlTherefore, in the present work, communicable, noncommunicable diseases are disclosed and how environmental risk factors influence the spread and mortality caused by these diseases, in order to generate awareness. In the subject of the Public Health Surveillance System, it will be appreciated which entity is responsible for monitoring its events, such as the National Institute of Health (INS). Among the diseases we find tuberculosis; which has great incidence in the Department of Caquetá, where the programs and strategies implemented by the institutions involved for its control will be identifie

Lead Optimization of 3,5-Disubstituted-7-Azaindoles for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis.

Neglected tropical diseases such as human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are prevalent primarily in tropical climates and among populations living in poverty. Historically, the lack of economic incentive to develop new treatments for these diseases has meant that existing therapeutics have serious shortcomings in terms of safety, efficacy, and administration, and better therapeutics are needed. We now report a series of 3,5-disubstituted-7-azaindoles identified as growth inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite that causes HAT, through a high-throughput screen. We describe the hit-to-lead optimization of this series and the development and preclinical investigation of 29d, a potent antitrypanosomal compound with promising pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. This compound was ultimately not progressed beyond in vivo PK studies due to its inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), critical for stage 2 HAT treatments.The authors acknowledge funding from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (M.P.P. and M.N., R01AI114685; M.P.P., 1R21AI127594, R01AI124046; C.R.C., R21AI126296; https://www.niaid.nih.gov/), the Spanish Ministerio de Economí a, Industria y Competitividad (M.N., SAF2015-71444-P; D.G.-P., SAF2016-79957-R; http://www.mineco.gob.es), Subdireccion General de Redes ́ y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa (RICET, https://www.ricet.es/) (M.N., RD16/0027/0019; D.G.P., RD16/ 0027/0014), and RTI2018-097210-B-I00 (MINCIU-FEDER) to F.G. An ACS MEDI Predoctoral Fellowship for D.M.K. is gratefully acknowledged, as is support from the National Science Foundation for K.F. (CHE-1262734). We thank AstraZeneca, Charles River Laboratories, and GlaxoSmithKline for the provision of the in vitro ADME and physicochemical properties data. The use of JChem/ChemAxon software is acknowledged

Corrigendum: Identification of novel anti-amoebic pharmacophores from kinase inhibitor chemotypes

Acanthamoeba species, Naegleria fowleri, and Balamuthia mandrillaris are opportunistic pathogens that cause a range of brain, skin, eye, and disseminated diseases in humans and animals. These pathogenic free-living amoebae (pFLA) are commonly misdiagnosed and have sub-optimal treatment regimens which contribute to the extremely high mortality rates (>90%) when they infect the central nervous system. To address the unmet medical need for effective therapeutics, we screened kinase inhibitor chemotypes against three pFLA using phenotypic drug assays involving CellTiter-Glo 2.0. Herein, we report the activity of the compounds against the trophozoite stage of each of the three amoebae, ranging from nanomolar to low micromolar potency. The most potent compounds that were identified from this screening effort were: 2d (A. castellanii EC50: 0.92 ± 0.3 μM; and N. fowleri EC50: 0.43 ± 0.13 μM), 1c and 2b (N. fowleri EC50s: <0.63 μM, and 0.3 ± 0.21 μM), and 4b and 7b (B. mandrillaris EC50s: 1.0 ± 0.12 μM, and 1.4 ± 0.17 μM, respectively). With several of these pharmacophores already possessing blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability properties, or are predicted to penetrate the BBB, these hits present novel starting points for optimization as future treatments for pFLA-caused diseases

SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529)-related COVID-19 sequelae in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cancer: results from the OnCovid registry

Background COVID-19 sequelae can affect about 15% of patients with cancer who survive the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and can substantially impair their survival and continuity of oncological care. We aimed to investigate whether previous immunisation affects long-term sequelae in the context of evolving variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2. Methods OnCovid is an active registry that includes patients aged 18 years or older from 37 institutions across Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and a history of solid or haematological malignancy, either active or in remission, followed up from COVID-19 diagnosis until death. We evaluated the prevalence of COVID-19 sequelae in patients who survived COVID-19 and underwent a formal clinical reassessment, categorising infection according to the date of diagnosis as the omicron (B.1.1.529) phase from Dec 15, 2021, to Jan 31, 2022; the alpha (B.1.1.7)-delta (B.1.617.2) phase from Dec 1, 2020, to Dec 14, 2021; and the pre-vaccination phase from Feb 27 to Nov 30, 2020. The prevalence of overall COVID-19 sequelae was compared according to SARS-CoV-2 immunisation status and in relation to post-COVID-19 survival and resumption of systemic anticancer therapy. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04393974. Findings At the follow-up update on June 20, 2022, 1909 eligible patients, evaluated after a median of 39 days (IQR 24-68) from COVID-19 diagnosis, were included (964 [ 50 center dot 7%] of 1902 patients with sex data were female and 938 [49 center dot 3%] were male). Overall, 317 (16 center dot 6%; 95% CI 14 center dot 8-18 center dot 5) of 1909 patients had at least one sequela from COVID-19 at the first oncological reassessment. The prevalence of COVID-19 sequelae was highest in the prevaccination phase (191 [19 center dot 1%; 95% CI 16 center dot 4-22 center dot 0] of 1000 patients). The prevalence was similar in the alpha-delta phase (110 [16 center dot 8%; 13 center dot 8- 20 center dot 3] of 653 patients, p=0 center dot 24), but significantly lower in the omicron phase (16 [6 center dot 2%; 3 center dot 5-10 center dot 2] of 256 patients, p<0 center dot 0001). In the alpha- delta phase, 84 (18 center dot 3%; 95% CI 14 center dot 6-22 center dot 7) of 458 unvaccinated patients and three (9 center dot 4%; 1 center dot 9- 27 center dot 3) of 32 unvaccinated patients in the omicron phase had sequelae. Patients who received a booster and those who received two vaccine doses had a significantly lower prevalence of overall COVID-19 sequelae than unvaccinated or partially vaccinated patients (ten [7 center dot 4%; 95% CI 3 center dot 5-13 center dot 5] of 136 boosted patients, 18 [9 center dot 8%; 5 center dot 8-15 center dot 5] of 183 patients who had two vaccine doses vs 277 [ 18 center dot 5%; 16 center dot 5-20 center dot 9] of 1489 unvaccinated patients, p=0 center dot 0001), respiratory sequelae (six [4 center dot 4%; 1 center dot 6-9 center dot 6], 11 [6 center dot 0%; 3 center dot 0-10 center dot 7] vs 148 [9 center dot 9%; 8 center dot 4- 11 center dot 6], p= 0 center dot 030), and prolonged fatigue (three [2 center dot 2%; 0 center dot 1-6 center dot 4], ten [5 center dot 4%; 2 center dot 6-10 center dot 0] vs 115 [7 center dot 7%; 6 center dot 3-9 center dot 3], p=0 center dot 037)

The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar and APOGEE-2 Data

This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar) accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) survey which publicly releases infra-red spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the sub-survey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey (SPIDERS) sub-survey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated Value Added Catalogs (VACs). This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Local Volume Mapper (LVM) and Black Hole Mapper (BHM) surveys

State of the climate in 2018

In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth’s surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m−2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year’s end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981–2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June’s Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°–0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the highest rate of warming ever observed in the region. On 17 March, Arctic sea ice extent marked the second smallest annual maximum in the 38-year record, larger than only 2017. The minimum extent in 2018 was reached on 19 September and again on 23 September, tying 2008 and 2010 for the sixth lowest extent on record. The 23 September date tied 1997 as the latest sea ice minimum date on record. First-year ice now dominates the ice cover, comprising 77% of the March 2018 ice pack compared to 55% during the 1980s. Because thinner, younger ice is more vulnerable to melting out in summer, this shift in sea ice age has contributed to the decreasing trend in minimum ice extent. Regionally, Bering Sea ice extent was at record lows for almost the entire 2017/18 ice season. For the Antarctic continent as a whole, 2018 was warmer than average. On the highest points of the Antarctic Plateau, the automatic weather station Relay (74°S) broke or tied six monthly temperature records throughout the year, with August breaking its record by nearly 8°C. However, cool conditions in the western Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea sector contributed to a low melt season overall for 2017/18. High SSTs contributed to low summer sea ice extent in the Ross and Weddell Seas in 2018, underpinning the second lowest Antarctic summer minimum sea ice extent on record. Despite conducive conditions for its formation, the ozone hole at its maximum extent in September was near the 2000–18 mean, likely due to an ongoing slow decline in stratospheric chlorine monoxide concentration. Across the oceans, globally averaged SST decreased slightly since the record El Niño year of 2016 but was still far above the climatological mean. On average, SST is increasing at a rate of 0.10° ± 0.01°C decade−1 since 1950. The warming appeared largest in the tropical Indian Ocean and smallest in the North Pacific. The deeper ocean continues to warm year after year. For the seventh consecutive year, global annual mean sea level became the highest in the 26-year record, rising to 81 mm above the 1993 average. As anticipated in a warming climate, the hydrological cycle over the ocean is accelerating: dry regions are becoming drier and wet regions rainier. Closer to the equator, 95 named tropical storms were observed during 2018, well above the 1981–2010 average of 82. Eleven tropical cyclones reached Saffir–Simpson scale Category 5 intensity. North Atlantic Major Hurricane Michael’s landfall intensity of 140 kt was the fourth strongest for any continental U.S. hurricane landfall in the 168-year record. Michael caused more than 30 fatalities and $25 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages. In the western North Pacific, Super Typhoon Mangkhut led to 160 fatalities and$6 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages across the Philippines, Hong Kong, Macau, mainland China, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Tropical Storm Son-Tinh was responsible for 170 fatalities in Vietnam and Laos. Nearly all the islands of Micronesia experienced at least moderate impacts from various tropical cyclones. Across land, many areas around the globe received copious precipitation, notable at different time scales. Rodrigues and Réunion Island near southern Africa each reported their third wettest year on record. In Hawaii, 1262 mm precipitation at Waipā Gardens (Kauai) on 14–15 April set a new U.S. record for 24-h precipitation. In Brazil, the city of Belo Horizonte received nearly 75 mm of rain in just 20 minutes, nearly half its monthly average. Globally, fire activity during 2018 was the lowest since the start of the record in 1997, with a combined burned area of about 500 million hectares. This reinforced the long-term downward trend in fire emissions driven by changes in land use in frequently burning savannas. However, wildfires burned 3.5 million hectares across the United States, well above the 2000–10 average of 2.7 million hectares. Combined, U.S. wildfire damages for the 2017 and 2018 wildfire seasons exceeded $40 billion (U.S. dollars)

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements