A general analysis with trilinear and bilinear R-parity violating couplings in the light of recent SNO data

We analyse an extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model including the dominant trilinear and bilinear R-parity violating contributions. We take the trilinear terms from the superpotential and the bilinear terms from the superpotential as well as the scalar potential. We compute the neutrino masses induced by those couplings and determine the allowed ranges of the R-parity violating parameters that are consistent with the latest SNO results, atmospheric data and the Chooz constraint. We also estimate the effective mass for neutrinoless double beta decay in such scenarios.Comment: 7 pages, Revtex, 1 PS figur

A Detailed Analysis of One-loop Neutrino Masses from the Generic Supersymmetric Standard Model

In the generic supersymmetric standard model which had no global symmetry enforced by hand, lepton number violation is a natural consequence. Supersymmetry, hence, can be considered the source of experimentally demanded beyond standard model properties for the neutrinos. With an efficient formulation of the model, we perform a comprehensive detailed analysis of all one-loop contributions to neutrino masses.Comment: 27 pages Revtex, no figur

Constraints on R-parity violating supersymmetry from leptonic and semileptonic tau, B_d and B_s decays

We put constraints on several products of R-parity violating lambda lambda' and lambda' lambda' type couplings from leptonic and semileptonic tau, B_d and B_s decays. Most of them are one to two orders of magnitude better than the existing bounds, and almost free from theoretical uncertainties. A significant improvement of these bounds can be made in high luminosity tau-charm or B factories.Comment: 14 pages, latex. A few references added, two typos corrected. Version to be published in Physical Review

Focus Point SUSY at the LHC Revisited

The estimation of the backgrounds for gluino signals in focus point supersymmetry is extended by including the backgrounds from the production of four third generation quarks in the analysis. We find that these backgrounds are negligible if one uses the strong selection criteria proposed in the literature (including this analysis) for heavy gluino searches. Softer selection criteria often recommended for lighter gluino searches yield backgrounds which are small but numerically significant. We have also repeated the more conventional background calculations and compared our results with the other groups. We find that the size of the total residual background estimated by different groups using different event generators and hard kinematical cuts agree approximately. In view of the theoretical uncertainties in the leading order signal and background cross sections mainly due to the choice of the QCD scale, the gluino mass reach at the LHC cannot be pinpointed. However, requiring a signal with $\rm\geq 3$ tagged b-jets (instead of the standard choice of $\rm\geq 2$) it is shown that gluino masses close to 2 TeV can be probed at the LHC for a range of reasonable choices of the QCD scale for an integrated luminosity of 300 fb$^{-1}$.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, minor typos correctio

Probing neutrino properties with charged scalar lepton decays

Supersymmetry with bilinear R-parity violation provides a predictive framework for neutrino masses and mixings in agreement with current neutrino oscillation data. The model leads to striking signals at future colliders through the R-parity violating decays of the lightest supersymmetric particle. Here we study charged scalar lepton decays and demonstrate that if the scalar tau is the LSP (i) it will decay within the detector, despite the smallness of the neutrino masses, (ii) the relative ratio of branching ratios Br({tilde tau}_1 --> e sum nu_i)/ Br({tilde tau}_1 --> mu sum nu_i) is predicted from the measured solar neutrino angle, and (iii) scalar muon and scalar electron decays will allow to test the consistency of the model. Thus, bilinear R-parity breaking SUSY will be testable at future colliders also in the case where the LSP is not the neutralino.Comment: 24 pages, 8 ps figs Report-no.: IFIC/02-33 and ZU-TH 11/0

Status of a Supersymmetric Flavour Violating Solution to the Solar Neutrino Puzzle with Three Generations

We present a general study of a three neutrino flavour transition model based on the supersymmetric interactions which violate R-parity. These interactions induce flavour violating scattering reactions between solar matter and neutrinos. The model does not contain any vacuum mass or mixing angle for the first generation neutrino. Instead, the effective mixing in the first generation is induced via the new interactions. The model provides a natural interpretation of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly, and is consistent with reactor experiments. We determine all R-parity violating couplings which can contribute to the effective neutrino oscillations, and summarize the present laboratory bounds. Independent of the specific nature of the (supersymmetric) flavour violating model, the experimental data on the solar neutrino rates and the recoil electron energy spectrum are inconsistent with the theoretical predictions. The confidence level of the $\chi^2$-analysis ranges between $\sim 10^{-4}$ and $\sim 10^{-3}$. The incompatibility, is due to the new SNO results, and excludes the present model. We conclude that a non-vanishing vacuum mixing angle for the first generation neutrino is necessary in our model. We expect this also to apply to the solutions based on other flavour violating interactions having constraints of the same order of magnitude.Comment: 17 pages, Latex fil

Solar Neutrino Masses and Mixing from Bilinear R-Parity Broken Supersymmetry: Analytical versus Numerical Results

We give an analytical calculation of solar neutrino masses and mixing at one-loop order within bilinear R-parity breaking supersymmetry, and compare our results to the exact numerical calculation. Our method is based on a systematic perturbative expansion of R-parity violating vertices to leading order. We find in general quite good agreement between approximate and full numerical calculation, but the approximate expressions are much simpler to implement. Our formalism works especially well for the case of the large mixing angle MSW solution (LMA-MSW), now strongly favoured by the recent KamLAND reactor neutrino data.Comment: 34 pages, 14 ps figs, some clarifying comments adde

Virtual LSPs at e+ e- Colliders

Currently popular search strategies for supersymmetric particles may be significantly affected due to relatively light sneutrinos which decay dominantly into invisible channels. In certain cases the second lightest neutralino may also decay invisibly leading to two extra carriers of missing energy (in addition to the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP)) -- the virtual LSPs (VLSPs). It is shown that if the sneutrino masses happen to be in the small but experimentally allowed range ~ 45 - 55 GeV, these particles together with neutralino pairs may contribute significantly to the missing energy in the process e+ e- ---> \gamma + missing energy at LEP-2 energies as an enhancement over the Standard Model or the conventional MSSM predictions. It is further shown that a much larger region of the parameter space can be scanned at a high luminosity e+ e- collider at 500 GeV like the proposed NLC machine. Moreover this process can play a complementary role to direct chargino searches at LEP-2 and NLC which may fail due to a near mass degeneracy of the chargino and the sneutrino. Formulae for the cross sections taking into account full mixings of the charginos and the neutralinos are derived. The signal remains observable even in the context of more restricted models based on N=1 SUGRA with common scalar and gaugino masses. The effect of soft photon brehmsstrahlung on the signal is also discussed briefly.Comment: 51 pages, LaTeX plus 13 postscript figures included using epsfig in uuencoded and compressed form, minor comments adde

A multi-targeted approach to suppress tumor-promoting inflammation

Cancers harbor significant genetic heterogeneity and patterns of relapse following many therapies are due to evolved resistance to treatment. While efforts have been made to combine targeted therapies, significant levels of toxicity have stymied efforts to effectively treat cancer with multi-drug combinations using currently approved therapeutics. We discuss the relationship between tumor-promoting inflammation and cancer as part of a larger effort to develop a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach aimed at a wide range of targets to address this heterogeneity. Specifically, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, cyclooxygenase-2, transcription factor nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor alpha, inducible nitric oxide synthase, protein kinase B, and CXC chemokines are reviewed as important antiinflammatory targets while curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, lycopene, and anthocyanins are reviewed as low-cost, low toxicity means by which these targets might all be reached simultaneously. Future translational work will need to assess the resulting synergies of rationally designed antiinflammatory mixtures (employing low-toxicity constituents), and then combine this with similar approaches targeting the most important pathways across the range of cancer hallmark phenotypes

Supersymmetry Breaking and the Supersymmetric Flavour Problem: An Analysis of Decoupling the First Two Generation Scalars

The supersymmetric contributions to the Flavor Changing Neutral Current processes may be suppressed by decoupling the scalars of the first and second generations. It is known, however, that the heavy scalars drive the stop mass squareds negative through the two-loop Renormalization Group evolution. This tension is studied in detail. Two new items are included in this analysis: the effect of the top quark Yukawa coupling and the QCD corrections to the supersymmetric contributions to $\Delta m_K$. Even with Cabibbo-like degeneracy between the squarks of the first two generations, these squarks must be heavier than $\sim 40$ TeV to suppress $\Delta m_K$. This implies, in the case of a high scale of supersymmetry breaking, that the boundary value of the stop mass has to be greater than $\sim 7$ TeV to keep the stop mass squared positive at the weak scale. Low-energy supersymmetry breaking at a scale that is of the same order as the mass of the heavy scalars is also considered. In this case the finite parts of the two-loop diagrams are computed to estimate the contribution of the heavy scalar masses to the stop mass squared. It is found that for Cabibbo-like mixing between the squarks, the stop mass at the boundary needs to be larger than $\sim 2$ TeV. Thus, for both cases, the large boundary value of the stop masses leads to an unnatural amount of fine tuning to obtain the correct $Z$ mass.Comment: Latex, 40 pages, 14 figures. Replacing an earlier version of the manuscript. Extra section added discussing limits on $\delta$ from finetuning, positivity and $\Delta m_K$. Earlier version did not include the one-loop hypercharge $D-$term; this has been corrected, and our conclusions remain unchange