Automated Detection of Usage Errors in non-native English Writing

In an investigation of the use of a novelty detection algorithm for identifying inappropriate word combinations in a raw English corpus, we employ an unsupervised detection algorithm based on the one- class support vector machines (OC-SVMs) and extract sentences containing word sequences whose frequency of appearance is significantly low in native English writing. Combined with n-gram language models and document categorization techniques, the OC-SVM classifier assigns given sentences into two different groups; the sentences containing errors and those without errors. Accuracies are 79.30 % with bigram model, 86.63 % with trigram model, and 34.34 % with four-gram model

Precise determination of excitation energies in condensed-phase molecular systems based on exciton-polariton measurements

The precise determination of the excitation energies in condensed-phase molecular systems is important for understanding system-environment interactions as well as for the prerequisite input data of theoretical models used to study the dynamics of the system. The excitation energies are usually determined by fitting of the measured optical spectra that contain broad and unresolved peaks as a result of the thermally random dynamics of the environment. Herein, we propose a method for precise energy determination by strongly coupling the molecular system to an optical cavity and measuring the energy of the resulting polariton. The effect of thermal fluctuations induced by the environment on the polariton is also investigated, from which a power scaling law relating the polariton's linewidth to the number of molecules is obtained. The power exponent gives important information about the environmental dynamics.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Japanese activities in refrigeration technology

Recent activities in refrigeration technology in Japan are discussed. Stirling cycle refrigerators and magnetic refrigerators are discussed. The development of units for use on trains is discussed