Global oral health inequalities: task group--periodontal disease.

Periodontal diseases constitute one of the major global oral health burdens, and periodontitis remains a major cause of tooth loss in adults worldwide. The World Health Organization recently reported that severe periodontitis exists in 5-20% of adult populations, and most children and adolescents exhibit signs of gingivitis. Likely reasons to account for these prevalent diseases include genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors, as well as individual and socio-economic determinants. Currently, there are fundamental gaps in knowledge of such fundamental issues as the mechanisms of initiation and progression of periodontal diseases, which are undefined; inability to identify high-risk forms of gingivitis that progress to periodontitis; lack of evidence on how to prevent the diseases effectively; inability to detect disease activity and predict treatment efficacy; and limited information on the effects of integration of periodontal health as a part of the health care program designed to promote general health and prevent chronic diseases. In the present report, 12 basic, translational, and applied research areas have been proposed to address the issue of global periodontal health inequality. We believe that the oral health burden caused by periodontal diseases could be relieved significantly in the near future through an effective global collaboration.published_or_final_versio

Presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in young Chinese adults

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Immediate versus delayed implant placement after anterior single tooth extraction: the timing randomized controlled clinical trial

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Deep-level defects in n-type GaAsBi alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy at low temperature and their influence on optical properties

Deep-level defects in n-type GaAs1-x Bi x having 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.023 grown on GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy at substrate temperature of 378 °C have been injvestigated by deep level transient spectroscopy. The optical properties of the layers have been studied by contactless electroreflectance and photoluminescence. We find that incorporating Bi suppresses the formation of GaAs-like electron traps, thus reducing the total trap concentration in dilute GaAsBi layers by over two orders of magnitude compared to GaAs grown under the same conditions. In order to distinguish between Bi- and host-related traps and to identify their possible origin, we used the GaAsBi band gap diagram to correlate their activation energies in samples with different Bi contents. This approach was recently successfully applied for the identification of electron traps in n-type GaAs1-x N x and assumes that the activation energy of electron traps decreases with the Bi (or N)-related downward shift of the conduction band. On the basis of this diagram and under the support of recent theoretical calculations, at least two Bi-related traps were revealed and associated with Bi pair defects, i.e. (VGa+BiGa)(-/2-) and (AsGa+BiGa)(0/1-). In the present work it is shown that these defects also influence the photoluminescence properties of GaAsBi alloys

Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in √sNN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and pseudorapidity (Δη) are measured in √sNN=5.02  TeV p+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1  μb-1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy (ΣETPb) summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2<|Δη|<5) “near-side” (Δϕ∼0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing ΣETPb. A long-range “away-side” (Δϕ∼π) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small ΣETPb, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Δη and Δϕ) and ΣETPb dependence. The resultant Δϕ correlation is approximately symmetric about π/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos⁡2Δϕ modulation for all ΣETPb ranges and particle pT

Search for direct pair production of the top squark in all-hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at s√=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The results of a search for direct pair production of the scalar partner to the top quark using an integrated luminosity of 20.1fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at √s = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC are reported. The top squark is assumed to decay via t˜→tχ˜01 or t˜→ bχ˜±1 →bW(∗)χ˜01 , where χ˜01 (χ˜±1 ) denotes the lightest neutralino (chargino) in supersymmetric models. The search targets a fully-hadronic final state in events with four or more jets and large missing transverse momentum. No significant excess over the Standard Model background prediction is observed, and exclusion limits are reported in terms of the top squark and neutralino masses and as a function of the branching fraction of t˜ → tχ˜01 . For a branching fraction of 100%, top squark masses in the range 270–645 GeV are excluded for χ˜01 masses below 30 GeV. For a branching fraction of 50% to either t˜ → tχ˜01 or t˜ → bχ˜±1 , and assuming the χ˜±1 mass to be twice the χ˜01 mass, top squark masses in the range 250–550 GeV are excluded for χ˜01 masses below 60 GeV

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente

Two-timescale stochastic Langevin propagation for classical and quantum optomechanics

Interesting experimental signatures of quantum cavity optomechanics arise because the quantum back-action induces correlations between incident quantum shot noise and the cavity field. While the quantum linear theory of optomechanics (QLT) has provided vital understanding across many experimental platforms, in certain new setups it may be insufficient: analysis in the time domain may be needed, but QLT obtains only spectra in frequency space; and nonlinear behavior may be present. Direct solution of the stochastic equations of motion in time is an alternative, but unfortunately standard methods do not preserve the important optomechanical correlations. We introduce two-timescale stochastic Langevin (T2SL) propagation as an efficient and straightforward method to obtain time traces with the correct correlations. We show that T2SL, in contrast to standard stochastic simulations, can efficiently simulate correlation phenomena such as ponderomotive squeezing and reproduces accurately cavity sideband structures on the scale of the applied quantum noise and even complex features entirely submerged below the quantum shot noise imprecision floor. We investigate nonlinear regimes and find that, where comparison is possible, the method agrees with analytical results obtained with master equations at low temperatures and in perturbative regimes