Predictores de bienestar en una muestra de estudiantes de educación superior técnico-profesional en Chile: una aproximación basada en machine learning

Tesis (Magíster en Psicología)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024Este estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar y validar un modelo predictivo del bienestar en estudiantes de educación técnico-profesional superior (ETPS) en Chile, una población con desafíos únicos dados sus contextos socioeconómicos y educativos específicos. Mediante un análisis secundario de datos censales del Duoc UC, se utilizó la técnica de regresión LASSO para identificar predictores clave entre variables sociodemográficas, psicológicas, educativas y de estilo de vida. Los resultados destacan que el apoyo social familiar y de amistades, estrategias de afrontamiento activo y la ausencia de problemas de autoestima y salud personal son los predictores más relevantes del bienestar. Por otro lado, el estrés percibido, la procrastinación y síntomas clínicos según el DSM-5 emergen como factores negativos significativos. Estos hallazgos subrayan la relevancia de la interacción entre factores emocionales, contextuales y sociales en la experiencia del bienestar estudiantil. Este enfoque no solo considera la ausencia de psicopatología, sino que integra recursos personales y contextuales que promueven la resiliencia y el afrontamiento positivo. La metodología aplicada asegura precisión y simplicidad en la identificación de variables relevantes, destacando la utilidad de herramientas de machine learning en investigaciones de gran escala. Este estudio aporta evidencia relevante para el diseño de futuras intervenciones y políticas públicas que mejoren el bienestar integral de los estudiantes ETPS, promoviendo prácticas educativas más inclusivas y adaptadas a sus necesidades. Así, se contribuye a un entendimiento más profundo del bienestar en un grupo usualmente subrepresentado en la literatura científica

Registros de inscripción y clasificación de organizaciones de la sociedad civil en Chile. Experiencia del registro de personas jurídicas sin fines de lucro

Tesis (Magister en Políticas Publicas)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024El presente informe tiene objetivo principal identificar las necesidades y desafíos en torno a la creación de un Registro Único de Organizaciones Sociales en Chile, tomando como referencia la experiencia del Registro de Personas Jurídicas sin Fines de Lucro, administrado por el Registro Civil. Esto con la finalidad de contribuir al fortalecimiento de la sociedad civil en el país, generando un sistema sistematizado de información, que permita a las organizaciones llegar a los territorios que necesite para cumplir con el objeto social que definan, entendiendo que, dicha información tiene carácter de bien público. Al mismo tiempo se busca reconocer y relevar la importancia del sector como vehículo de las relaciones entre las personas y el Estado, de forma de establecer una base sólida para el diseño futuro de políticas asociadas a la temática.La relevancia de este tema recae en el crecimiento explosivo que han tenido las organizaciones en los últimos 20 años. Los datos del Centro de Políticas Públicas de la Universidad Católica indican que, en términos brutos, la tasa anual promedio de creación de organizaciones sociales entre los años 2005 y 2023 es del 10,8%. Sin embargo, pese al tamaño del sector, las políticas públicas implementadas no han logrado abordar sus necesidades de forma correcta. Esto ha generado limitaciones en el entendimiento de las contribuciones del sector, así como restricciones en cuanto a la interacción entre Estado y organizaciones. Para poder identificar los desafíos en torno a esta materia, en el desarrollo de la investigación se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo, que incluyó el análisis bibliográfico de la teoría existente, la comparación de experiencia internacional, y la exploración de perspectivas mediante el uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas con actores claves. Este trabajo permitió identificar las debilidades operativas del Registro de Personas Jurídicas sin Fines de Lucro, así como los vacíos normativos que existen actualmente. Al mismo tiempo, el análisis internacional proporcionó aprendizajes relevantes sobre implementaciones de Registros de Organizaciones. Esto, abarca tanto acciones que deberían implementarse, como aspectos que requieren especial atención durante el diseño de la propuesta

Exposición Chile Actúa. Maestros en escena 1949-1969. Fotografía de René Combeau (Centro Cultural de Colina, Chile)

Proyecto de exhibición de arte en Colina, con curatoría de las profesoras Hurtado y Angélica Martínez de gran impacto artístico-cultural. Se realizan actividades de mediación para estudiantes, creadores y tercera edad.Concurso Educar con las Artes del CNCAIndividua

Serendipia, desde el silencio de la fibra

Exposición individual de obra sobre papel hecho a mano.Sin auspicio. ChileSin patrocinio. Chil

Therapy with m-TOR pathway inhibitors in newborn with congenital hyperinsulinism resistant to diasoxide and octreotideTerapia con inhibidores de la vía m-TOR en recién nacidos con hiperinsulinismo congénito resistente a diásóxido y octreotida

© 2025Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a challenging and severe disease in children due to diffuse involvement of the pancreas. Its treatment is based on chronic therapy with diazoxide or octreotide, followed by partial pancreatectomy, which is often not curative. It has been previously described that sirolimus (rapamycin), an mTOR pathway inhibitor (mammalian target of rapamycin), is effective in the off-label treatment of CHI in infants who are refractory to conventional therapies. This report presents the case of a premature 33-week-old infant with a severe form of CHI and a negative mutation in the ABCC8 gene, who responded to rapamycin treatment, showing significant improvement in blood glucose regulation and quality of life. No serious adverse events were observed after 24 months of follow-up. This is the first report of a successful intervention in a pediatric patient in Chile, providing a promising basis for future studies comparing rapamycin with other treatments for the management of congenital hyperinsulinism. The objective of this work is to present a clinical case involving the off-label use of rapamycin in a patient with congenital hyperinsulinism, along with a review of the current literature.FONDECYTFONDECYTCentre for Intercultural and Indigenous Researc

Very Special Relativity Models: Infrared Regularization and Loop Corrections

We review the Sim(2) invariant infrared regularization of Very Special Relativity models that we have proposed recently and apply it to compute loop corrections in quantum electrodynamics with VSR masses for neutrino and photon. Then, we compute the axial anomaly. Finally, we study the Gross–Neveu model with a VSR mass in the large N limit uncovering a new phase of the model

The Coastal Route of Chilean Neoliberalism: Pedro Ibáñez Ojeda, the Mont Pelerin Society and the 1981 Regional Meeting

This article examines the role of Pedro Ibáñez Ojeda – a prominent Chilean politician and businessman – in the development of Chilean neoliberalism, with a focus on his international networks and the organisation of the Mont Pelerin Society (MPS) regional meeting in Viña del Mar, Chile, in 1981. I argue that Ibáñez represented a distinctive pathway within Chilean neoliberalism, here termed the ‘coastal route’, which highlights the movement’s multi-scale and polycentric nature. This route is multi-scale in Ibáñez’s promotion of liberal ideas through interconnected national, Latin American and global actors, and polycentric in showcasing independent yet complementary initiatives that collectively shaped Chile’s neoliberal trajectory. These dynamics position Ibáñez’s route as part of a broader Latin American and global community

High spatial resolution WRF-Chem modeling in Quito, Ecuador

The WRF-Chem model was applied for gas and aerosol chemistry in Quito, Ecuador, at a high horizontal resolution of 2 km. WRF-Chem was chosen due to its full coupling of meteorological and chemical processes, which is particularly suitable for complex topography and urban-scale simulations. Emission inventories were taken from EDGAR for the outer domains (32 and 8 km horizontal resolution), and local emission estimates were used for the innermost domain (2 km resolution) as initial estimates. The base year of simulation was 2018, and two months were chosen: April and December. WRF-Chem results were tested at five air quality stations across the Quito metropolitan area. To reduce bias between modeled and observed concentrations, Quito 2011 baseline emissions for CO, NOx, SO2, and PM2.5 were adjusted by factors of 1.5, 0.75, 0.30 and 3.0 approximately, resulting in annual emission estimates of 300, 27, 1.5 and 7.5 kilotonnes per year (kton per year) for CO, NOx (expressed as NO2 equivalent), SO2 and PM2.5, respectively. The model run with these adjusted emissions showed good performance for CO, NOx, SO2, and O3 (r ∼0.4–0.8), but performance was lower for PM2.5 (r ∼0.4–0.5), particularly in the afternoon. This is ascribed mainly to an underestimation of secondary organic aerosol formation. The impact of biogenic VOC emissions on ozone and PM2.5 is positive but small (+3–8%), and the inclusion of aerosol radiative feedback is minor (∼−0.5%), because of the relatively small ambient PM2.5 concentrations in Quito

Effect of re-melted textured patterns on the mechanical and tribological behavior of 70Mn steel

© 2025, Emerald Publishing Limited.Purpose: This study aims to investigate the mechanical and tribological behavior of 70Mn steel with different laser re-melted textured patterns. Design/methodology/approach: Laser surface re-melting (LSR) was used to manufacture various textured patterns (i.e. line, grid and mixed) on both the original and heat-treated 70Mn steel plates. The micro-hardness, microstructure, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, coefficients of friction (COF) and worn morphologies were characterized to evaluate the impact of different textured patterns on the overall performance. Findings: The results show that re-melted unit exhibited the highest surface hardness on the subsurface. The increase in surface hardness of the re-melted unit for the heat-treated 70Mn steel samples was much lower than that of the original ones. The re-melted textured patterns did not improve the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of either original or heat-treated 70Mn steel samples. The re-melted textured patterns effectively reduced the average COFs of heat-treated 70Mn steel samples, but increased friction of the non-heat-treated samples. Originality/value: This study provides valuable insights into enhancing the mechanical properties and tribological characteristics of 70Mn steel, particularly in the automotive, heavy machinery and high-load application sectors. These industries have stringent requirements for durability and friction control, and the findings of this research are expected to effectively extend the lifespan of mechanical components. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-11-2024-0443/This study provides valuable insights into enhancing the mechanical properties and tribological characteristics of 70Mn steel, particularly in the automotive, heavy machinery and high-load application sectors. These industries have stringent requirements for durability and friction control, and the findings of this research are expected to effectively extend the lifespan of mechanical components.ANID/FONDECY

Short/long term assessment of precast concrete block waste as a supplementary cementitious material: mechanical performance, hydration, and microstructure evolution

The massive production of cement and concrete is projected to grow significantly, with cement alone accounting for 7 %–8 % of global CO2 emissions. Reducing the environmental impact of the cement industry is critical, and low-carbon cement blends incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) valorized from industrial wastes are a promising near-term solution. Precast concrete block waste (PCBW), an industrial waste from precast concrete plants and masonry demolition, offers potential as an SCM. This study evaluates the effects of PCBW replacement (0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 50 % by volume) in cement paste mixtures (CPMs) on hydration and mechanical performance over short (3 days) and long (90 days) terms. The evaluation included isothermal calorimetry, compressive strength, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Predictive models using polynomial regression and support vector regression (SVR) were developed to estimate CPM compressive strength based on PCBW replacement levels and curing ages. Results showed that a 10 % PCBW replacement did not statistically affect CPM compressive strength, while 20 % replacement reduced it by 12 % at 90 days. XRD and FTIR analyses revealed high quartz and calcite content in PCBW, consistent with its chemical composition. DTG confirmed the low pozzolanic activity of PCBW compared to other SCMs. The predictive models demonstrated accuracy through 5-fold cross-validation. Using PCBW as an SCM up to 10 % is recommended to reduce environmental impacts without compromising mechanical performance