Modelling the deep-chlorophyll maximum: A coupled physical-biological approach

The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum (DCM) is simulated in two oligotrophic regions (SW Sargasso Sea and NW Mediterranean) using a physical/biological model that couples an upper ocean turbulent model to a nutrient/phytoplankton model. The biological model considers two types of primary producers, heterotrophs and atmospheric in addition to internal nitrate inputs. Model results appear to adequately reproduce the DCM structure in those regions. The DCM depth and magnitude is mainly determined by the vertical eddy diffusion and light extinction. The grazing parameters mainly affect the intensity of the DCM. This suggest the DCM is primarily the result of a balance between upward nutrient flux and light field characteristics. Consequently, the regenerated production only plays a secondary role

Enhancing Elderly Care through Low-Cost Wireless Sensor Networks and Artificial Intelligence: A Study on Vital Sign Monitoring and Sleep Improvement

This research explores the application of wireless sensor networks for the non-invasive monitoring of sleep quality and vital signs in elderly individuals, addressing significant challenges faced by the aging population. The study implemented and evaluated WSNs in home environments, focusing on variables such as breathing frequency, deep sleep, snoring, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), oxygen saturation, Rapid Eye Movement (REM sleep), and temperature. The results demonstrated substantial improvements in key metrics: 68% in breathing frequency, 68% in deep sleep, 70% in snoring reduction, 91% in HRV, and 85% in REM sleep. Additionally, temperature control was identified as a critical factor, with higher temperatures negatively impacting sleep quality. By integrating AI with WSN data, this study provided personalized health recommendations, enhancing sleep quality and overall health. This approach also offered significant support to caregivers, reducing their burden. This research highlights the cost-effectiveness and scalability of WSN technology, suggesting its feasibility for widespread adoption. The findings represent a significant advancement in geriatric health monitoring, paving the way for more comprehensive and integrated care solutions

SPOT and GPRS drifting buoys for HF Radar calibration

9th International Workshop on Marine Technology (MARTECH), virtual, 16-18 June 2021Traditional drifting buoys have been designed to measure the surface currents at a nominal depth of 15m with drogues of 6m height. Herein, in order to assess the performance of HF Radars two designs of Lagrangian drifting buoys have been developed and targeted to provide the vertically averaged velocity of the currents in the frst 2 and 0.5 meters of the water column. These are the layer heights of the HF Radars of RAIA observatory. The buoys were made with standard materials and of-the-shelf electronics, to keep costs as low as possibleN

Model type II regression for lagrangian validation of HF Radar velocities in the NW Iberian Peninsula

2 pages, 1 figure.-- MARTECH23, 10th Marine International Workshop on Marine Technology, 19-20 de Junio de 2023, Castellón de la PlanaTwo designs of lagrangian low-cost drifting buoys have been developed in order to monitor the ocean surface dynamics in the North-west Iberian Peninsula and provide ground-truth observations that can be used to assess the performance of High Frequency (HF) Radars of RAIA observatory from 2020 to 2022. Since regression model type I, which is typically used in buoy-HF radar antennas validations, does not consider the presence of errors in the observations from both instruments, regression model type II was proposed to instrument intercomparison. Furthermore, a new metric was developed to better assess both model types regressions in lagrangian validationsThe authors also would like to thank the support from projects RADAR ON RAIA (0461_RADAR ON RAIA_1_E, co- funded by the European Union through EP-INTERREG V-A España-Portugal POCTEP program) and STRAUSS (PID2019-106008RB-C21) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033N

CyberKnife Robotic-Assisted Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Advanced Stages of Ciliochoroidal Uveal Melanoma. Preliminary Results in Mexico

Objective: The objective of this study was to report the early results of CyberKnife® (CK®) stereotactic radiosurgery in advanced stages of ciliochoroidal (CBCh) melanoma in Mexican patients. Methods: A retrospective review of charts was performed to analyze the outcomes of patients who underwent CK® (Accuray Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, United States). Results: Four patients with CBCh melanoma were treated under this protocol. The mean age was 53.2 ± 5.3 years (range, 47-60). Median of follow-up was 9.5 ± 3.1 months (range, 5-12). Mean tumor diameter was 13.49 mm, mean thickness, 11.74 mm, and mean gross tumor volume was 1251.97 mm3. Tumors were dome- (50%) and mushroom-shaped (50%) in medium-to-large sizes. Three patients had T3b tumors, and one had a T4d tumor at the early tumor staging according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer. A mean dose of 2763 ± 181.3 cGy was prescribed to the 90% isodose line. All patients achieved local tumor control after single-session radiosurgery at the latest follow-up. One patient presented with acute toxicity (extensive serous retinal detachment associated with radiation induced tumor vasculopathy) that was promptly managed. None of the patients required secondary enucleation. Conclusions: CK® appears to be an effective therapy for medium to large-sized CBCh melanoma. A prospective comparative study with longer follow-up is needed to confirm these findings and to evaluate long-term morbidity

Artificial intelligence within the interplay between natural and artificial computation:Advances in data science, trends and applications

Artificial intelligence and all its supporting tools, e.g. machine and deep learning in computational intelligence-based systems, are rebuilding our society (economy, education, life-style, etc.) and promising a new era for the social welfare state. In this paper we summarize recent advances in data science and artificial intelligence within the interplay between natural and artificial computation. A review of recent works published in the latter field and the state the art are summarized in a comprehensive and self-contained way to provide a baseline framework for the international community in artificial intelligence. Moreover, this paper aims to provide a complete analysis and some relevant discussions of the current trends and insights within several theoretical and application fields covered in the essay, from theoretical models in artificial intelligence and machine learning to the most prospective applications in robotics, neuroscience, brain computer interfaces, medicine and society, in general.BMS - Pfizer(U01 AG024904). Spanish Ministry of Science, projects: TIN2017-85827-P, RTI2018-098913-B-I00, PSI2015-65848-R, PGC2018-098813-B-C31, PGC2018-098813-B-C32, RTI2018-101114-B-I, TIN2017-90135-R, RTI2018-098743-B-I00 and RTI2018-094645-B-I00; the FPU program (FPU15/06512, FPU17/04154) and Juan de la Cierva (FJCI-2017–33022). Autonomous Government of Andalusia (Spain) projects: UMA18-FEDERJA-084. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria of Galicia: ED431C2017/12, accreditation 2016–2019, ED431G/08, ED431C2018/29, Comunidad de Madrid, Y2018/EMT-5062 and grant ED431F2018/02. PPMI – a public – private partnership – is funded by The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research and funding partners, including Abbott, Biogen Idec, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., GE Healthcare, Genentech and Pfizer Inc

Ética Profesional y Responsabilidad Social Universitaria

este libro compila reflexiones y experiencias en responsabilidad social y ética profesional desde instituciones de Educación Superior. La responsabilidad social universitaria, como ámbito de investigación y de desarrollo conceptual y metodológico es transversal a las universidades, tanto desde el punto de vista organizacional, como desde el misional e investigativo. Quienes impulsen la responsabilidad social, requieren de ética profesional, que debe ser la clave para la construcción de principios que guíen a empresarios, políticos, gestores sociales, investigadores, entre otros, para lograr consensuar el a veces difícil equilibrio entre el bien común y el desarrollo personal

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Ecos de la academia: Revista de la Facultad de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología - FECYT Nro 4

Ecos de la academia, Revista de la Facultad de Educación Ciencia y Tecnología es una publicación científica de la Universidad Técnica del Norte, con revisión por pares a doble ciego que publica artículos en idioma español, quichua, portugués e inglés. Se edita con una frecuencia semestral con dos números por año.En ella se divulgan trabajos originales e inéditos generados por los investigadores, docentes y estudiantes de la FECYT, y contribuciones de profesionales de instituciones docentes e investigativas dentro y fuera del país, con calidad, originalidad y relevancia en las áreas de ciencias sociales y tecnología aplicada.Los orígenes de la fotografía en la segunda ciudad de Cataluña: Reus, 1839-1903. Hábitos de consumo y uso de medios digitales en los estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica del Norte. Gastronomía, historia y cultura afrodescendiente de las comunidades Chota y Salinas en Imbabura, Ecuador. Los organizadores gráficos: elementos y procedimientos básicos para su diseño. Análisis del desempeño profesional del graduado de la carrera de Licenciatura en Inglés de la Universidad Técnica del Norte. Uso del software Aleks como complemento en la asignatura de Fundamentos de Matemáticas del curso de nivelación EPN-SENECYT. La educación de postgrado y la enseñanza de Redes Neuronales Artificiales como herramienta versátil para egresados. Home is an uneasty place: Afroperipheralism anda diasporic sensibilities in Wayde Compton’s “The Instrumental”. Respuesta de la carrera de Educación Básica a las necesidades sociales en la Zona 1 del Ecuador. Programa SaludArte: Salud, Alimentación y Movimiento entran a las escuelas para mejorar la calidad educativa. Tendencias de consumo turístico de los Millennials en la ciudad de Ibarra. Los Grupos de Investigación como estrategias para desarrollo de la investigación científica en las instituciones de educación superior ecuatorianas. Paradigmas y modelos pedagógicos de los postulados científicos en el espacio de aula en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Predicting academic performance in traditional environments at higher-education institutions using data mining: A review. El Proyecto de Investigación “Muros que hablan. Un recorrido por los graffitis de Imbabura”. Construcción de la marca ciudad. Normas de presentación de artículos científicos en la revista Ecos de la Academia