2,124 research outputs found

    On the run? Growing up in modern mobile societies. John Urry interviewt von Claus J. Tully

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    Das hier veröffentlichte Interview wurde am Rande des 32. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie am 7. Oktober 2004 in München geführt. Thema des Gesprächs ist die Ausformung sozialer Bezüge unter dem Eindruck einer modernen, netzwerkmäßig organisierten mobilen und kommunikativen Gesellschaft. Im Interview wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich das Aufwachsen von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Kontext von Familie und lokalen Bezügen unter diesen Bedingungen verändert. In seinen Büchern "The Tourist Gaze" von 1990 und "Consuming Places" (1995) thematisiert er die gewandelte Bedeutung von Orten. 1994 expliziert er gemeinsam mit Lash in "Economies of Signs and Space" die These der generellen Mobilisierung von Symbolen und der Menschen, die der mobilen Ökonomie dienen. In "Sociology beyond Society" (1999) argumentiert John Urry im Sinne der Castells\u27schen Netzgesellschaften, dass wir soziales Leben nicht länger mit den vertrauten und letztlich statischen Kategorien beschreiben können. Auch in seinem jüngsten Buch "Global Complexity" (2004) plädiert er für eine neue Sichtweise auf Nationen, Orte, Regionen im Dienste sozialwissenschaftlicher Begriffsbildung vor dem Hintergrund globaler Verschränkung. (DIPF/Orig.

    Common differences : Youth research in Europe. An Analysis based on published English and Spanish journal articles

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    This article proposes to give a comparative overview of European youth research findings, focussing on the current youth-specific discourse among researchers in Europe. The aim is to demonstrate whether there is a uniform perception of youth, or at least a point of view shared by the various countries, and whether, furthermore, the research perspectives of the European Union correspond in respective countries. The comparative overview will include countries of the European Union. The analysis is based on selected English language periodicals and on Spanish publications relating to youth in specialised journals. The following limitations have to be borne in mind. No judgements or evaluations are made concerning the state of youth research in individual countries. Nor do we claim to classify empirical youth research in Europe1. The range of publications relating to European youth research is far broader and more extensive than the selection of periodicals we have taken into account. Our investigation of these periodicals is meant to give a representative illustration of the main topics of youth research in Europe.Este artículo propone brindar un panorama comparativo de la investigación sobre juventud en Europa, concentrándose en el discurso específico sobre juventud corriente entre los investigadores europeos. El propósito es demostrar si existe una percepción uniforme de la juventud, o al menos un punto de vista compartido en varios países, y si, además, las perspectivas de investigación de la Unión Europea hallan correspondencia en los respectivos países. El panorama comparativo incluirá a países de la Unión Europea. El análisis se basa en publicaciones periódicas en lengua inglesa y en publicaciones españolas referidas al tema juventud. Se deben tener en cuenta las siguientes restricciones. No se realizan aqui juicios o evaluaciones concernientes al estado de la investigación sobre juventud en países individuales. Tampoco pretendemos clasificar la investigación empírica en esta materia en Europa. El rango de las publicaciones del ámbito de la investigación sobre juventud en Europa es mucho más amplio y extensivo que la selección de publicaciones periódicas que hemos tomado en cuenta aquí. Nuestra investigación de estas publicaciones pretende brindar una imagen representativa de los principales tópicos de la investigación sobre juventud en Europa

    Computer Home?

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    La apropiación asistemática de las nuevas tecnologías. Informalización y contextualización entre los jóvenes alemanes

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    How are new techniques appropriated and used by the youths? The use of mobile phone and Internet has become usual. Which social consequences have this flexible and “loose” dealing with the modern communication techniques? Since today it is taken for granted that we live with the network technique, it is important to know more about the way in which children and youths deal with it. It is clear that the contextualization of the “Web” and its options play a relevant role. It has to do with how software and Internet options are chosen and how they are integrated in everyday life. The embedding is a specific and subjective ability. To a degree unknown up to now, the use of technical worlds is oriented by motivations, since it mainly depends on the individual interest that precedes the use of the multimedia world. German youths appropriate the supply for surfing on the data highways in a playful way. The social forming that goes with this kind of appropriation of technique has been scarcely researched, even when it implies new risks. Here it is intended to reflect about this process and its possible effects, such as social inequity and exclusion (the so called “digital divide”).¿Cómo se apropian y usan los jóvenes las nuevas tecnologías? El uso del teléfono móvil e Internet se ha vuelto habitual. ¿Qué consecuencias sociales tiene este trato flexible y “relajado” con las modernas tecnológicas de la comunicación? Dado que hoy se da por sentado que convivimos con la tecnología de la red, se hace importante saber más acerca del uso que niños y jóvenes hacen de ella. Es evidente que la contextualización de la web y sus opciones desempeñan un papel destacado. Es decir, se trata de cómo son elegidas las opciones de software e Internet y cómo son incorporadas a la cotidianeidad. El “anclaje” es una capacidad específica y subjetiva. En un grado hasta ahora desconocido, la utilización de mundos técnicos es intencional, ya que depende en gran medida del interés individual que precede al uso del mundo multimedia. Los jóvenes alemanes se apropian de la oferta de navegación en las autopistas de datos de una manera lúdica. La formación social que acompaña a este tipo de apropiación de la tecnología ha sido investigada sólo en escasa medida, aun cuando encierra nuevos riesgos. Se intenta aquí reflexionar sobre este proceso y sus posibles efectos, tales como la desigualdad social y la exclusión (la llamada brecha digital)

    Combinar la escuela con trabajo a tiempo parcial. Resultados empíricos de Alemania

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    En el presente artículo se pretende esbozar el estado actual de las investigaciones sobre el empleo a tiempo parcial de estudiantes escolares. Los datos con respecto a Alemania se derivan de la encuesta AID:A con una población de estudiantes de entre 13 y 17 años (N = 2,763). Puesto que el motivo principal por el que los jóvenes deciden trabajar mientras estudian es ganar dinero, se han incluido en este estudio datos sobre su situación económica con y sin trabajo. Aproximadamente un tercio de los estudiantes trabajan. Éstos intervienen simultáneamente en distintos mundos (la escuela, la familia, los grupos de iguales, la cultura juvenil, el ambiente laboral). La proporción de jóvenes escolares que trabajan aumenta notablemente con la edad. Este hecho no afecta a sus compromisos voluntarios ni al rendimiento escolar. Los alumnos de familias con rentas más bajas trabajan con más frecuencia, pero obtienen menos ingresos que los alumnos de familias de rentas más altas. En términos generales, los empleos a tiempo parcial permiten a los jóvenes tener un mayor margen de maniobra en su presupuesto. Esto a su vez facilita su participación en una cultura juvenil basada en el consumo. Este artículo finaliza con una reflexión sobre los déficits en la investigación y lanza un debate sobre el desarrollo previsto en el mercado de trabajo a tiempo parcial.En aquest article es pretén esbossar l'estat actual de les investigacions sobre l'ocupació a temps parcial d'estudiants escolars. Les dades respecte d'Alemanya es deriven de l'enquesta AID:A amb una població d'estudiants d'entre 13 i 17 anys (N = 2,763). Atès que el motiu principal pel qual els joves decideixen treballar mentre estudien és guanyar diners, s'han inclòs en aquest estudi dades sobre la seva situació econòmica amb o sense feina.Aproximadament un terç dels estudiants treballen. Aquests intervenen simultàniament en diferents mons (l'escola, la família, els grups d'iguals, la cultura juvenil, l'ambient laboral). La proporció de joves escolars que treballen augmenta notablement amb l'edat. Aquest fet no afecta els seus compromisos voluntaris ni el rendiment escolar. Els alumnes de famílies amb rendes més baixes treballen amb més freqüència, però obtenen menys ingressos que els alumnes de famílies de rendes més altes. En termes generals, les feines a temps parcial permeten als joves tenir un marge de maniobra més gran en el seu pressupost. Això alhora facilita la seva participació en una cultura juvenil basada en el consum. Aquest article acaba amb una reflexió sobre els dèficits en la investigació i llança un debat sobre el desenvolupament previst en el mercat de treball a temps parcial.This article begins by outlining the current state of research into the issue of part-time work taken by secondary school students. The findings for Germany are based on a childhood and youth survey (AID:A). The survey population comprises school students aged 13 to 17 (N = 2,763). As young people's primary motive for taking a job while at school is to earn income, their financial position with and without jobs is included in the study. About one third of the students have jobs. Thus young people operate simultaneously in parallel worlds (school, family, peer group, youth culture, work environment). The proportion of school students with jobs increases markedly with age. No detriment to voluntary commitments or school achievement results from having a job. Students from lower-income households take jobs more frequently, but earn less income from them than do students from higher-income households. In broad terms, part-time jobs provide appreciable additional freedom of manoeuvre in young people's budgets. This in turn facilitates participation in consumption-based youth culture. The article ends with a reflection on research deficits and a discussion of anticipated developments in the part-time labour market

    Journal Staff

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    We present the first measurements of the differential cross section d sigma/dp(T)(gamma) for the production of an isolated photon in association with at least two b-quark jets. The measurements consider photons with rapidities vertical bar y(gamma)vertical bar < 1.0 and transverse momenta 30 < p(T)(gamma) < 200 GeV. The b-quark jets are required to have p(T)(jet) > 15 GeVand vertical bar y(jet)vertical bar < 1.5. The ratio of differential production cross sections for gamma + 2 b-jets to gamma + b-jet as a function of p(T)(gamma) is also presented. The results are based on the proton-antiproton collision data at root s = 1.96 TeV collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The measured cross sections and their ratios are compared to the next- to- leading order perturbative QCD calculations as well as predictions based on the k(T)- factorization approach and those from the sherpa and pythia Monte Carlo event generators

    CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

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    Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

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    This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

    Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

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    One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

    Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

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    Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio
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