The relationship between place value understanding, arithmetic performance and mathematics achievement in general

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the understanding of place value concept, arithmetic performances and mathematics achievement among fourth graders. A total of 250 students from schools in a mid-Anatolian town was participated in the study. A mathematics achievement test, arithmetic performance test and place value test were used as the data collection tools. The independent samples t-test, correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results showed that there were no significant differences between the mathematics achievement, arithmetic performances and place value conceptions of boys and girls. A strong relationship appeared between place value conceptions, mathematics achievement and arithmetic performance of the students. An additional regression analysis showed the most important variable predicting the mathematics achievements of these students was the place value conception. 70% of the variance in mathematics achievements was explained by the place value conception scores. When the place value conception and the arithmetic performances of students are combined, they explained 77% of the mathematics achievement. Based on these results, it can be concluded that understanding place value is an important milestone in learning arithmetic and mathematics in general

Intraoperative Halo-Femoral Traction in Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Curves between 70° and 90°: Is It Effective?

Study Design A retrospective clinical study. Purpose To analyze the surgical outcomes of intraoperative halo-femoral traction (HFT) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with Cobb angles between 70° and 90° and flexibility 70°. However, few studies have evaluated the results of HFT in AIS patients with Cobb angles between 70° and 90° and flexibility <35%. Methods The study comprised 24 AIS patients (18 females, six males; mean age, 17.4 years; mean preoperative Cobb angle, 80.1°; range, 70°–90°) who underwent surgery using intraoperative HFT. Neurological status was constantly assessed during the surgery using intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. Results The mean follow-up period was 33.5 months. Radiographic outcomes demonstrated 85.7% correction of the major Cobb angle. Coronal and sagittal balance was achieved in all the patients, and shoulder levels were equalized. The traction was discontinued when a decrease in spinal cord potentials was observed during the surgery. Conclusions Intraoperative HFT is an effective and reliable method for the management of scoliosis curves between 70° and 90°. The most significant advantages of the method are avoidance of the morbidities related to anterior surgery, osteotomy, or vertebral column resection; its contribution in helping achieve adequate reduction and optimum balance by the gradually increased corrective force, lack of any need for extreme correction force during instrumentation; and the high correction rates achieved

Reporterskie zmagania z obrazami pamięci : wokół "podróży do Włoch" Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza

Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz's Italian travels are the record of the real journey to Apennine Peninsula in the form of reportages. The important fact is that each report constitutes a particular collection of impressions and observations of not the very journey as such but they constitute a compilation of author's encounters with the place he described. As a subject of description the author chose places less known because he wanted to depart from run-of-the-mill description of the Italian space. The form of a reportage allows Iwaszkiewicz to connect freely the description of urban spaces with reflections on history of art and observations on political and economic situation of Italy. Moreover, he allows certain textual polyphony, justifies subjectivity, selectivity of observation and justifies the lack of interest in the chronology of events or the cause and effect relationship of the plots taken. At the same time Italian travels are Iwaszkiewicz's reflections on his own life and work. The text devoted to Sicily (which is one out of seven reportages in the volume) is analysed in detail

Deep mining of oxysterols and cholestenoic acids in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid: Quantification using isotope dilution mass spectrometry

Both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are rich in cholesterol and its metabolites. Here we describe in detail a methodology for the identification and quantification of multiple sterols including oxysterols and sterol-acids found in these fluids. The method is translatable to any laboratory with access to liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry. The method exploits isotope-dilution mass spectrometry for absolute quantification of target metabolites. The method is applicable for semi-quantification of other sterols for which isotope labelled surrogates are not available and approximate quantification of partially identified sterols. Values are reported for non-esterified sterols in the absence of saponification and total sterols following saponification. In this way absolute quantification data is reported for 17 sterols in the NIST SRM 1950 plasma along with semi-quantitative data for 8 additional sterols and approximate quantification for one further sterol. In a pooled (CSF) sample used for internal quality control, absolute quantification was performed on 10 sterols, semi-quantification on 9 sterols and approximate quantification on a further three partially identified sterols. The value of the method is illustrated by confirming the sterol phenotype of a patient suffering from ACOX2 deficiency, a rare disorder of bile acid biosynthesis, and in a plasma sample from a patient suffering from cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, where cholesterol 27-hydroxylase is deficient

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

LSM Sariawan

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Upaya Bank Terhadap Kasus Hak Tanggungan Atas Hak Guna Bangunan Yang Jangka Waktu Berakhir Sebelum Pembiayaan Jatuh Tempo (Studi di PT. Bank BNI Syariah Kantor Cabang Malang)

Pada skripsi ini, penulis mengangkat tema Upaya Bank Terhadap Kasus Hak Tanggungan Atas Hak Guna Bangunan Yang Jangka Waktu Berakhir Sebelum Pembiayaan Jatuh Tempo. Pilihan tema tersebut dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya pembiayaan yang diajukan nasabah penerima fasilitas atau debitor pada PT. Bank BNI Syariah Kantor Cabang Malang dengan memberikan agunan hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktu berakhir sebelum pembiayaan jatuh tempo. Dalam hal ini bank sebagai badan usaha yang berbadan hukum memiliki upaya agar agunan yang diterima dapat tercover dengan hak tanggungan. Karya tulis ini mengangkat rumusan masalah: (1) Bagaimana upaya bank terhadap kasus hak tanggungan atas hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktu berakhir sebelum pembiayaan jatuh tempo? (2) Apa saja faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat upaya bank terhadap kasus hak tanggungan atas hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktu berakhir sebelum pembiayaan jatuh tempo?. Tujuan penulisan karya tulis ini adalah agar dapat diterapkannya pengikatan hak tanggungan sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku di masyarakat. Penulisan karya tulis ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris. Bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh penulis akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif yaitu menyatakan data yang diperoleh dari responden secara obyektif berdasarkan kenyataan yang terjadi, kemudian dikaitkan dengan ketentuan-ketentuan hukum yang ada untuk dimasukkan kedalam pembahasan pokok permasalahan sehingga diperoleh suatu kesimpulan yang bersifat umum. Dari hasil penelitian dengan metode diatas, penulis memperoleh jawaban atas permasalahan yang ada bahwa upaya bank terhadap kasus hak tanggungan atas hak guna bangunan yang jangka berakhir sebelum pembiayaan jatuh tempo dapat diberikan dari seorang Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dengan cara membuatkan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan mengenai hak atas tanah yang belum terdaftar disertai dengan pengurusan hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktu berakhir sebelum pembiayaan jatuh tempo untuk diperpanjang jangka waktu hak guna bangunannya atau dirubah haknya menjadi hak milik

Efficacy of erector spinae plane block on postoperative pain in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery

Background Major lumbar spine surgery causes severe pain in the postoperative period. There are few studies regarding the effect of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) effect on lumbar surgery and its effect is still controversial. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided low thoracic ESPB on opioid consumption and postoperative pain score. Material and methods Seventy-eight patients undergoing elective open lumbar spine surgery were randomized into two groups. In ESPB group (n = 35) received ultrasound-guided ESPB and in the control group (n = 35), there was no block. Postoperative opioid consumption as morphine equivalent dose, numerical rating scale, mobilization time, discharge time and side effects, bolus deliveries, rescue analgesia doses were evaluated. Results Total opioid consumption as morphine equivalent was higher in the control group than the ESPB group (p = 0.000). Compare with the control group, the numeric rating scale scores were lower in the ESPB group at the 6th, 12th, and 24th hours (p < 0.05). The patient-controlled analgesia button pressing number in the postoperative 24-h period was lower in the ESPB group (p = 0.000). In the postoperative 24-h period, the need for paracetamol in the ESPB group was lower and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.008). Rescue analgesia (diclofenac) doses were higher in the control group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of side effects and mobilization times. Conclusion ESPB is adequate for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery and can reduce opioid consumption compared with standard analgesia

Pollen Viability and Germination Rates of 45 Watermelon Genotypes

This study was conducted at the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultureof Cukurova University in 2002. Eighty three watermelon accessions,collected from different regions and provided by the Turkish genebank (MenemenAgricultural Research Institute), were used for this study. Watermelon plants weregrown in the research greenhouses of Cukurova University to determine pollenviability and germination rate. TTC (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) and FDA(fluorescein di acetat) tests were used to determine pollen viability. In vitrogermination test was conducted by using agar plates. The highest pollen viabilities(97.41% and 97.36%) were found in accessions 70 and 71, the lowest viabilities(49.65% and 61.08%) were found in accessions 25 and 24 with the TTC test. By usingthe FDA test, the highest pollen viabilities (96.31% and 96.05%) were observed inaccessions 10 and 29 while the lowest rates (71.37% and 74.86%) were obtained fromaccessions 47 and 24. Germination rates of pollen were lower than viability. Thehighest germination rates (89.43% and 88.23%) were observed in accessions 83 and76, the lowest rates (19.62% and 20.22%) were found in accessions 24 and 25