Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the PRISMA-7 scale for European Portuguese

Background. Frailty is an age-associated biological syndrome and a predictor of multimorbidity outcomes, whose early recognition allows for the identification of those older patients at risk. The PRISMA-7 scale allows for the identification of frail older people. Objectives. To make a cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the PRISMA-7 to the European spoken Portuguese language. Material and methods. Cross-cultural adaptation by translation of the PRISMA-7 scale into European Portuguese, debriefing and back-translation to English. Application for intra-observer reliability assessment and validation by simultaneous and concurrent application of the Katz scale. Results. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was of 0.420 and 0.409 after a re-test. Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation of 0.969 in the re-test operation in a sample of 64 older people (35 female). More than 3 affirmative answers were found for older people (p < 0.001), for a higher number of self-reported drugs taken, (p = 0.001), self-reported years of education (p = 0.001), higher values for those with less years of studies were found in the validation of the translated PRISMA-7 scale, in a purposive sample of 127 older people, 72 (56.7%) female. No differences were found between gender (p = 0.414) and for number of self-reported diseases (p = 0.258). A Spearman correlation of ρ = 0.477 (p < 0.001) between the total of the two scales was found. Discussion. This comprehensive tool enables health care providers to discuss and architect more effective and efficient measures for these patients’ care, regardless of gender, socio-demographic factors, number of self-reported drugs taken and diseases. Conclusions. The PRISMA-7 scale is now recommended to identify frail older people in the Portuguese community.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O programa de estimulação precoce: contribuições e limites na percepção dos pais

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a importância do programa de estimulação precoce para os pais de crianças portadoras de necessidades educacionais especiais. Foi realizado um estudo de campo que buscou conscientizá-los da importância que a estimulação, exercida no ambiente familiar, tem no desenvolvimento a qualidade de vida de seus filhos. Os participantes desta pesquisa foram alunos atendidos no Centro de Educação Infantil, situado na cidade satélite do Paranoá - Distrito Federal. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário semi-estruturado, que foi distribuído aos responsáveis pelas crianças para expor suas opiniões a respeito do atendimento e do relacionamento entre famílias / crianças / professores. As categorias selecionadas para este trabalho foram: compreensão do programa de estimulação precoce; atitudes relacionadas à criança portadora de necessidades educativas especiais; prática da estimulação diária; reação da criança diante da estimulação; a contribuição da escola para o trabalho no lar; e pessoas a quem recorrer. Vale ressaltar que a função social da escola é formar cidadãos para a vida em sociedade. O “Programa de Estimulação Precoce”, além de ter os mesmos interesses, visa uma qualidade de vida melhor para a criança. As conclusões do trabalho demonstraram que sem a participação efetiva da família não há como a criança se desenvolver, pois a mesma passa maior parte tempo com familiares e que, o programa de estimulação precoce, executa um atendimento dinâmico e cooperativo, onde os pais aprendem e convivem de forma harmoniosa com a equipe de atendimento e com seus filhos

Patrimônio da paisagem cultural Teresinense:Praça Monumento da Costa e Silva/ Heritage of the Teresina cultural Landscape:Monumento da Costa e Silva Square

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as principais transformações da paisagem na Praça Monumento Da Costa e Silva e seu entorno, localizada na cidade de Teresina, Piauí. A praça foi projetada pelo paisagista Roberto Burle Marx e participação do arquiteto Acácio Gil Borsoi, com o objetivo de homenagear o renomado poeta Antônio Francisco da Costa e Silva, autor da letra do hino do Piauí. Em Teresina, é possível encontrar três projetos de Burle Marx: os jardins do Palácio do Karnak (1972), a Praça Da Costa e Silva (1976) e os jardins do Rio Poti Hotel (1986). Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas, visitas “in loco”, entrevistas, fotografias e croquis. Diante de sua notória importância para o patrimônio e paisagem cultural em Teresina, observou-se que o espaço, antes popular e assiduamente frequentado pelos teresinenses, deixou de ser um ambiente de lazer e integração social. Essa realidade é reflexo da insegurança sentida no local, do entorno comercial, da desvalorização do rio Parnaíba, que tem influência direta sobre a praça, da falta de conhecimento e, consequentemente, da desvalorização das obras de Burle Marx, além do descaso da importância desse patrimônio pelo órgão municipal

Artisanal cheese of Minas Gerais, not all are AMC: a brief review

The artisanal Minas cheese (AMC) is a product widely produced and consumed throughout the state of Minas Gerais, with the regions of Araxá, Campo das Vertentes, Canastra, Cerrado, Ibitipoca, Serra do Salitre, Serro, Triângulo considered as the eight traditional regions of artisanal Minas cheese. With the publication of the Law 23,157, of December 18, 2018, related to the production and sale of artisanal cheeses in Minas Gerais, other artisanal cheese varieties could also be recognized and regularized, in addition to the AMC. Among the varieties of artisanal cheeses of Minas Gerais (ACM), which are not AMC, are: artisanal cheese from Alagoa, artisanal Mantiqueira de Minas cheese, Cabacinha cheese, artisanal cheese from Vale do Suaçuí, artisanal cheese from Serra Geral, and also the artisanal processed cheese, known as requeijão Moreno. While the AMC must follow a standard manufacturing technology in all regions where it is produced, other artisanal cheeses made in Minas Gerais have some particularities, such as heating and cooking the curd, melting, or stretching, among other steps that are not allowed in the AMC. In short, artisanal cheeses of Minas Gerais include artisanal Minas cheeses (AMC) and artisanal cheeses that have specific manufacturing technology only for their variety. The artisanal cheeses of Minas Gerais are part of history and culture of the state, however they have not yet been extensively studied, so there are not many scientific publications about their characteristics and how these cheeses are made. In this context, this review aimed to study the literature to elucidate the main characteristics of artisanal cheeses of Minas Gerais that do not fit the AMC classification, as well as their production regions and manufacturing technologies

CÂNCER DE ESTÔMAGO: FATORES DE RISCO, PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO

Introduction: Stomach cancer poses a major challenge to public health worldwide. This disease is responsible for thousands of deaths every year and significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Objective: The objective is to increase knowledge about stomach cancer by identifying the main risk factors, as well as the best prevention and treatment strategies. Methodology: A descriptive and qualitative literature review was conducted, analyzing scientific articles related to the research topic. Selection criteria included complete articles published in Portuguese between 2017 and 2022, while exclusion criteria involved duplicate articles, unavailable texts, publications in languages other than Portuguese, and studies published more than 5 years ago. Analysis and discussion of results: There are several risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing stomach cancer. Among them, infection by the Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most significant. Prevention plays a fundamental role in reducing the incidence of stomach cancer, and adopting simple measures can make a difference. Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are essential steps in this process, as these habits are associated with a higher risk of developing the disease. Conclusion: In conclusion, stomach cancer represents a significant challenge to global health, but prevention and adequate treatment play a crucial role in reducing its incidence and increasing survival rates.Introdução: O câncer de estômago representa um grande desafio para a saúde pública em todo o mundo. Essa doença é responsável por milhares de mortes todos os anos e afetam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: é aumentar o conhecimento sobre o câncer de estomago, identificando os principais fatores de risco, bem como as melhores estratégias de prevenção e tratamento. Metodologia: uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter descritivo e abordagem qualitativa, com análise de literaturas científicas que nos remetam ao objeto de pesquisa. Utilizamos como critérios de seleção da literatura, artigos completos, publicados em português, no período de 2017-2022, e os critérios de exclusão os artigos repetidos, publicações com textos indisponíveis, fora da língua vernácula e estudos com mais de 5 anos de publicação, fora do recorte temporal. Analise e discussão dos resultados: Existem diversos fatores de risco que podem aumentar a probabilidade de desenvolver câncer de estômago. Entre eles, a infecção pela bactéria Helicobacter pylori é um dos mais significativos. prevenção desempenha um papel fundamental na redução da incidência do câncer de estômago, e adotar medidas simples pode fazer a diferença. Evitar o tabagismo e o consumo excessivo de álcool são passos essenciais nesse processo, uma vez que esses hábitos estão associados a um maior risco de desenvolver essa doença Conclusão: Em conclusão, o câncer de estômago representa um desafio significativo para a saúde global, mas a prevenção e o tratamento adequado desempenham um papel crucial na redução de sua incidência e no aumento das taxas de sobrevivência

Dos cuidados às dificuldades do cuidador em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa

A pandemia da COVID-19 instaurou mudanças comportamentais e estruturais em vários níveis da sociedade. No âmbito da saúde, o período pandêmico foi estressante pelo fato dos indivíduos temerem adoecer ou perder alguém próximo a elas. Isso gerou uma série de problemáticas, principalmente com os cuidadores em saúde, que tiveram a sua rede de apoio prejudicada. A adaptação com a nova rotina de execução do trabalho foi dificultada, frente as novas medidas sanitárias impostas que prezaram pelo distanciamento social. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva compreender as mudanças impostas na rotina dos cuidadores em saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19, bem como os impactos psicossociais vivenciados pelos mesmos, relacionando às modificações no bem-estar e no pleno exercício de suas funções de trabalho. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sistemático em relevantes bases de dados científicas virtuais, sendo selecionados alguns artigos conforme os critérios de inclusão pré-determinados. Uma análise criteriosa foi realizada a partir da leitura completa dos artigos escolhidos para que o trabalho alcançasse os resultados esperados. Entende-se que o cuidado com o cuidador é fundamental para primar pela oferta de um melhor serviço e otimizar os resultados do paciente final na escala de atenção à saúde, beneficiando o sistema de apoio integral ao bem-estar individual e coletivo. Logo, é oportuno contrastar os diferentes meios e situações nos quais os cuidadores em saúde foram inseridos no período pandêmico pela análise minuciosa da literatura, estabelecendo melhores consensos acerca do tema de abordagem central

Avanços nas Técnicas de Cirurgia Geral e Plástica para Correção de Fissura Palatina: Uma Revisão Sistemática

This article aims to evaluate advances in surgical techniques for the correction of cleft palate, highlighting the associated benefits and challenges. The specific objectives include identifying and describing the latest techniques, assessing their effectiveness in improving speech, comparing recovery times and complications, studying the success rate in preventing postoperative complications, and examining the need for complementary interventions such as speech therapy. The methodology used was a descriptive and qualitative bibliographic review, analyzing studies published between 2009 and 2024, in Portuguese and English. The databases consulted were PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The analysis focused on the effectiveness of surgical techniques in improving speech function, reducing recovery times, preventing postoperative complications, and evaluating the need for complementary interventions. The results indicate that recent advances, such as endoscopic surgery and the use of dynamic tension devices, have shown significant benefits, including less tissue trauma, reduced scarring, and better functional and aesthetic outcomes. Additionally, robotic surgery and 3D printing have contributed to personalized surgical planning, resulting in more precise and predictable procedures. Techniques such as Furlow and Bardach present higher success rates in speech correction and prevention of postoperative complications. The conclusion highlights the critical importance of surgical techniques for the correction of cleft palate, evidencing significant advances and associated challenges. Early surgical correction is essential to restore palate integrity, promoting improvements in speech, feeding, hearing, and facial aesthetics. A multidisciplinary approach involving surgeons, speech therapists, orthodontists, and other healthcare professionals is fundamental to ensure the best long-term outcomes for patients with cleft palate. Continued research in this area is crucial to enhance treatment strategies, ensure the safety and efficacy of procedures, and improve patients' quality of life.Este artigo tem como objetivo geral avaliar os avanços nas técnicas cirúrgicas para a correção de fissura palatina, destacando os benefícios e desafios associados. Os objetivos específicos incluem identificar e descrever as técnicas mais recentes, avaliar sua eficácia na melhora da fala, comparar tempos de recuperação e complicações, estudar a taxa de sucesso na prevenção de complicações pós-operatórias e examinar a necessidade de intervenções complementares, como fonoaudiologia. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica descritiva e qualitativa, analisando estudos publicados entre 2009 e 2024, em português e inglês. As bases de dados consultadas foram PubMed, Scielo e Google Scholar. A análise focou na eficácia das técnicas cirúrgicas em melhorar a função da fala, reduzir tempos de recuperação, prevenir complicações pós-operatórias e avaliar a necessidade de intervenções complementares. Os resultados indicam que os avanços recentes, como a cirurgia endoscópica e a utilização de dispositivos de tensão dinâmica, têm mostrado benefícios significativos, incluindo menor trauma tecidual, cicatrizes reduzidas e melhores resultados funcionais e estéticos. Além disso, a cirurgia robótica e a impressão 3D têm contribuído para o planejamento cirúrgico personalizado, resultando em procedimentos mais precisos e previsíveis. Técnicas como a de Furlow e a de Bardach apresentam melhores taxas de sucesso na correção da fala e na prevenção de complicações pós-operatórias. A conclusão destaca a importância crítica das técnicas cirúrgicas para a correção da fissura palatina, evidenciando os avanços significativos e os desafios associados. A correção cirúrgica precoce é essencial para restaurar a integridade do palato, promovendo melhorias na fala, alimentação, audição e estética facial. A abordagem multidisciplinar envolvendo cirurgiões, fonoaudiólogos, ortodontistas e outros profissionais de saúde é fundamental para garantir os melhores resultados a longo prazo para pacientes com fissura palatina. A continuidade de pesquisas nesta área é crucial para aprimorar as estratégias de tratamento, garantir a segurança e eficácia dos procedimentos e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. &nbsp

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI &lt;18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For school&#x2;aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI &lt;2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI &gt;2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit