Comparison of intraperitoneal and incisional lidocaine or ropivacaine irrigation for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing major abdominal surgeries

This study compared the postoperative analgesic efficacy of intraperitoneal and incisional lidocaine versus ropivacaine in dogs undergoing major abdominal surgeries. Dogs randomly received intraperitoneal lidocaine irrigation (4 mg kg-1, diluted to 5 ml kg-1, L group), ropivacaine (4 mg kg-1, diluted to 5 ml kg-1, R group) or 0.9% saline (5 ml kg-1, C group). Prior to skin closure, dogs received incisional lidocaine 2 mg kg-1 (group L), incisional ropivacaine 2 mg kg-1 (group R) or incisional saline 0.2 ml kg-1 (group C). Pain was assessed at different time points up to 24 hours after extubation, using the Short Form-Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale and VAS Scale. In group C, postoperative pain scores were significantly higher than in groups L and R from T0.5 to T6 (p < 0.05). In R group, postoperative pain scores were significantly lower than in groups L and C from T12 to T24 (p < 0.05). Rescue analgesia was administered to 5/11 dogs in L group, 1/10 dogs in R group and 8/10 dogs in C group. Groups L and R experienced a significantly lower postoperative pain during the first 6 hours after extubation, compared with group C. Ropivacaine provided lower postoperative pain scores than lidocaine and saline up to 24 hours after extubation. According to the obtained results, ropivacaine seemed to provide better and longer lasting postoperative analgesia compared with lidocaine. Therefore, intraperitoneal and incisional administration of ropivacaine in dogs undergoing major abdominal surgeries is recommended

Types of major abdominal surgery, anaesthesia, surgery, extubation and premedication to extubation times of the dogs recruited in L, R and C groups.

Types of major abdominal surgery, anaesthesia, surgery, extubation and premedication to extubation times of the dogs recruited in L, R and C groups.</p

Box-and-whisker plots of the perioperative Short Form-Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (SF-GCMPS) scores in 31 dogs undergoing major abdominal surgeries.

Dogs received intraperitoneal and incisional lidocaine (Group L), ropivacaine (Group R) or sterile saline (Group C) at the end of surgery. Dogs were evaluated immediately before surgery (baseline) and from 30 minutes (T0.5) up to 24 hours (T24) after extubation. Each box represents the interquartile range, and the median value is the horizontal line within each box. The upper and lower whiskers represent the upper and lower range of values, respectively. ▲: significantly higher than in groups L and R; ●: significantly higher than in group R; ◆: significantly lower than in groups L and C.</p

Breed, age, body weight, gender, ASA status, temperament and preoperative SF-GCMPS and VAS scores of the dogs recruited in L, R and C groups.

Breed, age, body weight, gender, ASA status, temperament and preoperative SF-GCMPS and VAS scores of the dogs recruited in L, R and C groups.</p

Box-and-whisker plots of the perioperative visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in 31 dogs undergoing major abdominal surgeries.

Dogs received intraperitoneal and incisional lidocaine (Group L), ropivacaine (Group R) or sterile saline (Group C) at the end of surgery. Dogs were evaluated immediately before surgery (baseline) and from 30 minutes (T0.5) up to 24 hours (T24) after extubation. Each box represents the interquartile range, and the median value is the horizontal line within each box. The upper and lower whiskers represent the upper and lower range of values, respectively. ▲: significantly higher than in groups L and R; ●: significantly higher than in group R; ◆: significantly lower than in groups L and C.</p