Apparatus for measuring conductivity and velocity of plasma utilizing a plurality of sensing coils positioned in the plasma Patent

Apparatus for measuring conductivity and velocity of plasma with multiple sensing coils positioned in plasm

ISCCP reduced resolution satellite radiance data

The International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) is the first active project of the World Climate Research Program. It is a multinational data collection project focused on collecting a data set that will improve the ability to predict and/or simulate the radiative effects of clouds on climate. For specified cloud parameters, the goals are to archieve values for 3-hour periods over the whole globe for 5 years at 30 km resolution. The task of collecting and processing radiance data from both geosynchronous and polar orbiting satellites began in July 1983. A diagram was shown illustrating the flow of data from the transmitting satellites to the various receiving institutions that handle it. The various stages of processing were then explained in detail, emphasizing Level B3-normalized, reformatted, reduced raw satellite data. The reduction of data by sampling is an essential step in the flow. By the time the ISCCP data reaches the Global Processing Center at Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), the volume has been reduced by a factor of 1000. The Pilot Climate Data System (PLDS) will provide access to the ISCCP data set. It should prove to be one of the cleanest satellite data sets because it will have been through three filters--that of the operational agency, the Global Processing Center, and the PCDS. The ISCCP data set also includes other correlative data sets delivered in compatible format

Effect of ground and/or ceiling planes on thrust of rotors in hover

The thrust produced by a helicopter rotor hovering near ground and/or ceiling planes is investigated experimentally and theoretically. In the experiment, the thrust was measured on a 0.324-m-diam rotor operating between floor and ceiling planes which were located from 6 to 0.08 diam from the rotor disk. In the first theoretical model studied, the incompressible and inviscid flow induced by a sequence of vortex cylinders, located above and below the rotor to simulate the rotor wake and its interaction with the floor and ceiling planes, was considered. Comparison with experiment showed that this model overpredicts the change in thrust caused by the proximity of the walls. Therefore, a second arrangement of vortex cylinders was introduced which provides a more accurate prediction of the ground and ceiling effects on the thrust of the rotor in hover. The applicability of these results to a vented wind tunnel is also discussed

On the inviscid rolled-up structure of lift generated vortices

A simple form is presented of the relationships for the inviscid, fully developed structure of lift-generated vortices behind aircraft wings. The method is then extended to arbitrary span-load distributions by inferring guidelines for the selection of rollup centers for the vortex sheet, along with rules for calculating the fully developed structure of the resulting multiple vortices. These techniques yield realistic estimates of the rolled-up structure of vortices produced by a wider variety of span-load distributions than possible with the original form of the theory

Time-dependent structure of one-dimensional magnetic compression waves in collisionless plasmas. Oblique ambient magnetic field

Structure of one-dimensional unsteady magnetic compression waves moving into ionized plasma embedded in magnetic fiel

Experimental investigation of wing fin configurations for alleviation of vortex wakes of aircraft

A variety of fin configurations were tested on a model of the Boeing B747 in 40 by 80 foot wind tunnels. The test results confirmed that a reduction in wake rolling moment was brought about by the vortex shed by the fins so that a wide range of designs can be used to achieve wake alleviation. It was also found that the reduction in wake-induced rolling moments was especially sensitive to the location of the smaller fins on the wing and that the penalties in lift and drag can probably be made negligible by proper fin design

Inviscid modeling of aircraft trailing vortices

A survey is presented of inviscid theoretical methods that are useful in the study of lift-generated vortices. Concepts derived using these invisicid theories are cited which have helped to guide research directed at alleviating the velocities and rolling moments imposed on aircraft entering these wakes

Information-Theoretic Methods for Identifying Relationships among Climate Variables

Information-theoretic quantities, such as entropy, are used to quantify the amount of information a given variable provides. Entropies can be used together to compute the mutual information, which quantifies the amount of information two variables share. However, accurately estimating these quantities from data is extremely challenging. We have developed a set of computational techniques that allow one to accurately compute marginal and joint entropies. These algorithms are probabilistic in nature and thus provide information on the uncertainty in our estimates, which enable us to establish statistical significance of our findings. We demonstrate these methods by identifying relations between cloud data from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) and data from other sources, such as equatorial pacific sea surface temperatures (SST).Comment: Presented at the Earth-Sun System Technology Conference (ESTC 2008), Adelphi, MD. http://esto.nasa.gov/conferences/estc2008/ 3 pages, 3 figures. Appears in the Proceedings of the Earth-Sun System Technology Conference (ESTC 2008), Adelphi, M

Wind-Tunnel Investigation of the Effect of Porous Spoilers on the Wake of a Subsonic Transport Model

Tests were conducted in the Ames Research Center 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel to determine how porosity of wing spoilers on a B-747 airplane would affect the rolling moments imposed on an aircraft following in the wake. It was found that spoilers with 40 percent porosity and hole diameter to thickness ratio of 1.1 were just as effective in reducing the rolling moment imposed on the follower as solid spoilers, for the case of two spoilers per wing panel (6.4 percent semispan each) with a following model whose span was 20 percent of the span of the generator. When a larger following model was tested, whose span was 50 percent of that of the generator, the effectiveness of the two spoilers per wing was substantially reduced

Proper 16 • Isaiah 51:1–6 • August 24, 2014

This passage is about the end times in which the gospel is not only present (as it is in all such readings) but in which it predominates