Labor standards and external promotion of European norms

Introduction: The European Union doesn’t have its own labor code defining the rights and obligations of employees and employers. Employment policy and social policy lay essentially within the competences of the Member States. Moreover the EU is not a signatory to ILO conventions, and cannot ratify any the ILO Conventions, because only EU member states can be signatories. Nevertheless according to the article 153 TFEU the EU shall support and complement the activities of the Member States regarding labor issues, as protection of workers and modernization of social protection among many others. Thus labor norms and standards have been promoted via different methods and different techniques, and different actors have been involved, not necessarily with full consent and support of member states. Aforementioned complementary activities could be found in the free trade agreement signed by the EU with South Korea, and will be found in upcoming agreements with the US, Singapore, India, and Canada

Spectroscopic binaries among Hipparcos M giants II. Binary frequency

This paper is the second one in a series devoted to the study of properties of binaries involving M giants. The binary frequency of field M giants is derived and compared with the binary fraction of K giants. Diagrams of the CORAVEL spectroscopic parameter Sb (measuring the average line-width) vs. radial-velocity standard deviation for our samples are used to define appropriate binarity criteria. These then serve to extract the binarity fraction among the M giants. Comparison is made to earlier data on K giants binarity frequency. The Sb parameter is discussed in relation to global stellar parameters and the Sb vs. stellar radius relation is used to identify fast rotators. We find that the spectroscopic binary detection rate among field M giants, in a sample with a low number of velocity measurements (~2), unbiased toward earlier known binaries, is 6.3%. This is less than half of the analogous rate for field K giants, likely resulting from a real difference. This difference originates in the greater difficulty of finding binaries among M giants because of their smaller orbital velocity amplitudes and larger intrinsic jitter and in the different distributions of K and M giants in the eccentricity-period diagram. A larger detection rate was obtained in a smaller M giant sample with more radial velocity measurements per object: 11.1% confirmed plus 2.7% possible binaries. The CORAVEL spectroscopic parameter Sb was found to correlate better with the stellar radius than with either luminosity or effective temperature separately. Two outliers of the Sb vs. stellar radius relation, HD 190658 and HD 219654, have been recognized as fast rotators. The rotation is companion-induced, as both objects turn out to be spectroscopic binaries.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, language editing changes onl

Alien Registration- Frankowski, Stanley (Thomaston, Knox County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/13039/thumbnail.jp

Outer space and private companies : consequences for global security

The paper focuses on sectors, methods, and spheres of the space activity of pri - vate companies, to provide empirical analysis of space applications and implica - tions for global security. Special emphasis has been given to private companies offering access to satellite imagery and satellite remote sensing, as well as compa - nies entering outer space with new and prospective capabilities as space mining. The article explains the rising importance of geo-intelligence, space surveillance and telecommunication for global security and new kind of security challenges and vulnerabilities such as environmental problems in outer space or techno - logical challenges to security. The author argues that profit-oriented companies play crucial role in new security environment in the US, efficiently changing the law and practice. Finally he points out that new and growing market for subcon - tractors in space applications raises questions on growing dependence on private resources in traditional sphere of state activity, namely security, in this case pro - vided from and through the outer space

The Violence of Post-Racial Memory and the Political Sense of Mourning

In this paper I argue that “post-raciality” entails a way of remembering that depoliticizes the social meaning of memory and thus of history. Through aesthetic critique, I attempt to show how the hyper-production of memory obscures the very real forms of violence directed toward non-whites. By developing the aesthetic critiques of W.E.B. Du Bois and Walter Benjamin, I argue that representing former violence as social memory fails to adequately address subtle forms of cultural and residual violence. Furthermore, I argue that post-racial memory produces sites and representations of the past only to enact a type of social forgetting in the present. I develop a political sense of mourning as a form of resistance against the violence of post-racial memory